• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.330-337
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• 1993

A bacterium, pathogenic to Nilaparvata lugens Stal. causing high mortality in 3~5 days, were selected and identified as Serratuz marcescens biotype A2a which is not a nosocomlally infective strain. In order to determine the characters of Serratia marcesce'1lS associated with insect pathogenicity, Tn5 mutagenesis was carried out by conjugating with E. coli pJB4J1. Transconjugants were plate-assayed for missing chitinase, protease and DNase activity. A protease negative mutant was selected for missing JOseet pathogenicity. SEM and TEM revealed the presence of bacterial cells in the epithelial tissue of inner abdomal tissue of the hypodermic layer of abdomen. Such a colonization was limmited to the subjacent tissue inside the intacL cuticular epidermis. These observation supported our result of pathogenicity tests of transconjugants.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.447-454
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• 2010

The defects of rail head induced by fatigue and deterioration are mainly classified by two types ; one occurred on the surface of rail head the another occurred on the inner rail head. This study performed the surface irregularity measurement of rail head according to the passing tonnage in the urban railway. Also, we carried out microscopic structure test, chemical component test and micro-hardness test for the specimen which is the used rail on metro line by accumulated passing tonnage. As a result of this study, for new rail, it should be performed initial grinding in order to remove 0.3mm of de-carbonized layer. The preventive-cyclic grinding for preventing RCF defects is proposed two options : grinding by the whole line and grinding by specified sections.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.39-43
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• 1998

The synthesis of steroid hormone starts from cholesterol. Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein(StAR) transfers cholesterol acutely from the outer mitochondrial membranes to the inner in the early step of steroidogenesis. Many kinds of steroid hormones are mainly synthesized in adrenal grand, ovary and testis. The purpose of this study is to determine the distribution of StAR mRNA in the rat ovary and adrenal gland and to confirm the functions of StAR in these organs. In the ovary, StAR mRNAs were strongly expressed in the corpus luteum, where progesterone is synthesized, and these were weakly expressed in the theca layer of follicles, where androgen is synthesized. However, StAR mRNAs were not detected in the estrogen producing granulosa cells of growing follicles. In the corpus luteum, StAR mRNAs were strongly loclized in the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis, where glucocorticoid is mainly synthesized. StAR mRNAs were weakly expressed in the zona gromerulosa, where mineralcorticoid is synthesized. StAR mRNAs were not detected in the adrenal medulla. In our results, StAR mRNAs were expressed differentially in the steroidogenic cells of ovary and adrenal gland according to the types of steroid hormones, and the statges of corpus luteum development. We conclude that StAR is involved in the steroidogenesis at the very early step of steroid synthesis cascade.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.13 no.3 s.40
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• pp.33-38
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• 2006

Aerosol slurry composed of dielectric materials, distilled water, and deflocculants was sprayed on the substrates, through a high-pressure spray gun as an aerosol. The coated layers were cofired together with $Al_{2}O_{3}$ substrates and green sheets on which the inner connectors were printed. Although the coating rate of coated layers strongly depended on slurry viscosity, spray shape, and the pressure of the spray gun, the coated density was not changed. Buried conductors were maintained as printed by high pressure spray coating method, because the pressing process was not used. At the optimum condition of air controller step 3-4 and slurry viscosity c.p 2000-4000, dense and uniform layers could be achieved. Comparing with conventional lamination process using green sheets, spray coating method enabled thin dielectric layers of $20{\sim}50{\mu}m$.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 1997

Semiconductive SrTiO3 ceramic bodies were prepared by conventional ceramic powder processes in-cluding sintering in a reducing atmosphere. Sodium or potassium ions were diffused from the surface of the sintered bodies into the inner region using thermal diffusion process at 800-120$0^{\circ}C$. The effects of such ther-mal treatments on the electrical and chemical characteristics of the grain boundaries were investigated. The presence of sodium or potassium ions at grain boundaries produces non-linear current-voltage behaviors, electrical boundary potential barriers of 0.1-0.2eV, and threshold voltages of 10-70V. The diffused ions form diffusion layers with thicknesses of 20-50nm near the grain boundaries, reducing the concentration of strontium and oxygen.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.37-44
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• 1999

A number of the retail and traditional market customer is decrease, whereas that of the supermarket in department-store customers in is increase. This case suggests that customers have a preference for much more comfortable and pleasant shopping places And making a resonable purchase in the supermarkets where we can find various goods and price zone, is now garden variety. It is a current course that once the manager ask an architect for multi-functional space design in department-store and then the architect compose a team and start to design. Of course, the team of planner thinking manage give the design team the basic material data such as commerce analysis and the use of each layer in the department store but, the design team solve the assignment by architectural form, functional space plan and the limited architecture law. After establishing general design for architecture, we can ask shopping-mall distribution, products display and interior design of the interior design general design for architecture, we can ask shopping-mall distribution, products display and interior design of the interior design team. so it is inevitable that the interior design team concerning M·D can find lots of complementary factors with architecture design. The purpose of this study is analyzing the differences of architecture design, which has to accept the limited law and interior design concerning M·D, satisfying the structure and the law in the future design for the department-store. Also the purpose of this thesis is suggestion the items architects and interior designers research into together to make the inner space ideally.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2013

Excellent electron transport properties with enhanced light scattering ability for light harvesting have made well-ordered one dimensional $TiO_2$ nanotube(TNT) arrays an alternative candidate over $TiO_2$ nanoparticles in the area of solar energy conversion applications. The principal drawback of TNT arrays being activated only by UV light has been addressed by coupling the TNT with secondary materials which are visible light-triggered. As well as extending the absorption region of sunlight, the introduction of these foreign components is also found to influence the charge separation and electron lifetime of TNT. In this study, a novel method to fabricate the TNT-based composite photoelectrodes employing visible responsive $CuInS_2$ (CIS) nanoparticles is presented. The developed method is a square wave pulse-assisted electrochemical deposition approach to wrap the inner and outer walls of a TNT array with CIS nanoparticles. Instead of coating as a dense compact layer of CIS by a conventional non-pulsed-electrochemical deposition method, the nanoparticles pack relatively loosely to form a rough surface which increases the surface area of the composite and results in a higher degree of light scattering within the tubular channels and hence a greater chance of absorption. The excellence coverage of CIS on the tubular $TiO_2$ allows the construction of an effective heterojunction that exhibits enhanced photoelectrochemical performance.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.119-127
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• 2001

FTIR spectroscopic study was undertaken on dickite and pyrophyllite with Si and Al cations in the far-infrared(Far-IR) and mid-infrared (Mid-IR) regions, respectively. Attempts were made to present bonding information and make assignments on the absorption bands of dickite in the Far-IR region. Dickites contain a small proportions or kaolinite or nacrite layers. FTIR can be used as a potential tool for characterizing the presence of mixed-layer with different polytypes of the kaolin minerals. There is no clear relationship between Hinckley index and crystallinity of dickite. Although pyrophyllite shows a strong OH stretching band at 3673-3676 $cm^{-1}$ / corresponding to an inner hydroxyl group, the weak band at $3645-3648 cm^{-1}$ seems to be due to the symmetric vibration if the symmetry of the structure is not ideal, probably due to the presence of trace Fe or mixture phases of 1Tc and 2M polytypes.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.46-54
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• 1996

A study on the concentrations of total suspended matters (TSM) and their distribution pattern was conducted off the west coast of Tae-An Peninsula during the spring season. Especially non-destructive and fine-tuned analysis for the size-distribution of suspended matters was made using SPECTREX instrument. Water masses were characterized by the typical tidal front, with vertically homogenous coastal waters and the strong thermoclines on the offshore area. Concentrations of suspended matters were generally less than 10 mg/l, but the concentrations increased up to 25 mg/l at the bottom waters and mid-depth waters. Mean particle size of the suspended matters were generally 5-6$\mu\textrm{m}$ and 8-10$\mu\textrm{m}$ for the fine-grained suspended matters and the coarse-grained suspended matters, respectively. They are considered to be composed dominantly of detrital materials. On the coastal area, landward side of tidal front, bottom sediments can be easily resuspended by the strong tidal currents, and therefore, deposition of suspended materials are thought to be rather limited. On the offshore area, however, suspended sediments mostly supplied from the northern part of the present study area near Kyunggi Bay are thought to be transported southward and/or southwestward along the mid- depth layer of strong thermocline.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

A lot of works have been dedicated to clarify the reasons why the establishment of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from pig is more difficult than that from mouse and human. Several concomitant factors such as culture condition including feeder layer, sensitivity of cell to cell contact, definitive markers of pluripotency for evaluation of the validity and optimal timing of derivation have been suggested as the disturbing factors in the establishment of porcine ESCs Traditionally, attempts to derive stem cells from porcine embryos have depend on protocols established for mouse ESCs using inner cell mass (ICM) for the isolation and culture. And more recently, protocols used for primate ESCs were also applied. However, there is no report for the establishment of porcine ESCs. Indeed, ungulate species including pigs have crucial developmental differences unlike rodents and primates. Here we will review recent studies about issues for establishment of porcine ESCs and discuss the promise and strategies focusing on the timing for derivation and pluripotent state of porcine ESCs.