• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.277-288
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• 1999

개인화된 학습내용과 진도로 멀티미디어를 이용한 교재를 통해 학습 효과를 크게 제고할 수 있는 중등학교 멀티미디어 교실과 대학의 멀티미디어 센터를 위한 분산 스트림 서버 시스템을 구현하였다. 기존의 멀티미디어 정보 재생 시스템은 멀티미디어 교실에 적용하기에 적절하지 못한 제약점을 가지고 있다. 과다한 스트림당 비용이 요구되거나 그렇지 않으면 학습에 활용하기에는 저급한 재생 품질, 원활하지 못하는 시스템 및 서비스 확장성, 개별적 고유 클라이언트 환경에 의한 사용 이절감, 교사 조작 능력과 표현 의도가 전혀 고려되지 않은 일반적 저작 도구로 인한 교재 저작 어려움 그리고 구성 시스템간의 유기적 연동 부재로 인한 관리 어려움 등의 문제점을 극복한 시스댐을 구현하였다. 폐쇄되어 있는 교실에서뿐만 아니라 인터넷을 통한 광범 위한 원격 교육에 확장할 수 있도록 웹 기반 분산 시스댐으로 구성하였다. 전체 시스템의 구성 요소는 멀티미 디어 정보 저장 및 재생을 담당하는 스트림 서버 클라이언트 시스템, 분산되어 있는 서버의 통합 역할을 하는 서비스 게이트웨이, 그리고 클립 및 교재 저작을 위한 저작관리 시스템 등이다. 본 논문에서는 그 가운데 멀티미디어 정보를 저장, 전송하는스트립 서버의 설계 및 구현에 대해 설명한다. 윈도우NT서버에서 실행되는 한 대의 스트림 서버 시스템으로 한 학급의 클라이언트(50-60대)에서 MPEG~ 1 스트렴을 동시에 재생할 수 있는 성능을 아무런 시스템 변경 없이 응용 수준의 소프트웨어 엔진만으로 실현하였다. 그리고 타 구성 요소 시스템간의 유기적 연동을 통한 시스템의 확장성과 서비스의 유연성을 확보할 수 있었다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.28-38
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• 2010

우리나라 농촌마을의 마을회관, 노인정, 쉼터 등은 농촌마을의 대표적인 커뮤니티시설로서 공동생활이 일상화된 농촌 주민들의 생활에 직 간접적으로 중요한 영향을 끼치며, 생활환경의 질적 향상과 주민들의 문화 의식이 높아짐에 따라 그 중요성은 더욱 높아지고 있는 실정 이다. 그러나, 현재 농촌마을 커뮤니티시설의 현황은 양적인 측면과 질적인 측면에서 모두 열악한 실정이다. 특히 커뮤니티공간의 협소함과 프로그램의 획일화에 대한 문제점은 우리나라 농촌마을이 갖고 있는 공통적인 문제점이라고 할 수 있으며, 이를 해결하기 위한 구체적인 대응방안 모색에 미흡하다. 따라서 농촌마을 주민들의 생활환경 개선과 계절별 연령별로 즐길 수 있는 다양한 커뮤니티활동을 수용하기 위하여 농촌마을 커뮤니티공간의 적정면적 제안을 위한 연구가 필요한 시점이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 농촌마을 대표적인 5가지 유형의 커뮤니티시설인 마을회관, 노인정, 쉼터, 마을마당, 운동공간 및 놀이공간의 적정 면적기준을 제시하는 것을 목표로 하며, 향후 농촌마을 커뮤니티시설 계획에 활용될 수 있는 기초자료를 마련하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 농촌마을 커뮤니티시설 공간 면적 산정에 관한 기존연구 조사, 전국5개도 25개 농촌마을 지역 현황조사, 만족도조사를 통하여 커뮤니티시설별 적정한 면적기준을 산출하였다. 연구 결과 도출된 커뮤니티시설별 적정기준은 현재 대표적 커뮤니티시설별 평균 면적을 상회하는 결과로서 농촌마을 커뮤니티시설 환경 개선과 주민들의 커뮤니티활동 및 의식 성장에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.63-74
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• 2007

This study aims to develop rural house maintenance technique by researching and analyzing the demand for rural house by urban retirees or urbanites who are planning to retire. The target for the survey consisted of urban retirees or urbanites who are planning to retire at the ages between 40 and 65, and were divided into group A, the attendants in rural-related education, and group B, the non-attendants in rural-related education. The contents of the survey included the plan and purpose for rural settlement, the utilization form or residential form of rural house and its expected size, necessary in-house facilities, necessary community facilities, improvement and maintenance factors of rural house, political and legal support for the application of rural house maintenance, etc. The results findings of this study are as follows; 1)For both group, the major purpose of rural settlement appeared to be 'for rural life', utilization form of rural house to be 'acquired ownership or use of empty house', residential form to be 'cohabitation', expected size to be 'under $20{\sim}30$ pung', and expenditure to be 'under $50{\sim}100\;million$'. 2)Most wanted necessary in-house facilities included backyard, multipurpose storage room for group A, and backyard, garden for group B. Necessary community facilities included boardwalk, sewage disposal unit for group A, and boardwalk, shop for group B. 3)Improvement factor for rural house showed 'poor insulation' as first factor for both groups, and for maintenance factor, 'backyard', 'under-floor heating' for group A, and 'environmental-friendly materials', 'backyard' for group B. 4)Most wanted overall political and legal support included 'support on land and real estate supply' for group A, and 'medical and transportation service' for group B. For both group, most wanted support when purchasing a house included 'provision of information on house and realestate purchase', and for legal support, 'legal support for guaranteed house and maintenance' as first factor. The results of this study could be utilized to restructure the rural residence, which would meet the diverse demand of both rural residents and urbanites by providing an opportunity for urbanites to enjoy rural life.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.15-26
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• 1980

The main purposes of the nutrition and clinical surveys were to provide baseline information on the nutritional status of pre-school children in rural health demonstration project areas of the Korea Health Development Institute (KHDI) for nutrition guidance services for the MCH target group. The survey covered a total of 222 pre-school children and 135 mothers in Okgu Gun, Cholla Pukto Province from August 10 to August 17, 1979. The survey results are summarized as follows: 1) Family Environment Seventy percent of the households had more than three children, and the mean family sire was 6. Sixty-nine percent of the mothers and 47% of the fathers of the surveyed households were educated at or below the primary school level. The majority, 70% of the mothers, were aged between 20 years and 35 years. 2) Anthropometric Measurements and Hemoglobin Value 4.5% of the children were lower than 80% weight for age of the Korean standard, and 5.4% were lower than 85% arm circumference for age of the Jelliffe's standard resectively, and those were suffering from protein-energy malnutrition. Angular stomatitis were observed on 66.2% of the subjects. Mean hemoglobin value was 11.1g/100m1, and 44.2% of the subjects were categorized as anaemia. 3) Food and Nutrient Intake of animal foods was very low, ranging from 2.9 to 17%. Consumption of eggs was less than 2% of total food intake, and intake of legumes was also very scanty, between 0.8 to 3.7%. These data present evidence of very poor protein intake, quality as well as quantity. Energy intake of children was 60.0 to 64.4% of the recommended allowance, and mean protein intake only met 47.4% of the recommendation. Low intake of vitamins except thiamin were also found. 4) Mother's Nutrition Knowledge Eighty-five percent of the mothers were entirely ignorant regarding the 'five basic food group' which is most important fact on food and nutrition guidance. Mean knowledge score from 14 basic questions about food and nutrition was as low as 5.1. There was a significant positive correlation between mother's educational level and nutrition knowledge score. 5) Family Planning Variable There were significant correlation among maternal, family planning variables, and some of the nutritional and physical measurements. The study revealed that the mother's educational level and nutrition knowledge score are more crucial factors than the family planning variables on effecting food intakes on children. Recommendation : According to the results of the surveys, there were high incident rates of nutritional anaemia and angular stomatitis among pre-school children, and most of rural women had very limited knowledge about food and nutrition. As a main part of the health education activities, the community health workers should provide nutrition education to the village mothers to improve the nutrional status of young children in rural areas. Nutrional promotion at the primary health care level should be mainly based on appropriate nutrition education.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.47-58
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to find out the impacts of VTS on the marine safety and users' opinion on the VTS which have been being operated in the port of Pohang for the last 3 years and is to suggest a guideline to the successful operation of VTS in the future. This study is based upon the questionnaire survey and the respondents include 236 masters/mates of merchant vessels who have visited the port of Pohang and 6 pilots who have been working in the port. From the questionnaire results, this study notes the following conclusions related to the VTS operations. (1) A few of the respondents (mainly foreigners) do not understand the entering procedure of the port and the fundamental concept of VTS. Accordingly, the more active VTS services have to be provided for the mariners. (2) It was found that themost dangerous factors in tehvicinity of the port were the floating materials, fishing nets, andillegal fishing activities inthe fairway. Therefore, the proper surveillance, stricter enforcement of Acts and the instructive education for the fishermen are required to avoid the risks. (3) A majority of the respondents agreed the VTS has contributed to the safety of vessel traffic, and they pointed out ' the assiatances in reduced visibililty conditions' is the most important task of VTS. The amount of 75.6% of the respondents answered that they have experienced the assistance from VTS more than 1 time since the system was established in the port of Pohang . Also 44.2% of the respondents considered they were able to avoid marine casualties such as collision, ramming or agrounding with the VTS assistances. (4) 49.2% of the respondents preferred the passive information services , while, 38.8% of them preferred the positive control advices in the case of encountering any potential risks. VTS iperators have to consider seriously when they provide the positive control advices of ship's course and speed. (5) A majority of the respondents confirmed that the prot and its approaches is suitable for the VTS coverge . To extend the service areas of the VTS and to improve radar detecting ability, the use of radar transponders are seen as the ideal method. (6) A minority of the respondents pointed out 'the improper orders or recommendatinos caused by the poor decision making' firstly, ' the language problem(sea-speaking in English)' secondly, as the deficiency of personal qualification. It seems, therefore, theat the personal efforts of the operators and systematic training programmes for them are necessary to solve the problems.

• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제2권9호
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• pp.381-392
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• 2013

스마트폰과 같은 무선 기기의 보급률이 높아지면서 오디오 및 비디오 스트리밍 서비스를 이용하는 사용자가 급격히 증가하고 있다. 또한 고속 네트워크 환경이 갖추어 짐에 따라 보다 나은 서비스 품질(QoS)에 대한 요구가 증가하고 있다. 무선 환경에서는 불안정한 전송 채널로 인해 패킷의 손실이 빈번하게 발생하기 때문에, Scalable Video Coding (SVC) 영상 부호화 기법을 통하여 네트워크를 보다 더 효율적으로 사용할 수 있다. SVC 기법에서는 기본계층과 상위계층으로 부호화 정보를 구분하는데, 기본계층은 영상의 복원에 있어서 필수적인 저주파 성분을 형성하기 때문에 신뢰성 있는 전송이 필수적이다. 또한 상위계층은 고주파 성분을 형성하며 성공적인 수신 데이터의 양에 비례하여 비디오의 품질이 향상되기 때문에 채널 상황이 허용하는 한도 내에서 처리량(Throughput)을 높이는 것이 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 무조건적인 처리량의 향상보다는 SVC 비디오의 특징을 고려하여 평균 품질을 향상시킬 수 있는 듀얼-채널 활용 기법을 제안한다. 즉, 기본계층에 대해서는 중복 전송방식을 통해 전송의 신뢰성을 향상시키고, 상위계층에 대해서는 분배 전송 방식을 통해 전송 속도 및 처리량을 향상시켰다. 그 결과, 무선 이동환경에서 보다 고수준의 비디오 서비스 제공이 가능해짐을 시뮬레이션을 통해 확인하였다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.167-178
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• 1995

The purpose of this research was to get basic information for the development of Korean native chicken industry by reviewing the current native chicken farm management and marketing situation of native chicken products(meat and eggs). The research was carried on the basis of the farm field survey covering 210 native chicken feeders out of 9 different local areas, and the results were as follows ; 1. Average raising size of native chicken flocks of sample farms was 1,787 heads and about 50% of those farms raised less than 500 heads chickens for self-sufficiency or on the side. 2. Most farmers made the decision to start on feeding native chickens in small scale with small amount of capital without sound feeding program, and their decision was mainly influenced by recommendation of mass-media( 19.5%) and neighbors (17.2%). 3. The average income per farm earned by raising the native chickens was 13,719 Won, and income per head of chicken was 8,800 Won. 4. About 40% of feeders expressed that the poor marketing management and lack of capital were the bottleneck to native chicken farm management. 5. About 70% of feeders evaluated the prospect of native chicken industry positively and so, about 60% of feeders hoped to expand the raising size in the future. 6. Most farmers directry made a bargain with marketer including middleman and enduser in selling the chicken products because there was not established special marketing system for native chicken products. 7. The sales age of native broiler was about 16~20 weeks and average body weight of broiler was 1.5~2.0 kg. And farm recieved price was not decided on the basis of each body weight or meat quality but only number of heads. 8. The average first egg-laying age of chickens was about 165 days and average annual laying rate was only about 56%. 9. In order to develop the successful Korean native chicken industry, followings are recommended ; 1) Reducing the production costs and increasing the productivity of native chickens should be carried out through technological research and development for sound feeding program of native chickens and sufficient fund supply. 2) Orderly native chicken marketing and pricing system should be established to give good vision about native chickens to farmers and to delight the consumers. 3) The measures for product differentiation including meat quality and nutritional value of native chicken products against other improved chickens should be actively taken by feeders and government.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.258-276
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• 2018

정확하고 정량적인 현지 암반 수리특성 정보들은 고수압 조건 굴착 공동 주변의 수리 지질학적 거동에 대한 신뢰성 있는 평가에 필요한 핵심 인자들 중의 하나이다. 상부의 해수가 무한 수원으로 작용하는 해저지반 내 터널이나 암반 구조물 설계에서 계획 구조물의 규모와 작용 수압이 커질수록 수리특성 정보의 중요성은 크게 증가된다. 본 연구에서는 기존 수압시험 시스템의 부적절한 구성이나 부정확한 자료 획득과 관련된 제반 문제점들의 개선을 통해 고수압 해저지반에 최적화된 일체형 메인 프레임과 30 bar 급 완전방수구조 공내측정장치를 독자적으로 개발하였다. 수리특성 조사 시스템을 구성하는 개별 시험장치들을 단일 프레임에 통합함으로써 협소하고 위험요소가 많은 해상 시추용 플랫폼에서도 안전하고 효율적으로 시험을 수행할 수가 있게 되었다. 또한 유압유 이중 조절장치를 고안하여 공내 순 주입압력 기준 $2.0kgf/cm^2$ 이하 간격으로 정밀한 단계적 가압과 압력 유지가 가능하도록 하였다. 개발 장치들의 시스템 성능과 작동 안정성을 실증적으로 확인하기 위해 연구 시험공 2개소에서 현장 적용성 시험을 완료하였으며 제주 현무암 분포 지역 내 시험공 1개소에서 대표요소체적 규모 수리특성 시험을 성공적으로 수행하였다. 본 논문에서는 개발 장치들의 주요 특성들과 다양한 실내 및 현장 성능시험에서 획득된 주요 결과들을 간단히 소개하였다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.263-274
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 다중위성 강수자료의 수문학적 적용성을 평가하기 위하여 Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA), Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP), Climate Prediction Center (CPC) Morphing technique(CMORPH) 등 전 지구 규모의 고해상도 다중위성 강수자료와 분포형 수문모형을 이용하여 유출모의를 수행하였다. 충주댐 유역에 대하여 2002년 1월 1일부터 2009년 12월 31일까지의 기간에 대하여 Coupled Routing and Excess Storage (CREST) 모형을 적용하였다. 분석기간은 준비기간(2002-2003년, 2006-2007년), 보정기간(2004-2005년), 그리고 검증기간(2008-2009년)으로 구분하여 모의를 수행하였다. 각 다중위성 강수자료를 지상관측자료와 비교결과, 강수의 계절적 변동특성은 잘 반영하고 있으나 연강수량합계 및 월평균강수량에서 TMPA는 과대추정을, GSMaP과 CMORPH는 과소추정하는 경향을 보여주었다. 또한 유출분석결과, TMPA를 제외한 GSMaP과 CMORPH의 충주댐 유역에 대한 수문학적 적용성이 매우 낮은 것을 알 수 있었으며, 향후 다중위성 강수자료의 활용에 앞서 통계적 보정이나 강수알고리즘에 대한 개선이 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.293-303
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to compare dietary attitudes, dietary behaviors and diet qualities of Food and Nutrition major and non-major female student at a university located in Inchon. The subjects included 74 female Food and Nutrition and majors and 45 non-Food and Nutrition major female university students. This cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire, and the data were analyzed by a SPSS 10.0 program. The nutrient intake data collected from Three-day recalls were analysed by the Computer Aided Nutritional Analysis Program and then the diet quality was estimated using the Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR), the Nutrient Adequacy patio (NAR) and the Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ). There was no significant difference in dietary behaviors between Food and Nutrition majors and non-majors. However, most of the female university students had poor eating habits, such as overeating, unbalanced meals, and skipping of meals. In particular, more than 50% of the female university students skipped breakfast. As for weighing themselves once a week, changing dietary lifestyles, calculating food calories and having interest in information on nutrition on health, the ratio of Food and Nutrition majors was significantly higher as compared to that of the non-majors. There was a significant difference in food consumption frequency except for mick and milk products, and iron-rich foods between the Food and Nutrition majors and non-majors. However, there was a significant difference in the frequency scores of iron-rich floods between the Food and Nutrition majors and non-majors. The MAR of Food and Nutrition majors and non-majors were 0.80$\pm$0.13, 0.79$\pm$0.13, respectively. However, in the Food and Nutrition majors and non-majors, the NARs of calcium were 0.61$\pm$0.21 and 0.59 $\pm$ 0.20, and that of iron were 0.61$\pm$0.21 and 0.59$\pm$0.16, respectively, which was extremely low when compared to that of the other nutrients. This result was similar to that of the INQ. Therefore, nutritional education is necessary if female university students are to practice optimal nutrition, including well-balanced diets and eating foods of high nutritional quality.