• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.sup2
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• pp.19-24
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• 2016

Quitline activity in Rajasthan, India is a voluntary activity of Rajasthan Cancer Foundation (RCF) since April 2013. To kick-off, it took the benefit of the State Government- PIRAMAL SWASTHYA (PS)1 collaborative 104 Health Information Helpline that existed already in public-private partnership. It is a reactive quitline that helps callers through the counselors and nursing staff trained specifically through the weekly sessions held by the first author, the RCF resource on quitline. Besides structuring of the scripts for primary intervention and follow-ups after 1 week, 1 month, 6 months and a year, he also monitors calls, advices and coordinates with the supervisors to manage and analyze the data base, and reports to the PS lead at the Jaipur Center on overall performance and to plan strategic communication with the State Government on its outcomes. The quitline has limitations of its informal existence through a voluntary effort of RCF, no specific resource allocation, suboptimal data management, minimal awareness in the masses due to poor IEC (Information, Education and Communication; except its efforts made by RCF in last 1 year through the government-run State TV and City Radio) and staff shortage and its attrition due to lack of plan for career advancement. Despite these challenges in the year 2013, the quit line has registered a quit rate (for complete abstinence) of 19.93% amongst 1525 callers. The quit rate were 58.01% (304/ 524) among the responders at the 3rd follow-up at 18 months (in September 2014)2. In view of an increase in quit rate by 5- 9 times over the prevailing quit rate in the former ever daily users [both smokers and the users of smokeless tobacco (SLT)], efforts are being made by RCF in concurrence with PS to have this cost-effective model established formally with optimal resource allocation in collaboration with willing agencies (the State and Central Governments and the International Quitline Agencies) and its replication in 4 more states where PS is collaborating with the respective state governments similarly (Assam, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Karnataka).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.50 no.7
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• pp.33-46
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• 2000

Uniform is the dress of distinctive design or fashion worn by members of a particular group or serving as a means of identification. The postman's uniform of Ministry of Communication should be distinctive or characteristic clothing to provide high functionality and symbolization of job characteristics, cost effectiveness and esthetic. In order to design the postman's new uniform available in 2000, there has been a satisfaction survey to 1,116 postmen. A thorough analysis of survey and informal and face-to-face discussion with postmen give the direction of design concept. One of the most important things in the design concept is to make the uniform high quality & refinement. The style is a refined jumper suit in consideration of form stability, wearing satisfaction, convenience in activity. The basic colors selected are navy and medium gray. The colors of jumper are MOC red ; C.I color Green : a representative color of youth, white : a symbolic color of bright future. All three colors are plaid on a basic nary color. In the selection of the textile, synthetic fiber (Polyester 65%, rayon 35%) equipped with UV cutting as well as water resistance etc. was recommended. In the uniform design process, the effective communication with user (postman) is critical to find the requirements and needs of uniform user (postman). Also. the uniform designer should reflect the above four key factors in design development. Therefore, the uniform should provide the user with high job performance and job pride in wearing the uniform.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.112-118
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• 2016

The labor force has moved to services industry. An industrial accidents of service industry is three people on 10 persons in 2013. This research conducted questionnaire surveys of 1:1 directly person interviews with a structured questionnaire intended for 150 service workplaces, in order to improve occupational safety and health in very small service workplace with less than 5 employee. The survey contents is employment type, safety and health management system, safety and health training, activities. In the results, working with non-regular(informal) workers is two people on 10 persons 27.1% and female workers is about five people on 10 persons with 58.1%, and that 67.9% of non-regular workers who are mainly engaged in the production line appeared. And the work-related injury and accident experience was 3.3% and the occupational injury rate was 1.02%, especially occupational injury rate of female workers was 0.88%. Workplace risk assessment carried out in response that it was very low as 10.0% of the total. Also the safety & health education and activities was very low. Thus the safety consciousness and education is urgently required in order to prevent the industrial accidents.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.217-231
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper is to investigate a new method for activating the metacognitive abilities that play a key role in the Mathematical Problem Solving Process (MPSP). The proposed research question is as follows: Can the MPSP activate metacognitive abilities of high school students in the pencil-and-paper environment using guidance material for metacognitive activities\ulcorner To solve this question, two case studies have been carried out. Two students for the study were selected via informal interview. They voluntarily took part in 13 experimental lectures. The activating paths of their metacognitive abilities in the MPSP were chronically described and analyzed. All the activating processes of the students focusing on the aspects of metacognitive behaviors were analyzed by means of interview, observation, self-report, and activity data. The two high school students participating in the MPSP voluntarily recognized and reflected their deficiencies in metacognitive abilities, and therefore maximized their own performance. They made quite significant progress in the course of activating their metacognitive abilities through voluntary participation and gained greater confidence in the MPSP. Hence they have become good problem solvers. They expressed not only the factors influencing their behavior but also their self-awareness during the metacognitive activities. In the long run, this experiment will increase possibilities for the internalization of the metacognitive process.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.133-142
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• 1999

When the game is used in mathematics loaming, students take pleasure of game in themselves and communicate through interaction with other students naturally. It is important because the game is activity for intellectual growth and social development. Also students have had affirmative attitude about mathematics by Emu. The communication in mathematics loaming helps that linking informal and intuitive thinking of students with abstract and basic mathematical language and that it also helps changing from the dependent situation to teacher to the self-directive teaming of students. The purpose of this thesis is to effect on extension of mathematical communication ability to the second grade of elementary school students by applying of computational-strategy games. It has conclusion as follows. Application of computational-strategy games had effected on extension of mathematical communication ability importantly. When students have mathematical communication through computational-strategy games, at the beginning, the words which students used was long, incorrect, and unnecessary words. But at the later, students became to use clear, correct concise words as they connect their routine language with mathematical symbol. Therefore we can make sure that mathematical communication ability of the second grade students' is extended by applying of computational-strategy games.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.87-101
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate elementary school teachers' perception and the status of education program on science museum field trips by using a questionnaire (188 teachers) and interview (6 teachers). The results of the research are as follows. First, factors influencing elementary school teachers who choose the science museum as a place for field trips were 'student's interest', 'teacher's own experience related to the science museum', 'science curriculum', 'suggestions from a fellow teacher', 'space available for field work' and so on. Second, 82% of the respondents conducted pre-education program, but they mainly conducted safety education. Third, the teacher conducted post-education program less than pre-education program. In the post-education program, the most activities were to express and share knowledge and experience gained from the science museum. Fourth, 52.2% of the teachers provided tasks or activity sheets during science museum field trips. Fifth, the teachers mainly served as safety guide. In addition, the teachers thought that safety guide was the most important role of teacher in science museum field trips. Sixth, the teachers thought that the method of viewing the science museum's collection, which emphasizes the role of docent rather than the teacher, was more educational.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.903-916
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to discover practical health problems which hemodialysis clients experienced so as to present basic data for development of a health assessment tool. The research subjects were 70 clients receiving hemodialysis in Seoul and Inchon from Mar. 1996 to Sep. 1996. Data were collected by researcher's informal indepth interview and nurses' open ended question. Content analysis was applied to collect similar contents and common experiences in order to derivate concepts and categories for better understanding of hemodialysis clients' experiences. As a result, 9 categories derivated to identify the health problems of clients receiving hemodialysis were as follows : 1) They experienced 'the decreased digestive function' which contained the changed appetite, nausea, vomiting, constipation and diarrhea. 2) They experienced 'the decreased respiratory and circulatory function' which contained dyspnea, changed blood pressure, tingling sensation and the fear of aggrevated vascular condition. 3) They experienced 'the aggrevated oral condition' which contained dry mouth and destruction of teeth and their soft tissue. 4) They experienced 'the decreased sensory function' which contained visual disturbances, sensation difficulty, and hearing loss. 5) They experienced 'the aggrevated skin condition' which contained dark brown skin color, dry skin (and hyperpigmentatic freckle, seborrheric keratosis, scale), itching sense, and alopethia. 6) They experienced 'the decreased urinary reproductive function' which contained anuria or oliguria, dysmenorrhea, sterility and decreased libido. 7) They experienced 'the restricted activity' which contained decreased activity, muscle cramp and stiffness of joint. 8) They experienced 'the changed mental status' which contained memory disturbance, decreased cognition, disorientation, neurosis and psychosis. 9) They experienced 'the aggrevated general condition' which contained kyphosis, weight loss, fatigue, sleep disturbance, bleeding tendency, inflammation, generalized edema and foul oder of uremia.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.226-244
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• 1996

This study was designed to evaluate the social support network of schizophrenic patients. 64 schizophrenic patients being treated as out-door patient were compared with 30 neurotic control patients. Schizophrenics were divided into positive, subpositive, subnegative and negative subgroups by present symptom and social network of both schizophrenics and control group were evaluated. The results are as follows: 1) Social network of schizophrenics was smaller than that of control group. Size of social network of schizophrenics was 10.6 and that of control group was 23.5. 2) In both kin and nonkin, social network of schizophrenics was smaller than that of control group. Of the kin, schizophrenics were more supported by wife or husband, father, and mother, but were less supported by brother, son and other relatives. 3) There was no difference in the kin or nonkin or total supporters between the four subgroups of schizophrenics. But, subgroup of schizophrenics which was divided as having negative symptom had smaller network than control group in active formal and informal supporters. 4) When divided into 4 support areas, schizophrenics was remarkably less supported in emotional, instrumental and appraisal support area than control group, but there was no difference in the informational support areas. 5) Compared with control group, schizophrenics more often mentioned parent and ten often mentioned nonkin supporter as the one that is most important to him. 6) Schizophrenics had smaller cluster and less leisure activity than control group. Subgroup of schizophrenics who was divided as having negative symptom had less frequency of leisure activity than other subgroups.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.87-98
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• 1997

A practice is classified into the practice as a content and the practice as a method. The former means that the practical nature of mathematical knowledge itself should be a content of mathematics and the latter means that one should teach the mathematical knowledge in such a way as the practical nature is not damaged. The practical nature of mathematics means mathematician's activity as it is actually done. Activities of the mathematician are not only discovering strict proofs or building axiomatic system but informal thinking activities such as generalization, analogy, abstraction, induction etc. In this study, it is found that the most instructive ones for the future users of mathematics are such practice as content. For the practice as a method, students might learn, by becoming apprentice mathematicians, to do what master mathematicians do in their everyday practice. Classrooms are cultural milieux and microsoms of mathematical culture in which there are sets of beliefs and values that are perpetuated by the day-to-day practices and rituals of the cultures. Therefore, the students' sense of ‘what mathematics is really about’ is shaped by the culture of school mathematics. In turn, the sense of what mathematics is really all about determines how the students use the mathematics they have learned. In this sense, the practice on which classroom instruction might be modelled is that of mathematicians at work. To learn mathematics is to enter into an ongoing conversation conducted between practitioners who share common language. So students should experience mathematics in a way similar to the way mathematicians live it. It implies a view of mathematics classrooms as a places in which classroom activity is directed not simply toward the acquisition of the content of mathematics in the form of concepts and procedures but rather toward the individual and collaborative practice of mathematical thinking.

• School Mathematics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.773-791
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• 2016

Teacher noticing ability has been considered as one of important elements influencing a quality of teaching. Noticing is closely related to teachers' in the moment decision making in a class, and teachers notice things as they create and interact with their classroom setting. Mathematics teachers as an expert should notice students' mathematics learning during a class. The aim of this study was to analyze how mathematics teacher's pre-noticing activity that the teacher anticipated students' typical strategies and difficulties in learning targeted mathematics knowledge and prepared appropriate responses worked in practice. As a result, the teacher conducted three types of noticing in her classes: noticing shaping students' understanding by using students' misconceptions or errors; noticing creating students' learning opportunities based on their prior knowledge; noticing improving students' informal reasoning. This study concluded with discussion about the positive effect of teacher's pre-noticing activity on her actual noticing in practice, as well as implications for teacher education.