• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.690-697
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• 2016

EOIS(electro-optical imaging system) is the main target of the laser weapon. Specially, the image sensor will be vulnerable because EOIS focuses the incident laser beam onto the image sensor. Accordingly, the laser-induced damage of the image sensor needs to be identified for the counter-measure against the laser attack. In this study, the laser-induced damage of the CCD image sensor irradiated by the CW(continuous wave) NIR(near infrared) laser was experimentally investigated and mechanisms of those damage occurrences were analyzed. In the experiment, the near infrared CW fiber laser was used as a laser source. As the fluence, which is the product of the irradiance and the irradiation time, increased, the permanent damages such as discoloration and breakdown appeared sequentially. The discoloration occurred when the color filter was damaged and then the breakdown occurred when the photodiode and substrate were damaged. From the experimental results, LIDTs(laser-induced damage thresholds) of damages were roughly determined.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.550-558
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• 2013

The infrared and visible images are represented by different information due to the different wavelength of the light. The infrared image has thermal information and the visible image has texture information. Desirable results are obtained by fusing infrared and visible information. To enhance a visible image, we extract a weight map from a visible image using saturation, brightness. After that, the weight map is adjusted using thermal information in the infrared image. Finally, an enhanced image is resulted from combining an infrared image and a visible image. Our experiment results show that our proposed algorithm is working well to enhance the smoke in the original image.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.27-33
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• 2022

The small infrared image homing sensor is the eye of a guided weapon that has an infrared image sensor that identifies a target on the ground through day and night infrared image processing and searches, detects, and tracks the target. Inside the guided weapon since the power supply and communication line are used together with various components, the part against electromagnetic wave interference is very important. In particular, the effect of CE (Conducted Emission) through the power and communication lines connected by cables is very important. Through this method, it is possible to directly affect other components of the guided weapon. In this paper, the EMI filter and cable design for avoiding electromagnetic interference to the power input through the cable and the communication line are described. Also, the designed EMI filter is manufactured After the CE102 test of MIL-STD-461G, design satisfaction will be explained.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.342-349
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• 2010

This paper is a foundation work in developing a software for generating infrared images from a scene with various objects. The spectral radiance received by a remote sensor is consisted of the self-emitted, reflected and scattered components. In general, the self-emitted component is the most important part for generating Infrared signatures from the object. In this paper, the infrared image generation considering various surface temperature and optical surface property of a flat plate is demonstrated in MWIR($3{\sim}5{\mu}m$) and LWIR($8{\sim}12{\mu}m$) regions for different spatial resolutions of the images. Resulting spectral radiance values in the MWIR($3{\sim}5{\mu}m$) and LWIR($8{\sim}12{\mu}m$) regions arrived at the infrared sensor are compared numerically and graphically by recognizing that they are strongly dependent on the surface conditions such as the surface temperature and the surface emissivity. And these infrared images are also shown to be strongly dependent on the resolutions of the infrared imaging devices as well. This study reveals that the surface conditions are more dependent on the radiance level from the surface while the resolution of the imaging device is more responsible for identifying the shape of object.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.71-91
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• 2018

In recent years, application of UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) to seed sowing and pest control has been actively carried out in the field of agriculture. In this study, UAS(Unmanned Aerial System) is constructed by combining image sensor of various wavelength band and SfM((Structure from Motion) based image analysis technique in UAV. Utilization of UAS based vegetation survey was investigated and the applicability of precision farming was examined. For this purposes, a UAS consisting of a combination of a VIS_RGB(Visible Red, Green, and Blue) image sensor, a modified BG_NIR(Blue Green_Near Infrared Red) image sensor, and a TIR(Thermal Infrared Red) sensor with a wide bandwidth of $7.5{\mu}m$ to $13.5{\mu}m$ was constructed for a low cost UAV. In addition, a total of ten vegetation indices were selected to investigate the chlorophyll, nitrogen and water contents of plants with visible, near infrared, and infrared wavelength's image sensors. The images of each wavelength band for the test area were analyzed and the correlation between the distribution of vegetation index and the vegetation index were compared with status of the previously surveyed vegetation and ground cover. The ability to perform vegetation state detection using images obtained by mounting multiple image sensors on low cost UAV was investigated. As the utility of UAS equipped with VIS_RGB, BG_NIR and TIR image sensors on the low cost UAV has proven to be more economical and efficient than previous vegetation survey methods that depend on satellites and aerial images, is expected to be used in areas such as precision agriculture, water and forest research.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.499-500
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• 2006

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.200-206
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• 2023

Near-infrared (NIR) sensing technology using CMOS image sensors is used in many applications, including automobiles, biological inspection, surveillance, and mobile devices. An intuitive way to improve NIR sensitivity is to thicken the light absorption layer (silicon). However, thickened silicon lacks NIR sensitivity and has other disadvantages, such as diminished optical performance (e.g. crosstalk) and difficulty in processing. In this paper, a pixel structure for NIR sensing using a stacked CMOS image sensor is introduced. There are two photodetection layers, a conventional layer and a bottom photodiode, in the stacked CMOS image sensor. The bottom photodiode is used as the NIR absorption layer. Therefore, the suggested pixel structure does not change the thickness of the conventional photodiode. To verify the suggested pixel structure, sensitivity was simulated using an optical simulator. As a result, the sensitivity was improved by a maximum of 130% and 160% at wavelengths of 850 nm and 940 nm, respectively, with a pixel size of 1.2 ㎛. Therefore, the proposed pixel structure is useful for NIR sensing without thickening the silicon.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.357-361
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• 2018

This paper presents an averaging current adjustment technique for reducing the pixel resistance variation in a bolometer-type uncooled infrared image sensor. Each unit pixel was composed of an active pixel, a reference pixel for the averaging current adjustment technique, and a calibration circuit. The reference pixel was integrated with a polysilicon resistor using a standard complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process, and the active pixel was applied from outside of the chip. The averaging current adjustment technique was designed by using the reference pixel. The entire circuit was implemented on a chip that was composed of a reference pixel array for the averaging current adjustment technique, a calibration circuit, and readout circuits. The proposed reference pixel array for the averaging current adjustment technique, calibration circuit, and readout circuit were designed and fabricated by a $0.35-{\mu}m$ standard CMOS process.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.16-23
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• 2011

Muzzle flash based on gunnery is the target that has huge energy. So, gunnery target in a long range over xx km is distinguishable in the IR(infrared) images, on the other hand, is not distinguishable in the CCD images. In this paper, we propose the classification method of gunnery targets in a infrared images and in a long range. The energy from gunnery have an effect on varous pixel values in infrared images as a property of infrared image sensor, distance, and atmosphere, etc. For this reason, it is difficult to classify gunnery targets using pixel values in infrared images. In proposed method, we take the profile of pixel values using high performance infrared sensor, and classify gunnery targets using modeling GMM and shape of profile. we experiment on the proposed method with infrared images in the ground and aviation. In experimental result, the proposed method provides about 93% classification rate.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.524-531
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose an automatic image registration method for multi-sensor image fusion such as visible and infrared images. The registration is achieved by finding corresponding feature points in both input images. In general, the global statistical correlation is not guaranteed between multi-sensor images, which bring out difficulties on the image registration for multi-sensor images. To cope with this problem, mutual information is adopted to measure correspondence of features and to select faithful points. An update algorithm for projective transform is also proposed. Experimental results show that the proposed method provides robust and accurate registration results.