• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1990.02a
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• pp.102-111
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• 1990

In this thesis, an optical bidirectional inner-product associative memory model using liquid crystal television is proposed and analyzed theoretically and realized experimentally. The LCTV is used as a SLM(spatial light modulator), which is more practical than conventional SLMs, to produce image vector in terms of computer and CCD camera. Memory and input vectors are recorded into each LCTV through the video input connectors of it by using the image board. Two multi-focus hololenses are constructed in order to perform optical inner-product process. In forward process, the analog values of inner-products are measured by photodetectors and are converted to digital values which are enable to control the weighting values of the stored vectors by changing the gray levels of the pixels of the LCTV. In backward process, changed stored vectors are used to produce output image vector which is used again for input vector after thresholding. After some iterations, one of the stored vectors is retrieved which is most similar to input vector in other words, has the nearest hamming distance. The experimental results show that the proposed inner-product associative memory model can be realized optically and coincide well with the computer simulation.

• Journal of Science of Art and Design
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• v.4
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• pp.67-90
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• 2002

What is the semantic function of visual image in Contemporary art? This article proposes that representation is semantically still important in post-modernism as well as in modernism. The semantic function of representation has been changed by keeping pace with times. In modernism the 'outer representation' changed to 'inner representation', and in postmodernism the 'inner representation' changed to 'metaphorical representation'. The 'outer representation' means that image indicates a certain object or subject as the classical realism. In this case, the meaning of image is subordinate to an object, and a one-to-one correspond existed between the image and the object. Because this 'outer representation' is focused on an object but subject's intention, the indicative function of meaning is definite and singular. The 'inner representation' means that image exposes the fundamentals or process of an object. In this case, the meaning of image resolves itself into an absolute fundamental, and one-to-many correspond existed between the image and the object. Because this 'inner representation' is focused on essence and substance but an external form, the indicative function of meaning is inclusive and general. The 'metaphorical representation' means that image critically relates social constraint and condition as metaphor and allegory. In this case, the meaning of image is not subordinate to an object and a subject, and the image and the object indicate interactively. Because this 'metaphorical representation' is focused on interaction between subject, object, and interpreter, the indicative function of meaning is differant and ecological. This article focused on the representation because I believe that continuous thinking of totality can be opened by cognitive mapping, even though we never understand the world totally in the chaotic post modern age.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.07d
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• pp.2521-2524
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• 2002

In this paper, We propose an Image processing algorithm for a paper-cup inner defect inspection. First, we devide a cup image to four sections considering the characteristic of a cup and filter noises limit by using the flood-fill algorithm and median filter. Second, to obtain the clearer inspection result of the edge point inner cup, We apply the sharpening convolution filer to the objected inspect the edge points by using the LOG edge detector. Third, executing sub-pixel operation with the orignal image, we find the defect parts in the cup. Finally, denoting the inspected defect parts as rectangular, we recompose the images of the defected ones.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.790-801
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• 2006

This study analyzed features of elements that compose a logo of inner wear brands to get the following results: First, it was found that "elegance" was the most frequently used word to express the concept of inner wear brands to be followed by words like dignity, high-end and aristocratic, words emphasizing femininity, such as feminine, romantic and sexy, words emphasizing practicality, such as convenient, practical, modern, functional and reasonable, and words emphasizing hygiene, such as clean, healthy and hygienic. This suggests that consumers nowadays pursue image more than functional aspects in the shopping of inner wear and consumers' pursuit of such values is reflected in the concept of inner wear brands. Second, unlike logos for outerwear brands that generally used initials of brand name, word-type logos for inner wear brands used the full name of brands, thus suggesting that they put more emphasis on delivery of information rather than on the symbolic aspect. In case of combining characters with concrete objects, they were found generally to use objects that give an soft, elegant and feminine image, such as flowers, woman's head and ribbons. Third, colors in the series of pink and red seemed to be used to convey the concept of inner wear brands that pursue such images as romanticism, femininity, elegance and sensibility, while colors in the series of blue, black and grey for such concepts as functionality, practicality, simplicity, health, hygiene and refinement. With reference to typeface used in the design of logos, unlike outerwear brands of which 83% use sans serif typeface for logos, relatively high percentage of inner wear was found to use typefaces of serif series to stress feminine flexibility and delicacy and give the image of elegance and classical tenderness. With reference to language used in logo naming for inner wear brands, 33 brands were found to use English and only three brands used Korean among the 36 brands surveyed. Even with inner wear brand logos that have Korean name, it was found that they used English in the use of logo marks. Like the result of previous studies, the result of this study indicates that methods to design brand logos for clothing should be incessantly sought in a way to build brand power as an important component to represent concept or function of brands and reinforce brand image.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.760-765
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• 2009

Since the features in object-images such as color and shape cannot clearly express the characteristic of objects, those features lead to vagueness of object-image recognition. Recently there have been studied on object-image recognition based on knowledge base in order to reduce the vagueness. However, because images are represented by numerical information but knowledge bases are represented by conceptual information, combining two kinds of information is difficult. In this paper, we compose knowledge base by using ontology to reduce the gap between the two kinds of information, and propose a method for object-image recognition to reduce the vagueness by using information on inner-object. Moreover, we confirm the usefulness of the proposed method through the experiments on object-image recognition in fruit domain.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.937-945
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• 2014

Multi-modal biometric system can use another biometric trait in the case of having deficiency at a biometric trait. It also has an advantage of improving the performance of personal identification by using multiple biometric traits, so studies on new biometric traits have continuously been performed. The inner face of finger is a relatively new biometric trait. It has two major features of knuckle lines and wrinkles, which can be used as discriminative features. This paper proposes a finger identification method based on displacement vector to effectively process some variation appeared in contactless hand image. At first, the proposed method produces displacement vectors, which are made by connecting corresponding points acquired by matching each pair of local block. It then recognize finger by measuring the similarity among all the detected displacement vectors. The experimental results using pubic CASIA hand image database show that the proposed method may be effectively applied to personal identification.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.258-266
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• 2002

This paper proposes the methodology of the image processing algorithm that estimates the pose of the inner-pipe crawling robot. The inner-pipe crawling robot is usually equipped with a lighting device and a camera on its head for monitoring and inspection purpose of defects on the pipe wall and/or the maintenance operation. The proposed methodology is using these devices without introducing the extra sensors and is based on the fact that the position and the intensity of the reflected light from the inner wall of the pipe vary with the robot posture and the camera. The proposed algorithm is divided into two parts, estimating the translation and rotation angle of the camera, followed by the actual pose estimation of the robot . Based on the fact that the vanishing point of the reflected light moves into the opposite direction from the camera rotation, the camera rotation angle can be estimated. And, based on the fact that the most bright parts of the reflected light moves into the same direction with the camera translation, the camera position most bright parts of the reflected light moves into the same direction with the camera translation, the camera position can be obtained. To investigate the performance of the algorithm, the algorithm is applied to a sewage maintenance robot.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.935-943
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• 1993

In this paper, robust recognition system for tilted facial image was developed. At first, standard facial image and lilted facial image are captured by CCTV camera and then transformed into binary image. The binary image is processed in order to obtain contour image by Laplacian edge operator. We trace and delete outermost edge line and use inner contour lines. We label four inner contour lines in order among the inner lines, and then we extract left and right eye with known distance relationship and with two eyes coordinates, and calculate slope information. At last, we rotate the tilted image in accordance with slope information and then calculate the ten distance features between element and element. In order to make the system invariant to image scale, we normalize these features with distance between left and righ eye. Experimental results show 88% recognition rate for twenty five face images when tilted degree is considered and 60% recognition rate when tilted degree is not considered.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2000

In this paper, a vision-based roadway detection algorithm for an automated vehicle control system, based on roadway sign information on roads, is proposed. First, in order to detect roadway signs, the color scene image is enhanced under hue-invariance. Fuzzy logic is employed to simplify the enhanced color image into a binary image and the binary image is morphologically filtered. Then, an effective algorithm of locating signs based on binary rank order transform (BROT) is utilized to extract signs from the image. This algorithm performs better than those previously presented. Finally, the inner shapes of roadway signs with curving roadway direction information are recognized by neural networks. Experimental results show that the new detection algorithm is simple and robust, and performs well on real sign detection. The results also show that the neural networks used can exactly recognize the inner shapes of signs even for very noisy shapes.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.44-60
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• 2017

This study is to understand the image of the Korean beauty and rewards to be gained by trying to be a beautiful person and to study differences according to demographic characteristics. It was studied with the purpose of industrializing beauty image and selling it to foreign countries. The survey questionnaire was distributed to Seoul and Kyeongkido. Respondents totaled 301. Collected data were analyzed with frequency analysis, factor analysis, $X^2$-test, and regression. Results are ; (1) The external image of Korean beauty emphasizes round face, white skin, big eyes, double eyelids, round head shape, early twenties, tall, low body weight, thin waist, long neck, long legs, and thin fingers. (2) The inner image of the Korean beauty emphasizes mature personality, social economic ability, but not housework, and cultural artistic ability. (3) Rewards gained by trying to be a beauty are psychological, actual, and social ones. (4) External face and body image of the beauty are different by demographic characteristics (sex, age, marital status, final education, monthly average income, religion). (5) The inner image of the beauty is different by age, final education, and monthly average income. (6) Rewards gained by trying to be a beauty are different by sex, age, final education, and monthly average income.