• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2019

With the emergence of new ICT technologies, information security threats are becoming more advanced, intelligent, and diverse. Even though the awareness of the importance of information security increases, the information security budget is not enough because of the lack of effectiveness measurement of the information security investment. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the information security investment in each business environment to minimize the cost of operating the information security countermeasures and mitigate the damages occurred from the information security breaches. In this paper, using genetic algorithms we propose an investment optimization model for information security countermeasures with the limited budget. The optimal information security countermeasures were derived based on the actual information security investment status of SMEs. The optimal solution supports the decision on the appropriate investment level for each information security countermeasures.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.139-152
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• 2008

Recently organizations identify information security as one of essential means for gaining competitive advantage. However, they do not actively increase investment in this area because they consider spending for information security as a cost rather than an investment. This is because organizations don't have a clear understanding of information security objectives which can be achieved through investment, and they don't have criteria for alternatives which can be considered in information security investment decision-making. In this paper we propose to model the decision-making process of information security investment by the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). The results will show that availability is the most important criterion for the decision of information security alternatives, and intrusion detection is the most important information security alternative. We hope that the results of this paper provide a guideline for clear decision-making in information security investment.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.33-45
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• 2018

Recently, many South Korean firms have suffered financial losses and damaged corporate images from the data breaches. Accordingly, a firm should manage their IT assets securely through an information security investment. However, the difficulty of measuring the return on an information security investment is one of the critical obstacles for firms in making such investment decisions. There have been a number of studies on the effect of IT investment so far, but there are few researches on information security investment. In this paper, based on a sample of 76 investment announcements of firms whose stocks are publicly traded in the South Korea's stock market between 2001 and 2017, we examines the market reaction to information security investment by using event study methodology. The results of the main effects indicate that self-developed is significantly related to cumulative average abnormal returns (CAARs), while no significant effect was observed for discloser, investment characteristics and firm characteristics. In addition, we find that the market reacts more favorably to the news announced by the subject of investment than the vendor, in case of investments with commercial exploitation. One of main contributions in our study is that it has revealed the factors affecting the market reaction to announcement of information security investment. It is also expected that, in practice, corporate executives will be able to help make an information security investment decision.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.37-50
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• 2020

사물 인터넷, 빅데이터, 클라우드, 인공지능 등 다양한 정보통신기술이 발전하면서, 정보보호의 대상이 증가하고있다. 정보통신기술의 발전에 비례해서 정보보호의 필요성이 확대되고 있지만, 정보보호 투자에 대한 관심은 저조한 상황이다. 일반적으로 정보보호와 관련된 투자는 효과를 측정하기 어렵기 때문에 적절한 투자가 이루어지지 않고 있으며, 대부분의 조직은 투자 규모를 줄이고 있다. 또한 정보보호 대책의 종류와 특성이 다양하기 때문에 객관적인 비교와 평가가 힘들고, 객관적인 의사결정 방법이 부족한 실정이다. 하지만 조직의 발전을 위해서는 정보보호와 관련된 정책과 의사결정이 필수적이며 적정 수준의 투자와 이에 대한 투자 효과를 측정 할 필요가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 게임 이론을 이용하여 정보보호 대책 투자 포트폴리오를 구성하는 방법을 제안하고 선형계획법을 이용하여 최적 방어 확률을 도출한다. 2인 게임 모형을 이용하여 정보보호 담당자와 공격자를 게임의 경기자로 구성한 뒤, 정보보호 대책을 정보보호 담당자의 전략으로, 정보보호 위협을 공격자의 전략으로 각각 설정한다. 게임 모형은 경기자의 보수의 합이 0인 제로섬 게임을 가정하고, 여러개의 전략 사이에서 일정한 확률 분포에 따라 전략을 선택하는 혼합 전략 게임의 해를 도출한다. 여러 종류의 위협이 존재하는 현실에서는 한 개의 정보보호 대책만으로 일정 수준 이상의 방어가 힘들기 때문에, 다수의 정보보호 대책을 고려해야한다. 따라서 다수의 정보보호 위협에 따른 정보보호 대책이 배치된 환경에서 정보보호 대책의 방어 비율을 이용하여 정보보호 대책 투자 포트폴리오를 산출한다. 또한 최적화된 포트폴리오를 이용하여 방어 확률을 최대화하는 게임 값을 도출한다. 마지막으로 정보보호 대책의 실제 성능 데이터를 이용하여 수치 예제를 구성하고, 제안한 게임 모델을 적용하고 평가한다. 본 연구에서 제시한 최적화 모델을 이용하면 조직의 정보보호 담당자는 정보보호 대책의 방어 비율을 고려하여 정보보호 대책의 투자 가중치를 구할 수 있고, 효과적인 투자 포트폴리오를 구성하여 최적의 방어 확률을 도출 할 수 있을 것이다.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.39-55
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• 2019

Although Firms have been increasing their information security significantly to handle increased security risks, the effects of information security were not well understood. This study aims to investigate the market value of information security by employing the event study methodology. Our research also explores how market responses vary depending on the type of information security announcements. We collected 177 firm-level information security announcements between 2001 and 2017 in South Korea. For all samples, our results indicate that the stock market positively reacts to information security announcements. We also conducted subsample analysis and found that while information security certification announcement has a positive impact on the stock market, information security activities (e.g. award, information security system) announcement had no impact on the stock market. Our study adopted a novel approach (i.e. event study) for investigating the effects of information security and found that information security investment positively affects firm value. Our results allow managers to measure the effects of information security investment and help them make right decisions on information security investment.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.73-86
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to examine a security investment for firms experienced in confidential information leak. Information security is an apparatus for protection of secret information. The competence of information security is a competitiveness to avoid information leakage in changing business environment. The type of information security is divided into administrative security, technical security and physical security. It is necessary to improve the incident correspondence competence through information security investment of the three types. Therefore, the investment of information security is to enhance information-asset protection of firms. To reinforce accident response competence, an organization discussed an establishment, security technology development, expand investment and legal system of the security system. I have studied empirically targeting the only information leak of firms. This data is a technical security competence and technology leakage situation of firms happened in 2010. During recovery of the DDos virus damage on countries, company and individual, the collected data signify a reality of information security. The data also identify a security competence of firms worrying information security management. According to the study, the continuous investment of information security has a high competence of accident correspondence. In addition, the most of security accidents showed a copy and stealing of paper and computer files. Firm on appropriate security investment is an accident correspondence competence higher than no security investment regardless of a large, small and medium-sized, and venture firm. Furthermore, the rational security investment should choose the three security type consideration for firm size.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.855-861
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• 2017

Gordon과 Loeb[1]은 기업의 정보보호 투자 의사결정은 정보보호 투자를 통한 한계편익(MB)과 정보보호 투자의 한계비용(MC)이 일치하는 곳에서 최적의 투자수준이 결정된다고 한다. 그러나, 정보보호 사고를 당하고 있는 많은 기업의 경우, 정보보호 사고를 당하고 있다는 것을 인지하지 못하고 유출되는 피해가 얼마인지 측정하지 못하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 불완전한 정보 상황에서 정보보호 투자 의사결정을 수행하는 모델을 Gordon과 Loeb[1]의 모델을 수정하여 제시하고, 투자수준의 차이를 비교하였다. 불완전정보 하에서 정보보호 투자를 통한 기대수익은 실제 발생하는 정보 보호 사고에 비해 낮게 인식되는 경향을 띄게 되고, 정보보호 투자도 적게 되었다. 이는 정부와 같은 제3의 기관이 정보 보호 사고발생률, 피해액 규모 등 정확한 정보를 알려주면 기업 스스로 정보보호 투자를 확대 할 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.89-102
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine what are the important variables for information security compliance and whether the information security investment by the industry is different. To comply with the information security policies, the organization must establish measures to prevent or resolve information security incidents. This research process consists of four stages, and the analysis method was conducted with the categorical regression analysis and the correspondence analysis. The first analysis analyzed the independent variables that affect security regulations compliance. The rest of the analysis was conducted by industry in the order of security compliance regulations, manpower investment, and budget investment. As a result of the first analysis, this had positive effects on an organization and personal information protection awareness, joint operation organization of information protection, manpower and budget investment, corporate size, and industry. The correspondence analysis was conducted from the second analysis to the fourth analysis and it analyzed the differences in information security investment by industry. The second analysis showed that the construction industry, science and technology industry, and finance industry have higher compliance with security regulations than other industries. The third analysis showed that the financial industry and the science and technology industry were higher than other industries. The last analysis showed that the financial industry was higher than other industries. The theoretical contribution of this study provided the basis for updating the information security theory. The practical contribution of this study requires government support to reduce information security deviations by industry.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1207-1217
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• 2013

본 연구는 2010년 한국인터넷진흥원에서 조사한 "기업의 정보보호 실태조사"의 원자료를 패널데이터로 재구성하여 정보보호 투자와 침해사고의 인과관계를 분석하였다. 이중차분법을 이용하여 분석한 실증결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 정보보호투자가 침해사고를 줄인다는 통상적인 인과관계에 대해서는 유의미한 실증적인 근거를 발견하기 어려웠던 반면, 역의 인과관계, 즉 침해사고가 많은 기업이 정보보호 투자를 증가시킨다는 가설은 유의미하게 데이터에 의해 입증되는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 정보보호에 매우 민감하기 때문에 다른 업종에 비해 과감한 사전적인 투자를 수행하는 것으로 인식되고 있는 금융/보험업의 경우, 실증분석에 따르면 오히려 침해사고의 발생에 따라 사후적으로 정보보호 투자를 수행하고 있는 대표적인 업종으로 나타났다.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.119-131
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the operational performances by the investment level of information security in companies. The theoretical background summarized the meaning of information security, management information security, and network security. The research process was carried out in four stages. As a result of the analysis, the level of information security was classified into four groups, and the difference in operational performance was confirmed. According to the categorical regression analysis of the three dependent variables, independent variables such as network threats, non-network threats, executive information security awareness, industry, organizational size, and information security education all affected information security regulations, in-house information security checks, and information security budget investments. The theoretical implications of this study have contributed to updating the latest information security theory. Practical implications are that rational investments should be made on the level of information security of companies.