• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.36 no.3 s.142
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• pp.245-251
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• 2005

Phytochemical examination of the barks of Actinidia arguta led to the isolation of five flavonoids. Structures of compounds were elucidated as catechin (1), (-)-epicatechin (2), quercetin (3), $quercetin-3-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (4), $quercetin-3-O-{\beta}-D-galactopyranoside$ (5) by comparison with previously reported spectral evidences. To investigate the anti-oxidative effect and nitric oxide (NO) production inhibitory activity of these compounds, DPPH radical scavenging activity and nitric oxide production inhibitory activity in $IFN-{\gamma}$, LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cell were examined. The $IC_{50}s$ were determinied as follows : $1\;$IC_{50}=26.61\;{\mu}g/ml$, $2\;IC_{50}=25.30\;{\mu}g/ml$, $3\;IC_{50}=20.41\;{\mu}g/ml$, $4\;IC_{50}=18.23\;{\mu}g/ml$ , $5\;IC_{50}=30.46\;{\mu}g/ml$, $6\;IC_{50}=28.0;{\mu}g/ml$, $7\;IC_{50}=27.24\;{\mu}/ml$. These NO production inhibitory effects were significantly different compared with the positive control, L-NMMA $(IC_{50}=20.77\;{\mu}g/ml)$, respectively. Compound $1\;(IC_{50}=6.19\;{\mu}g/ml)$, $2\;(IC_{50}=8.98\;{\mu}g/ml)$, $3\;(IC_{50}=7.30\;{\mu}g/ml)$ and $4\;(IC_{50}=7.64\;{\mu}g/ml)$ also showed potent antioxidative activities similar level to ascorbic acid $(IC_{50}=9.22\;{\mu}g/ml)$. These results suggest that barks of A. arguta have a potent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activity.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.493-497
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• 2002

The polyphenol compounds of Korea ginseng radix were extracted with 60% acetone for 4 days at room temperature and purified using Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, MCI gel column chromatography, Bondapak $C_{18}$, column chromatography, TLC and HPLC. As a result in three compounds were isolated from Korean ginseng. In the inhibitory activities of angiotensin converting enzyme, compound Ⅱ showed the highest value of 31.86% inhibition at 157 ppm. Compound I showed 19.4% inhibition at 157 ppm. In the inhibitory activities of xanthine oxidase, compound I, II showed complete inhibition at 666 ppm but compound III didn't have inhibitory activity. In the inhibitory activities of tyrosninase, compound III showed 6.1% inhibition at 300 ppm and 28.6% at 400 ppm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.479-488
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• 2008

Some biological activities such as an electron donating capacity, the contents of total polyphenol compounds and flavonoids, fibrinolytic activity and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity have been detected in hot water extracts of Ligularia fischeri and Angelica gigas Nakai. To increase the usefulness of the functional ingredients for prevention and improvement of some metabolic disorders, ethanol-treated hot water extracts of Angelica gigas Nakai were prepared. A hot water extract of Ligularia fischeri has 92% of electron donating capacity, 39.4 mg/g of total polyphenol compounds, 24.8 mg/g of flavonoids and 29.8% of $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity, but no fibrinolytic activity. A hot water extract of Angelica gigas Nakai has 94.7% of electron donating capacity, 5.8 mg/g of total polyphenol compounds, 2.6 mg/g of flavonoids, 0.48 plasmin units of fibrinolytic activity and no $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity. However, with partial purification using cold ethanol treatment, the $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Angelica gigas Nakai was increased to 70.5%. Thus, we expected a more useful effect with the use of the addition of a cold ethanol-treated Angelica gigas Nakai extract. The L, b values of cold buckwheat noodles using a mixture of 0$\sim$3% of Ligularia fischeri powder and 0.5% of an ethanol-treated hot water extract of Angelica gigas Nakai were decreased with the addition of an increasing amount of Ligularia fischeri powder. Among the mechanical qualities, only adhesiveness was significantly higher in 3% Ligularia fischeri noodles. From sensory evaluation data, it was determined that these two functional ingredients did not ruin the color, texture, and overall acceptance of the cold buckwheat noodles. A higher amount of the extracts improved the quality of the product with little added cost.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.183-190
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was the purification and characterization of an angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide purified from enzymatic hydrolysates of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss muscle. After removal of lipid, the approximate composition analysis of the rainbow trout revealed 24.4%, 1.7%, and 68.3% for protein, lipid, and moisture, respectively. Among six hydrolysates, the peptic hydrolysate exhibited the highest ACE inhibitory activity. We attempted to purify ACE inhibitory peptides from peptic hydrolysate using high performance liquid chromatography on an ODS column. The $IC_{50}$ value of purified ACE inhibitory peptide was $63.9{\mu}M$. The amino acid sequence of the peptide was identified as Lys-Val-Asn-Gly-Pro-Ala-Met-Ser-Pro-Asn-Ala-Asn, with a molecular weight of 1,220 Da, and the Lineweaver-Burk plots suggested that they act as a competitive inhibitor against ACE. Our study suggested that novel ACE inhibitory peptides purified from rainbow trout muscle protein may be beneficial as anti-hypertension compounds in functional foods.

• 대한임상약리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.99-99
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.238.2-238.2
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• 2001

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.316-320
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• 2008

Ten compounds, (+)-pinoresinol (1), (-)-balanophonin (2), gallicin (3), vanillin (4), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (5), coniferaldehyde (6), betulinic acid (7), ursolic acid (8), 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (9), and malic acid (10), were isolated from a EtOAc-soluble fraction of the seeds of Cornus officinalis. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods as well as by comparison with reported values. Compounds 1, 2, and 4-7 were isolated from this species for the first time. All the isolates (1-10) were subjected to an in vitro bioassay to evaluate their inhibitory activity against advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation. Among these, compounds 2 and 3 showed the significant inhibitory activity on AGEs formation with $IC_{50}$ values of 27.81 and 18.04${\mu}M$, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.150-154
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• 2009

We examined ethanol extracts prepared from the Korean marine algae belonging to the Sargassaceae family for their inhibitory effects on ${\alpha}$-glucosidase activity and free radicals in vitro. Among five marine algae, the extracts of Sargassum yezoense were found to possess strongly ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition and free radicals scavenging activities. Two compounds were isolated via bioactivity guided isolation and tested for their effects on ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, DPPH, $ABTS^{+}$ and $Photochem^{(R)}$ analysis. Their chemical structures were elucidated by spectral analysis and direct comparison with authentic compounds; their structures were identified as sargaquinoic acid (1) and sargahydroquinoic acid (2). The inhibitory effects of compound 1 and 2 ($IC_{50}$ value:14.2 and 12.8 ${\mu}M$, respectively) on ${\alpha}$-glucosidase were more potent that of deoxynojirimycin as a positive control ($IC_{50}$ value:18.0 ${\mu}M$). All compounds displayed antioxidative activity which was measured by DPPH, $ABTS^{+}$ and $Photochem^{(R)}$ apparatus.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.1226-1232
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• 2004

Extracts from seventeen seaweeds were determined for tyrosinase inhibitory activity using mushroom tyrosinase with L-tyrosine as a substrate. Only one of them, Ecklonia stolonifera OKAMURA (Laminariaceae) belonging to brown algae, showed high tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the active ethyl acetate (EtOAc) soluble fraction from the methanolic extract of E. stolonifera, led us to the isolation of phloroglucinol derivatives [phloroglucinol (1), eckstolonol (2), eckol (3), phlorofucofuroeckol A (4), and dieckol (5)]. Compounds 1~5 were found to inhibit the oxidation of L-tyrosine catalyzed by mushroom tyrosinase with $IC_{50}$ values of 92.8, 126, 33.2, 177, and 2.16 ${\mu}g$ /mL, respectively. It was compared with those of kojic acid and arbutin, well-known tyrosinase inhibitors, with $IC_{50}$ values of 6.32 and 112 ${\mu}g$ / mL, respectively. The inhibitory kinetics analyzed from Lineweaver-Burk plots, showed compounds 1 and 2 to be competitive inhibitors with $K_i$ of $2.3{\times}10^{-4}\;and\;3.1{times}10^{-4}$ M, and compounds 3~5 to be noncompetitive inhibitors with $K_i$ of $1.9{\times}10^{-5},\;1.4{\times}10^{-3}\;and\;1.5{\times}10^{-5}$ M, respectively. This work showed that phloroglucinol derivatives, natural compounds found in brown algae, could be involved in the control of pigmentation in plants and other organisms through inhibition of tyrosinase activity using L-tyrosine as a substrate.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.177-179
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• 2005

Nine known diarylheptanoids (1-9) isolated from the barks of Alnus japonica were evaluated for their inhibitory activities on nitric oxide (NO) and prostagrandin $E_2$ (COX-2) production in interferon-${\gamma}$ (INF-${\gamma}$) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 cells in vitro. The NO and COX-2 levels were moderately reduced by the addition of compounds (1-9). Among these compounds, compounds 6 and 8 inhibited NO production in a dose dependent manner with an $IC_{50}$ of 16.7 and $27.2\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively (positive control, L-NMMA; $22.8\;{\mu}g/mL$), and compounds 6, 7, 8, and 9 reduced the COX-2 level in a dose dependent manner with an $IC_{50}$ of 20.7, 25.7, 25.0, and $27.3\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively (positive control, indomethacin; $26.2\;{\mu}g/mL$). An analysis of the structural activity relationship among these diarylheptanoids suggests that the presence of a keto-enol group in the heptane moiety or a caffeoyl group in the aromatic ring were important for the efficacy on the inhibitory activities of NO and COX-2 production.