• 제목/요약/키워드: inorganic chemical

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Immobilization of L-Lysine on Zeolite 4A as an Organic-Inorganic Composite Basic Catalyst for Synthesis of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds under Mild Conditions

  • Zamani, Farzad;Rezapour, Mehdi;Kianpour, Sahar
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제34권8호
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    • pp.2367-2374
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    • 2013
  • Lysine (Lys) immobilized on zeolite 4A was prepared by a simple adsorption method. The physical and chemical properties of Lys/zeolite 4A were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-vis. The obtained organic-inorganic composite was effectively employed as a heterogeneous basic catalyst for synthesis of ${\alpha},{\beta}$-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. No by-product formation, high yields, short reaction times, mild reaction conditions, operational simplicity with reusability of the catalyst are the salient features of the present catalyst.

Carbon-allotropes: synthesis methods, applications and future perspectives

  • Karthik, P.S.;Himaja, A.L.;Singh, Surya Prakash
    • Carbon letters
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.219-237
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    • 2014
  • The element carbon has been used as a source of energy for the past few hundred years, and now in this era of technology, carbon has played a significant and very prominent role in almost all fields of science and technology. So as an honour to this marvellous element, we humans should know about its various forms of existence. In this review article, we shed light on all possible carbon-allotropes; similarities in their synthesis techniques and the starting materials; their wide range of possible availability; and finally, future perspectives and applications. A brief introduction is given on the types, structures, and shapes of the allotropes of carbon for a better understanding.

Carbon Nanotube Synthesis and Growth Using Zeolite by Catalytic CVD and Applications

  • Zhao, Wei;Nam, Seo Dong;Pokhrel, Ashish;Gong, Jianghong;Kim, Ik Jin
    • 한국세라믹학회지
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    • 제50권1호
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    • pp.1-17
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    • 2013
  • Since their first discovery, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have become a material central to the field of nanotechnology. Owing to their splendid physical, structural and chemical properties, they have the potential to impact a wide range of applications, including advanced ceramics, nanoelectronic devices, nanoscale sensors, solar cells, battery electrodes, and field emitters. This review summarizes the synthetic methods of preparing CNTs and focuses on the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, especially catalytic CVD. In order to stabilize and disperse the catalyst nanoparticles (NPs) during synthesis, zeolite was implemented as the template to support metal-containing NPs, so that both CNTs in the bulk and on a 2D substrate were successfully synthesized. Despite more challenges ahead, there is always hope for widespread ever-new applications for CNTs with the development of technology.

환경친화적인 무기/유기 Core-Shell의 제조에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Environmental Fraternized Preparation of Inorganic/organic Core-shell Binder)

  • 설수덕;임재길;임종민;권재범;이내우
    • 한국안전학회지
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.81-87
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    • 2004
  • Composite particles using inorganic and organic chemicals were synthesized and the results of those reaction were compared to variation of temperature and agitation speed in presence of $CaCO_3$ which was adsorbed SDBS. Also the synthesises were optimized according to conversion rate of composite particles. In inorganic/organic core-shell composite particle polymerization, $CaCO_3$ adsorbed by 0.5wt% surfactant SDBS was prepared initially and then core $CaCO_3$ was encapsulated by sequential emulsion polymerization using MMA at the addition of APS 3.16${\times}$$10^{-3}$mol/L to minimize the coagulated PMMA particle itself during MMA shell polymerization. Encapsulated PMMA on $CaCO_3$ as inorganic/organic core-shell particles was verified by FT-IR and DSC analysis. It was found that the $CaCO_3$ was very well encapsulated by PMMA as shell. The surfaces were distinctly found as spindle shape and broad particle distribution after capsulation.

몰리브덴의 용액화학 (Aqueous Chemistry of Molybdenum)

  • 이만승;최승훈
    • 자원리싸이클링
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    • 제27권4호
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    • pp.44-49
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    • 2018
  • 몰리브덴은 알칼리용액에서는 $MoO{_4}^{2-}$로 존재한다. 수용액의 pH 2와 6 사이의 범위에서는 $MoO{_4}^{2-}$와 수소이온간의 축중합반응에 의해 다양한 동종다중음이온이 형성된다. 몰리브덴용액의 pH가 2 이하의 범위에서는 동종다중양이온이 형성되나 무기산의 농도가 증가함에 따라 무기산의 음이온과 반응하여 이종다중음이온이 형성된다. pH 6 이하의 용액에서 몰리브덴의 농도분포는 몰리브덴과 무기산의 종류와 농도에 의존한다. 따라서 용매추출과 이온교환자료를 해석하기 위해서는 강산용액에서 몰리브덴 화학종을 규명할 필요가 있다.

New Unsymmetric Dinuclear Copper(II) Complexes of Trans-disubstituted Cyclam Derivatives: Spectral, Electrochemical, Magnetic, Catalytic, Antimicrobial, DNA Binding and Cleavage Studies

  • Prabu, R.;Vijayaraj, A.;Suresh, R.;Jagadish, L.;Kaviyarasan, V.;Narayanan, V.
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제32권5호
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    • pp.1669-1678
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    • 2011
  • Six new binuclear copper(II) complexes have been prepared by template condensation of the dialdehydes 1,8-[bis(3-formyl-2-hydroxy-5-methyl)benzyl]-l,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (PC-a) and 1,8-[bis(3-formyl-2-hydroxy-5-bromo)benzyl]-l,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (PC-b) with appropriate aliphatic diamines, and copper(II) perchlorate. The structural features of the complexes have been confirmed by elemental analysis, IR, UV-vis and mass spectra etc. The electrochemical behavior of all the copper(II) complexes show two irreversible one electron reduction process. The room temperature magnetic moment studies depict the presence of an antiferromagnetic interaction in the binuclear complexes. The catechol oxidation and hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenylphosphate were carried out by using the complexes as catalyst. The antimicrobial screening data show good results. The binding of the complexes to calf thymus DNA (CT DNA) has been investigated with absorption and emission spectroscopy. The complex [$Cu_2L^{1a}$] displays significant cleavage property of circular plasmid pBR322 DNA in to linear form. Spectral, electrochemical, magnetic and catalytic studies support the distortion of the copper ion geometry that arises as the macrocyclic ring size increases.

Deposition of Functional Organic and Inorganic Layer on the Cathode for the Improved Electrochemical Performance of Li-S Battery

  • Sohn, Hiesang
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • 제55권4호
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    • pp.483-489
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    • 2017
  • The loss of the sulfur cathode material through dissolution of the polysulfide into electrolyte causes a significant capacity reduction of the lithium-sulfur cell during the charge-discharge reaction, thereby debilitating the electrochemical performance of the cell. We addressed this problem by using a chemical and physical approach called reduction of polysulfide dissolution through direct coating functional inorganic (graphene oxide) or organic layer (polyethylene oxide) on electrode, since the deposition of external functional layer can chemically interact with polysulfide and physically prevent the leakage of lithium polysulfide out of the electrode. Through this approach, we obtained a composite electrode for a lithium-sulfur battery (sulfur: 60%) coated with uniform and thin external functional layers where the thin external layer was coated on the electrode by solution coating and drying by a subsequent heat treatment at low temperature (${\sim}80^{\circ}C$). The external functional layer, such as inorganic or organic layer, not only alleviates the dissolution of the polysulfide electrolyte during the charging/discharging through physical layer formation, but also makes a chemical interaction between the polysulfide and the functional layer. As-formed lithium-sulfur battery exhibits stable cycling electrochemical performance during charging and discharging at a reversible capacity of 700~1187 mAh/g at 0.1 C (1 C = 1675 mA/g) for 30 cycles or more.

Sol-Gel법에 의해 Spiropyran을 함유한 광 변색 코팅 막의 제조 (Preparation of Photochromic Coating Films Containing Spiropyran by Sol-Gel Method)

  • 정상혁;조경인;송기창
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • 제46권1호
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    • pp.112-117
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    • 2008
  • 1:1로 몰 비가 조절된 glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane(GPTMS)과 methyl triethoxysilane(MTES)을 출발물질로 하여 sol-gel법에 의해 유-무기 혼성 용액을 제조하였다. 이 용액에 spiropyran계 광 변색 염료를 ethylacetate(EA)에 용해시킨 용액을 혼합하여 광 변색 코팅 용액을 제조하였다. 그 후 기재인 polycarbonate 시트에 스핀 코팅 시키고 $100^{\circ}C$에서 2 h 동안 열 경화 시켜 광 변색 코팅 막을 제조하였다. 코팅 막은 UV 광을 조사함에 의해 가역적인 색변화를 보여주었다. 이때 코팅 막의 소색속도는 코팅 용액 중의 EA의 첨가량이 증가됨에 따라 증가하였다.

폴리아민 나노 복합체를 이용한 고분자-실리카 복합체 입자 합성 (Synthesis of Polymer-Silica Hybrid Particle by Using Polyamine Nano Complex)

  • 김동영;서준희;이병진;강경구;이창수
    • 청정기술
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.115-123
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    • 2021
  • 본 연구는 무기 실리카 껍질(shell)과 유기 고분자 코어(core)로 구성된 매우 균일한 유-무기 복합체 입자 제조의 방법에 관한 것이다. 먼저, 미세유체 기술을 이용하여 균일한 크기를 지니는 유기 고분자 코어 입자를 제조하였다. 코어 입자의 제조 과정에서 코어 입자의 제조 과정에서 광 경화성 유기 물질이 포함된 분산상과 연속상의 유속을 독립적으로 제어함으로써 균일한 액적을 형성하였다. 액적이 형성됨과 동시에, 미세유체 채널의 말단에서 자외선 조사에 의해 액적이 광중합 되어 코어 입자로 형성된다. 더불어, 폴리알릴아민 하이드로클로라이드(polyallylamine hydrochloride, PAH)와 인산 이온(phosphate ion)으로 구성된 나노 복합체는 최적화된 pH 조건에서 수소결합과 정전기적 인력 같은 강력한 상호작용을 통해 코어 입자에 코팅된다. 폴리아민 나노 복합체에 존재하는 PAH 주쇄의 아민 그룹들은 규산(silicic acid)의 축합(condensation) 반응을 촉매하여, 코어 입자 표면의 실리카 나노입자 성장을 시킬 수 있었다. 따라서, 본 방법을 통해 유기 코어에 무기 실리카 나노입자로 코팅된 유-무기 복합체 입자를 제조할 수 있었다. 최종적으로, 본 연구에서 제시한 방법은 보다 온화하며 환경친화적인 조건 하에서 단시간 내에 유-무기 복합체 입자를 합성할 수 있으며, 다양한 모양과 크기를 갖는 코어 입자에 적용되어 넓게 활용될 수 있다.

병원폐수의 전기화학적 처리시 무기응집제 주입 효과에 관한 연구 (Effect of Inorganic Coagulants on the Performance of Electro-Chemical Treatment Process Treating Hospital Wastewater)

  • 정승현;정병곤
    • 대한환경공학회지
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    • 제33권10호
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    • pp.709-716
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    • 2011
  • 전해질 농도가 낮은 병원폐수를 전기화학적으로 처리할 경우 무기응집제 주입 효과에 대해 고찰한 결과, 무기응집제 주입으로 전해질 농도가 높아져 병원폐수 내 유리염소의 농도의 증가로 유기물질의 간접산화효과가 증가하여 전류밀도 $1.76A/dm^2$, 반응시간 120분에서 무기응집제를 주입하지 않은 경우보다 COD 제거효율이 약 2배 향상되었다. 또한, 무기응집제에 의한 전해질의 증가로 HOCl과 같은 유리 잔류염소의 증가로 병원폐수 내의 클로라민이 질소로 전환되는 속도가 증가함에 따라 전류밀도 $1.76A/dm^2$, 반응시간 120분 및 응집제 주입량 700 ppm에서 T-N 제거율을 약 2배 향상시킬 수 있었다. 동일 조건에서 90% 이상의 높은 T-P 제거율을 얻을 수 있었는데, 이는 무기응집제에 의한 전해질의 증가로 양전극에서의 발생되는 용존산소에 의해 생성된 불용성 금속 화합물과 인산염의 화학적 흡착반응 속도가 증가하였기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 이상의 실험에서 전해질이 부족한 병원폐수의 전기화학적 처리시 무기응집제를 전해질로 첨가할 경우 유기물질 및 영양염 제거에 모두 매우 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.