• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제69권2호
• /
• pp.124-128
• /
• 2010

Septic pulmonary embolism is the process in which an infected thrombus becomes detached from its site of origin and lodges in a pulmonary artery, and is usually associated with infective endocarditis, especially right-sided, or infection-associated with indwelling catheters, peripheral septic thrombophlebitis, and periodontal diseases, etc. Here, we report a case of septic pulmonary embolism associated with tricuspid valve infective endocarditis. A 23-year-old female was admitted to our hospital, due to fever, sore throat, and myalgia. In her past medical history, she had undergone a surgical operation for closure of a ventricular septal defect, but was informed that the operation resulted in an incomplete closure. The initial chest radiograph demonstrated multiple rounded, parenchymal nodules in various sizes; several nodules had central lucency suggesting cavitations. Echocardiography demonstrated a large vegetation attached to the septal tricuspid valve leaflet, extending from right ventricular inflow tract to outflow tract. Computed tomography of thorax revealed bilateral peripheral nodules and wedge-shaped consolidation at various sizes, mostly accompanied by cavitations.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.113-116
• /
• 2014

A 52-year-old man was referred to our hospital due to fever and myalgia that occurred 2 weeks earlier. He showed a complete atrioventricular block on his electrocardiogram, and his vital signs were unstable. On his transthoracic echocardiograph, the 1.5 cm vegetation in the aortic valve with severe aortic regurgitation suggested infective endocarditis. His transesophageal enchocardiograph showed abscess in his mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa and vegetation was suspected on his anterior mitral valve leaflet. The patient underwent an emergent operation for valve replacement with temporary epicardial pacing. Intraoperatively, the septal leaflet of his tricuspid valve was injured during the debridement of the abscess pocket that was extended to the membranous septum. The aortic, mitral, and tricuspid mechanical valves were replaced with annular reconstruction without complications. After 14 days of intravenous antibiotics, we successfully changed the epicardial pacemaker into a transvenous DDD-type permanent pacemaker by placing a left ventricular lead via the coronary sinus and an atrial lead in the right atrium appendage. The patient was discharged in a tolerable state and was examined uneventfully in our hospital's outpatient clinic for 8 months.

• 농약과학회지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.60-68
• /
• 1999

충남 공주지방의 강변 잔디밭에서 검출된 곤충병원성 선충 Steinernema longicaudum 공주계통의 병원성과 증식에 미치는 온도와 접종농도의 영향을 알아보았다. 꿀벌부채명나방 유충 한 마리당 선충을 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160마리 농도로 처리하여 13, 18, 24, $30^{\circ}C$의 항온기에 보관하면서 14일간 치사율과 치사소요일수를 조사하였고, 동일 온도에서 30일 동안 감염태 유충의 증식수와 증식기간을 조사하였다. 그 결과 온도와 농도가 높을수록 병원성이 높게 나타났지만 농도보다는 온도에 의하여 더 많은 영향을 받았다. 즉, $13^{\circ}C$에서는 모든 농도에서 치사율이 낮았으나 $24^{\circ}C$와 $30^{\circ}C$에서는 5마리와 10마리의 낮은 농도에서도 높은 치사율을 나타내었다. 온도와 농도가 높아질수록 치사일수도 단축되어 $24^{\circ}C$와 $30^{\circ}C$에서 160마리 농도는 2일만에 기주를 100% 치사시켰으나, 5마리 농도는 $24^{\circ}C$에서 10일만에 83.3%, $30^{\circ}C$에서 6일만에 90%의 기주 치사율을 나타내었다. 유충의 증식은 온도와 농도가 높아짐에 따라 양호한 경향이었지만 접종농도간에는 유의성이 인정되지 않았다. 저온인 $13^{\circ}C$에서는 모든 농도에서 전혀 증식이 이루어지지 않았다. 증식기간도 $30^{\circ}C$에서 $6{\sim}9$일로 다른 온도와 비교하여 가장 짧았다. S. longicaudum 공주계통의 병원성 발현 최적 온도는 $24^{\circ}C$였고 증식 최적 온도는 $30^{\circ}C$였다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.305-311
• /
• 2014

본 연구는 정량적 미생물 위해평가(Quantitative microbial risk assessment: QMRA)에 절대적으로 필요한 9종의 식중독 세균, 2종의 바이러스, 1종의 원생동물에 대한 최소 감염량(minimum infective dose)을 선정한 연구이다. 주요 식중독 미생물들의 최소 감염량을 선정하기 위하여, 1980년부터 2012년까지 PubMed, ScienceDirect database 등에서 주요 식중독 미생물들의 최소 감염량 및 위해평가 자료 82종을 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 메타분석(mata-analysis)에서 사용되고 있는 relative frequency(fi, 상대빈도 값)를 계산하여 가장 적정한 최소 감염량을 추정 및 선정하였다. 주요 식중독 미생물들의 최소 감염량은, B. cereus $10^5cells/g$ (fi = 0.32), C. jejuni 500 cells/g (fi = 0.57), Cl. perfringens $10^7cells/g$ (fi = 0.56), Pathogenic E. coli 중 EHEC 10 cells/g (fi = 0.47), ETEC $10^8cells/g$ (fi = 0.71), EPEC $10^6cells/g$ (fi = 0.70), EIEC $10^6cells/g$ (fi = 0.60), L. monocytogenes $10^2{\sim}10^3cells/g$ (fi = 0.23), Salmonella spp. 10 cells/g (fi = 0.30), Shigella spp. 100 cells/g (fi = 0.32), S. aureus $10^5cells/g$ (fi = 0.45), V. parahaemolyticus $10^6cells/g$ (fi = 0.64), Hepatitis A virus $10{\sim}10^2particles/g$ (fi = 0.33), Noro virus 10 particles/g (fi = 0.71), C. pavum $10{\sim}10^2oocyst/g$ (fi = 0.33)으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 향후 국내 QMRA를 통한 위해수준 추정결과의 정확성을 향상시키는데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.103-110
• /
• 2001

예측식품미생물학(PFM)은 1980년대 후반 이후 식품미생물학 분야에서 새롭게 발생한 신학문 분야이다. PFM은 특별한 환경적 요인에 따른 미생물 특히, 병원성미생물의 반응(사멸과 생존)을 예측하기 위하여 수학적인 모델을 이용한 것이다. 현재까지 개발된 PFM모델중 완전한 것은 없지만, 어떤 특정 조건하에서는 신속하고 객관적으로 미생물의 반응을 예측하는데 이용될 수 있다는 장점 때문에, HACCP시스템, Risk Assessment 등에서 응용 가능성이 커지고 있다. 본 연구는 PFM 모델중 PMPwin5.1을 이용하여, 우유 저장에 대한 HACCP시스템 중 미생물학적 위해요소 분석, CCP 및 CL설정에 대한 방법론적 예를 제시하였다. 모델에 대한 초기조건으로 우유와 동일한 물리화학적 조건인 pH 6.7, Aw 0.993, NaCl 1.3%을 고정변수로 하고, 저장온도(4~15$^{\circ}C$)를 변이변수로 선정하여, 온도에 따른 주요 병원성미생물의 generation time, lag phase duration, infective dose에 도달하는데 걸리는 시간을 산출하였다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 온도의 변화에 따른 각 병원성미생물의 성장을 안전정도에 따라 “안전온도범위(Safe temperature zone)”, “주의온도범위(Caution temperature zone)”, “위험온도범위(Danger temperatue zone)”로 분류하였으며, 이들 분류는 우유의 유통기간인 5일을 기준으로 각 병원성미생물의 lag phase duration, infective dose에 도달하는 시간에 따라 결정하였다. 이러한 결과는 우유의 HACCP시스템에 있어, 위해요인 분석시 위해요인의 분류 및 위해요소간의 위해 정도의 우선순위 부여에 보조적인 수단으로 이용될 수 있다. 또한 유통.저장단계에서 병원성미생물의 상징에 대한 온도수준을 나타내므로, 이 단계를 CCP로 설정할 수 있고, CCP에 대한 CL은 주위온도범위내에서 설정할 수 있다. 그리고 허용수준에 대한 온도의 범위를 제시하므로 모니터링이나 검증에서도 이용할 수 있다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2005

골프장의 문제해충들 중 등얼룩풍뎅이(Exonala orientalis) 3령충의 방제를 위하여 21계통의 한국산 곤충병원성 선충{Heterorhabditis bacteriophora 함양 계통과 Heterorhabditis sp. 202, 206, 217, Heterorhabditis sp. KCTC 0991BP 계 통, Steinernema carpocapsae 포천, S. longicaudum 공주, S. longicaudum 논산, Steinernema sp. 7, 24, 62, 55, 60, 64, 206, 207, 209, 210, 219, 227 계통}을 이용하여 실험을 수행하였다. 등얼룩풍뎅이 유충 한 마리당 200마리의 선충을 처리하였을 때, 14일 후 치사율은 Heterorhabditis sp. 202 계통이 $55\%$, Heterorhahditis sp. 205 계통과 H. bacteriophora 함양 계통이 각각 $50\%$의 치사율을 나타내어 Heterorhabditis속 선충들의 병원성이 $32.5\%$이하의 치사율을 나타낸 Steinernema속 선충에 비하여 높았다. 등얼룩풍뎅이 3령충 내에서 증식된 선충수는 Heterorhabditis sp. 202 계통이 273,064마리, S. carpocapasae 포천 계통이 273,043마리, Heterorhabditis sp. 217 계통이 248,887마리로 이들 선충들의 증식수가 일반적으로 많았다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제44권5호
• /
• pp.332-337
• /
• 2011

Background: The optimal timing of surgery for infective endocarditis complicated by embolic stroke is unclear. We compared early versus delayed surgery in these patients. Materials and Methods: Between 1992 and 2007, 56 consecutive patients underwent open cardiac surgery for the treatment of infective endocarditis complicated by acute septic embolic stroke, 34 within 2 weeks (early group) and 22 more than 2 weeks (delayed group) after the onset of stroke. Results: The mean age at time of surgery was $45.7{\pm}14.8$ years. Stroke was ischemic in 42 patients and hemorrhagic in 14. Patients in the early group were more likely to have highly mobile, large (>1 cm in diameter) vegetation and less likely to have hemorrhagic infarction than those in the delayed group. There were two (3.7%) intraoperative deaths, both in the early group and attributed to neurologic aggravation. Among the 54 survivors, 4 (7.1%), that is, 2 in each group, showed neurologic aggravation. During a median follow-up of 61.7 months (range, 0.4~170.4 months), there were 5 late deaths. Overall 5-year neurologic aggravation-free survival rates were $79.1{\pm}7.0%$ in the early group and $90.9{\pm}6.1%$ in the delayed group (p=0.113). Conclusion: Outcomes of early operation for infective endocarditis in stroke patients were similar to those of the conventional approach. Early surgical intervention may be preferable for patients at high risk of life-threatening septic embolism.

• 대한수의사회지
• /
• 제21권10호
• /
• pp.612-616
• /
• 1985

A prominent effect of prolactin was observed on the migration behaviour of T.canis larvae in 2 months old puppies, Four cross- breed puppies were used in this studies and each puppy was infected with 3000 infective eggs. One of 4 puppies used for control

• 대한수의사회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.43-47
• /
• 1985

Striking effects of hydrocortisone were observed on the behaviour of Toxocara canis larvae in 2 months old dogs. Four cross-breed dogs were used in this studies and each dog was inoculated 3000 infective eggs. The larvae were recovered from 2 dogs (contro

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.370-376
• /
• 1990

From April, 1981, through March, 1989, 30 patients had received valve replacements and 1 patient had received foreign body removal for infective endocarditis at Seoul National University Hospital. There were 22 male and 9 female patients, ranged in age from 22 to 59 [mean 34.9] years. Twenty-three had native valve endocarditis, 7 had prosthetic valve endocarditis and 1 had infected transvenous permanent pacemaker electrode in right heart. Twenty-four required operation during active phase of disease and 7 during inactive phase. The infecting organism was Streptococcus in 10 patients, Staphylococcus in 5 patients, both Staphylococcus and Streptococcus in 1 patient, E. coli in 2 patients, and Candida in 1 patient. Indications for Surgery were congestive heart failure in 20, systemic emboli in 5, combination of both in 3, congestive heart failure with uncontrolled sepsis in 2, and complete heart block in 1 patient. Hospital mortality was 9.7% [3/31], and all were the patients who received emergency operation. There were 2 late mortality [7.7 %] due to acute myocardial infarction and recurrent endocarditis. This report suggests that the surgical treatment can be achieved with acceptable low mortality and morbidity in medically intractable congestive heart failure, emboli and sepsis.