• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2009

무기성 산업폐기물을 이용한 $CO_2$ 고형화 연구는 폐콘크리트 시멘트 미분말 등 무기성 산업폐부산물의 성분 중의 CaO 또는 MgO 성분과 지구온난화의 주범인 $CO_2$와 반응시켜 탄소를 안정적으로 고형화시켜 대기 중의 $CO_2$의 발생을 저감시키는 연구이다. 본 고에서는 산업 현장 및 도시에서 발생되는 $CO_2$의 대기 방출을 저감시킴과 동시에 산업폐부산물의 유효 자원화를 위한 $CO_2$ 고형화 연구의 국내외 기술 동향을 파악하고, 이를 통해 한국형 $CO_2$ 저감 및 활용 기술을 제시하고자 한다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2010

수용성 유기 및 무기성분은 대기 에어로졸 입자의 중요한 구성성분들이며 간접적으로 기후에 영향을 미치는 구름응결핵으로 작용한다. 유기 및 원소탄소(organic and elemental carbon, OC 및 EC) 및 수용성 유기탄소(water soluble OC, WSOC) 및 이온성분농도를 조사하기 위하여 광주지역에서 24시간 기준의 미세입자($PM_{2.5}$)를 측정하였다. 측정기간 중 $PM_{2.5}$ 수용성 분율의 주요성분인 WSOC, $NO_3^-$, $SO_4^{2-}$ 및 $NH_4^+$의 평균농도는 각각 2.11, 5.73, 3.51 및 $3.31{\mu}g/m^3$ 이었으며, $PM_{2.5}$ 농도의 12.0(2.9~23.9%), 21.0(12.9~37.6%), 11.6(2.5~25.9%), 및 11.7%(3.8~18.6%)를 차지하였다. 총 수용성 성분(유기+무기) 중 WSOC 화합물이 차지하는 분율은 평균 17.6%(5.4~35.9%)이었다. EC 추적자 기법을 이용해 평가한 2차 OC 및 WSOC 농도는 각각 평균적으로 0.78 및 $0.34{\mu}g/m^3$이었으며, 전체 OC 및 WSOC 중의 평균 17.9%(범위: 0~44.4%) 및 평균 11.2%(범위: 0~51.4%)를 차지하였다. 광주지역 겨울철에 측정한 $SO_4^{2-}$ 입자는 국지적인 기상산화반응보다는 장거리 이동 또는 수용액 변환과정에 의한 영향, 구름 내 변환과정 등이 황산염 입자 생성에 중요하게 작용했을 것으로 판단한다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2022년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.166-167
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• 2022

The International Energy Agency(IEA) recommends that intergovernmental agreements reduce CO2 emissions by 2050 to about 50% in 2005 in its report. To realize these demands, it is suggested to actively utilize energy efficiency improvement technology, renewable energy, nuclear power, carbon dioxide capture & storage technology (CCS). In the field of building materials and cement, mineral carbonization technology is widely used. Inorganic by-products applicable to greenhouse gas storage include waste concrete, slag, coal ash, and gypsum. If the Mineral Carbonation Act is used, it is expected that about 12 million tons of greenhouse gases can be immobilized every year. Greenhouse gas immobilization using cement hydrate can be immobilized by injecting carbon dioxide into the hydrated products C-S-H, and Ca(OH)2. In the case of immobilization through concrete carbonization, a carbon dioxide promotion test is used, which is often different from the actual carbon dioxide carbonization reaction. If the external carbon dioxide concentration is abnormally higher than the reality, it is thought that it will be different from the actual reaction. In this study, the carbonation phenomenon according to the concentration and identification of the carbon dioxide reaction mechanism of cement hydrate was to be considered.

• Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.2464-2467
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• 2018

Organic batteries are attractive alternatives to conventional inorganic batteries because of their low cost, biodegradation, and renewability, and their consequent environmental friendliness. We investigated the influence of carbon conductors and electrolytes in organic batteries using dilithium terephthalate ($Li_2C_8H_4O_4$). The synthesized dilithium terephthalate has well-grown crystallinity and non-uniform shaped particles without impurities. The dilithium terephthalate-based battery shows good electrochemical properties with a LiTFSI/TEGDME electrolyte and graphene as the carbon conductor in an organic electrode. The results are ascribed to the high lithium transference number of LiTFSI/TEGDME and the high electrical conductivity of graphene.

• Ocean Science Journal
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.195-208
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• 2008

This paper evaluates whether a thermodynamic ocean-carbon model can be used to predict the monthly mean global fields of the surface-water partial pressure of $CO_2$ ($pCO_{2SEA}$) from sea surface salinity (SSS), temperature (SST), and/or nitrate ($NO_3$) concentration using previously published regional total inorganic carbon ($C_T$) and total alkalinity ($A_T$) algorithms. The obtained $pCO_{2SEA}$ values and their amplitudes of seasonal variability are in good agreement with multi-year observations undertaken at the sites of the Bermuda Atlantic Timeseries Study (BATS) ($31^{\circ}50'N$, $60^{\circ}10'W$) and the Hawaiian Ocean Time-series (HOT) ($22^{\circ}45'N$, $158^{\circ}00'W$). By contrast, the empirical models predicted $C_T$ less accurately at the Kyodo western North Pacific Ocean Time-series (KNOT) site ($44^{\circ}N$, $155^{\circ}E$) than at the BATS and HOT sites, resulting in greater uncertainties in $pCO_{2SEA}$ predictions. Our analysis indicates that the previously published empirical $C_T$ and $A_T$ models provide reasonable predictions of seasonal variations in surface-water $pCO_{2SEA}$ within the (sub) tropical oceans based on changes in SSS and SST; however, in high-latitude oceans where ocean biology affects $C_T$ to a significant degree, improved $C_T$ algorithms are required to capture the full biological effect on $C_T$ with greater accuracy and in turn improve the accuracy of predictions of $pCO_{2SEA}$.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.5-11
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• 2016

Background: As the decomposition of lignocellulosic compounds is a rate-limiting stage in the nutrient mineralization from organic matters, elucidation of the changes in soil enzyme activity can provide insight into the nutrient dynamics and ecosystem functioning. The current study aimed to assess the effect of thinning intensities on soil conditions. Un-thinned control, 20 % thinning, and 30 % thinning treatments were applied to a Larix kaempferi forest, and total carbon and nitrogen, total carbon to total nitrogen ratio, extractable nutrients (inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, potassium), and enzyme activities (acid phosphatase, ${\beta}$-glucosidase, ${\beta}$-xylosidase, ${\beta}$-glucosaminidase) were investigated. Results: Total carbon and nitrogen concentrations were significantly increased in the 30 % thinning treatment, whereas both the 20 and 30 % thinning treatments did not change total carbon to total nitrogen ratio. Inorganic nitrogen and extractable calcium and magnesium concentrations were significantly increased in the 20 % thinning treatment; however, no significant changes were found for extractable phosphorus and potassium concentrations either in the 20 or the 30 % thinning treatment. However, the applied thinning intensities had no significant influences on acid phosphatase, ${\beta}$-glucosidase, ${\beta}$-xylosidase, and ${\beta}$-glucosaminidase activities. Conclusions: These results indicated that thinning can elevate soil organic matter quantity and nutrient availability, and different thinning intensities may affect extractable soil nutrients inconsistently. The results also demonstrated that such inconsistent patterns in extractable nutrient concentrations after thinning might not be fully explained by the shifts in the enzyme-mediated nutrient mineralization.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.40-48
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• 2009

Unusual bloom of toxic cyanobacteria in water bodies have drawn attention of environmentalists world over. Major bloom of Anabaena, Microcystis in water storage reservoir, rivers and lake leading to adverse health effects have been reported from Australia, England and many part of the world. These cyanobacterial cells can release intercellular matter like toxin in water and these intercellular matter can increase the concentration of organic matter. Cellysis can occur when algal cells meet the disinfectants like chlorine in water treatment plant and the resultant rising up of DOC(Dissolved Organic Carbon) or TOC(Total Organic Carbon) can increase the formation of disinfection by products. Disinfectants that kill microorganisms react with the organic or inorganic matter in raw water. In general disinfectants oxidize the matter in raw water and the resultant products can be harmful to human. There are always conflict about which is more important, disinfection or minimizing disinfection by products. The best treatment process for raw water is the process of the lowest disinfection by products and also the the lowest microorganism. In this study the cultured cells, Microcytis Aeruginosa(MA), Anabaena Flos-aquae(AF), Anabaena Cylindrica(AC), and the cells obtained in Daechung Dam(DC) whose dominant species was Anabaena Cylindrica were subjected to chlorination. Chlorination oxidizes inorganic and organic compounds and destruct live cells in raw water. Chloroform was analyzed for the cultured cells which were treated with $20mg/\ell$ dose of chlorine. In general chloroform is easily formed when dissolved organic matter react with chlorine. The cultured cells contributes the concentration of dissolved organic carbon and also that of total organic carbon which might be potent precusors of chloroform formed. The correlations of the concentration of chloroform, DOC and TOC were investigate in this study.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.398-400
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• 2009

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 2008년도 춘계 총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.134-137
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• 2008

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.76-80
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• 2008