• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.120-128
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• 2020

In this study, solid capsules using crystal growth-type inorganic materials that can be directly mixed with mortar were prepared. Thus, three levels of solid capsules were prepared. The prepared solid capsule was mixed with 3% of the cement mass, was evaluated quality and crack healing properties of the mortar. As a test results of the table flow and air content of the mortar mixed with the solid capsules showed that mix of the solid capsules was no effect on the table flow and air volume. As a test result of the crack healing properties of the mortar mixed with the solid capsule according to water flow test and crack closing test, the initial flow rate was decreased, it was confirmed that the reaction product occurred over time and the cracks were healed.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.187-200
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• 1996

After loss of tooth, initial healing process is critical to preserve residual alveolar process. This study was conducted to compare the effect of hydroxylapatite particle synthetic graft and guided tissue regeneration procedure on healing of extraction wounds in 5 mongrel dogs. To investigate the maturity of bone and velocity of bone heating, bone-labeled tracers were used. After 16 weeks healing period, dogs were sacrificed. The specimens were treated with Villanueva bone stain. Fluorescence microscopy and polarized microscopy were performed to exam the pattern of bone formation in the extraction socket. The results were following ; 1. Pattern of bone regeneration in the group of hydroxylapatie graft and the group of membrane protection after hydroxylapatite graft was following ; bone regeneration was slow, regenerated bone was immature, and thickness of cortical layer was thin compare to that of untreated control group. 2. Cortical layers in membrane protected group were somewhat thicker but less condense to that of untreated control group. 3. Infiltration of inflammation cells were found in the groups using hydroxylapatite graft and membrane. We concluded that grafting of replamineform hydroxylapatite particles into the extraction socket delayed healing of the wound and disturbed the formation of cortical bone at the roof of extraction socket. The placement of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membranes on the extraction socket promotes the bone regeneration. But newly formed bone in cortical layer consists of the cortico-cancellous bone in comparison with the cortical bone of the control group.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.291-302
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• 2002

In most of the previous studies, invasive and discrete techniques have been used to monitor the healing process of the gingival graft. However, Laser Doppler Flowmetry(LDF, floLAB(R), Moor Instruments Ltd., England) is a non-invasive technique for measurement of blood flow in the tissue and also allows continuous monitoring. Thus, we tested the usefulness of LDF in monitoring the healing process of free gingival graft at gingival recession. Eleven gingival graft site of 7 patients, including 5 males and 2 females, aged between 21 and 41 years (mean age 28.5) were monitored for the blood flow. The blood flow in gingival graft at coronal site, central site, apical site, mesial site and distal site was measured using LDF. Blood flow was measured at 1- week, 2- week, 3- week and 4- week after gingival graft surgery from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. Time-course of the healing process was evaluated by statistical analysis using repeated ANOVA and Duncan test. The results were as follows : (1) Blood flow stayed increased for 2 weeks, and then, it was a tendency to decrease. (2) The blood flow at distal site had always higher than mesial site during the measuring periods. (3) The blood flow was high orderly after 1 week ; most coronal site, most apical site, central site. But that was high orderly after 2 week, 3 week, 4 week ; most coronal site, central site, most apical site. In conclusion, LDF was a useful and clinically adaptable method to monitor wound healing process. Our study suggested that it was important to protect surgical site to promote initial wound healing.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.247-251
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• 2010

This study compared the instrument performance and tissue healing of a steel scalpel with a $CO_2$ laser in an animal urinary bladder surgery model. Landrace and Yorkshire mixed breed pigs were used. Two symmetrical incisions were made in urinary bladder of each pig. One incision was made on the left side of ventral aspect on urinary bladder using a steel scalpel, while the other incision was performed on the right side using a $CO_2$ laser with an 8W output power. Each instrument was evaluated clinically for speed, ease of incision, and extent of bleeding. At 7 and 21 days after initial wounding, each wound was taken for histological observations. The scalpel was an easier instrument to use in the confines of the urinary bladder tissue, compared with the laser. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups. The amount of bleeding was less in the laser group but the time of the incisions was shorter with the scalpel. Scalpel incisions showed complete restoration of the epithelium and muscularis. On the other hand, the laser incisions showed incomplete restoration of the epithelium and muscularis. However, most of wound healing in the laser incisions was accomplished according to the time lapse. Although the scalpel produced less damage to the urinary bladder tissue and was easier to handle than the $CO_2$ laser, it did not provide hemostasis that was helpful for use on highly vascular tissue. The $CO_2$ laser provided good hemostasis, but delayed wound healing. In conclusion, the $CO_2$ laser provided better hemostasis and better surgical field than the scalpel. The $CO_2$ laser was used effectively in urinary bladder incision.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.112-115
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• 1997

While the cruciate ligament has a profuse vascular response following injury, spontaneous repair does not occur. This may result from the fact that synovial fluid dilution of the hematoma following injury prevents the formation of a fibrin clot and thus the initiation of the healing mechanism. Another theory suggests that the dynamic nature of the fascicles of the anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) through even small ranges of motion prohibits spontaneous union to these fibers. But we experienced two cases of spontaneous healing of partially injured ACL. Initially they showed more than grade II anterior instability. 6 mm difference by stress roentgenographs(pull view) and difference of 8 mm by KT 1000TM arthrometer between the ACL injured knee and normal side knee. Lax, nearly complete tear of ACL and synovial bleeding were noted during arthroscopic examination but the continuity of synovial membrane was seemed to be intact. These cases were treated by conservative management rather than reconstructive procedure. Postoperatively they showed excellent clinical results, no anterior instability and unlimited athletic activity. Based on our clinical experience. we think that cruciate ligament has the spontaneous healing potential in acute stage and middle aged patient. We consider the microfracture technique and initial immobilization for accelleration of healing response of the ACL.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.752-756
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• 2014

This study investigated the effects of changes to the pulsation factor of pulsed direct currents on wound healing. Patients with a pressure ulcer at a care hospital for the elderly were randomly divided into three groups: Group 1 involved the application of $100{\mu}s$ in pulse duration, 10 ms in pulse period, 100 pps in a pulsation factor, 15 mA in pulse amplitude, and polarity red+ by using pulsed direct currents; Group 2 involved a change of pulse period to 8 ms; and Group 3 received general wound management. Although there were no statistically significant differences in the changing stages of pressure ulcers among the groups, all the groups dropped in numerical stages. In the two groups to which pulsed direct currents were applied, there was a statistically significant reduction in the stages of pressure ulcers from the initial assessment to the 12-week assessment (p<.05). Even though there were no statistically significant differences in changes to the area of pressure ulcers among the groups, a statistically significant decrease was found in pulsed direct current group 2 whose pulse period was shortened (p<.05). There was no difference in the healing rate of pressure ulcers among the groups, but it made a numerical increase in pulsed direct current group 1 and group 2 and a numerical decrease in group 3. There were no significant differences in the characteristics of those who had a full recovery among the groups. Those findings indicate that pulsed direct currents have positive effects on the wound healing of patients with a pressure ulcer and that a treatment with pulsed direct currents whose pulsation factor is raised by reducing the pulse duration is especially effective.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.131-138
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of resorbable plate in the healing process of mandibular fracture. Reduction and rigid fixation was carried out on the artificial mandibular fracture site of the rabbits, using a resorbable screw, 1.5mm in diameter and 4.0mm in length, and an absorbable plate 1.5mm in thickness(Lactosorb$^{(R)}$). En block tissue specimens with plate were taken from the rabbits at 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks intervals and specimen were observed with light microscope under the hematoxylin-eosin staining, to observe the inflammatory reaction and tissue healing process. The following conclusions were drawn: 1. The subject displayed good healing with no signs of detachment of the fixation plate. 2. At 4 weeks, the plate was covered by the connective tissue. Then at 6 weeks, bone regeneration was discovered around the plate. 3. During the period of healing, no inflammatory reaction or foreign body reaction, as a result of using resorbable plate, were observed. 4. At 8 weeks, the initial phase of the absorption of the plate was observed. Then at 10 weeks, macrophage were observed around the plate, indicating the absorption phase was in process. From the above results, it can be determined that when the resorbable plate is applied to rabbit, full recuperation occurs naturally in the absence of inflammatory reaction and foreign body reaction. The selected study is clinically valuable in proving this procedure.

• Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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• v.67
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• pp.365-372
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• 2018

Wounds that heal with excessive scar formation result in poor functional and aesthetic outcomes. To address this, in our study, visible light cured glycol chitosan (GCH) hydrogels containing endothelial growth factor (EGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were prepared (GCH-EGF, GCH-FGF and GCH-EGF/FGF) and evaluated their efficacies on the improvement of wound healing in vivo. In vitro release test showed that the growth factors were released in a sustained manner along with initial burst for 24 h. In vitro cell proliferation assay of L-929 mouse fibroblast cell line resulted in the superior ability of GCH-EGF/FGF on the rate. In vivo results demonstrated that the growth factor loaded GCHs further enhanced wound healing compared with GCH. In particular, GCH-EGF/EFG showed the most remarkable wound healing effect among the samples.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.415-433
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• 1999

Implant stability is the key to long-term successful outcome for osseointegrated implants. To evaluate the initial healing response of bone around HA-coated implants without primary bone contact. 21 HA-coated thread type implants(STERI-OSS?) were placed in the femurs of 5 mongrel dogs, about 1-year old. Implants, 8 mm in length and 3.8mm(experimental 1group), 5.0mm(experimental 2group) and 6.0mm(control group) in diameter, were inserted after 3 holes of 6.0mm in diameter and 10mm in depth were prepared in the surgical sites each dog. Implants were supported by only nonresorbable membrane($Teflon^{(R)}$), in order to prevent the ingrowth of upper soft tissue into the gap between bone and implant, and to maintain each implant to be positioned in the center of the drilled hole. 9 implants with different diameters were inserted in 3 dogs for histologic observation, and 12 implants were inserted in 2 dogs for mobility test and removal torque test. Fluorescent dyes were injected for the observation of new bone formation in order of $Terramycin^{(R)}$, Arizarin $Red^{(R)}$, and $Calcein^{(R)}$ at an interval of 2 weeks. 3 dogs were sacrificed for histologic observation at 4, 8, and 12-week after placement. Light microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used to qualitatively characterize the bone around HA-coated implant. 2 dogs were sacrificed for mobility test($Periotest^{(R)}$, Simens AG, Bensheim, Germany) and removal torque test($Autograph^{(R)}$ AGS-1000D series, Japan) at 8 and 12-week after placement The results were as follows: 1. Histologic observation showed that osseointegration occurred to both control and experimental groups as time lapse, but delayed bone healing was revealed in 3.8mm group (experimental 1group), compared to contrtol group and 5.0mm group (experimental 2group). 2. The mobility test showed that the experimental groups had no distinguishable movement during experimental periods of 8 and 12-week, and there was no difference in mobility depending on the gap between bone and implant, and time lapse. 3. The removal torque forces were increased depended on the gaps decreasing between bone and implant, and time lapse. The results suggest that HA-coated implant without primary bone contact, based on guided bone regeneration could obtain its stability in all experimental groups as time lapse, but bone healing was delayed in experimental group of 3.8mm. And the results suggested that studies on correlationship between mobility test and removal torque test for implant stability would be necessary.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.126-131
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• 2014

Among dental traumas, horizontal root fractures are relatively uncommon injuries. Proper initial management and periodical evaluation is essential for the successful treatment of a root-fractured tooth. If pulpal necrosis develops, endodontic treatment is indicated, exclusively for the coronal fragment. Fragment diastases exert a great influence on healing at the fracture line and on pulpal necrosis. An adequately treated root-fractured tooth has a good prognosis. This case report describes the treatment and 2-yr follow up of 3 maxillary central incisors, first with horizontal root fracture, second with horizontal root fracture and avulsion, and third with horizontal root fracture and lateral luxation. All three cases were treated with mineral trioxide aggregate (ProRoot, Dentsply). During 2 yr of follow-up evaluation, the root-fractured teeth of the present patients were well retained in the arch, showing periodontal healing, even after endodontic treatment.