• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.199-205
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• 2000

The field control efficacy of entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae Weiser, was evaluated on the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hiibner). The insect pest has been known to be a defoliator at the aerial part of the crop and difficult to be controlled effectively with most commercial chemical insecticides due to its insecticide resistance. To overcome the susceptibility of the nematodes to desiccation when they were applied by leaf spray in field condition, we screened several commercial antidesiccants (alkyl glucoside, CMC, glycerol, Keltrol-F, Kunipia-G, and Laponite LXG) optimal for survival of the nematodes. Keltrol-F (0.1 %) was selected as a candidate supplement for field application of the nematodes. Leaf spray of the nematodes at 5,000 infective juveniles/ml of distilled water containing 0.1 % Keltrol-F resulted in 87.7% control efficacy on the 3rd instar larvae of Sp. exigua.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.97-104
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• 1998

Fugi are eukaryotic, nonphotosynthetic, filamentous or unicellular organisms, most of which grow on nonliving materials as saphrophytes. The majority are therefore opportunistic pathogens and predisposing factors often contribute to the establishment of fungal infection. These include an alteration in the normal flora of the host by prolonged administration of antibiotics, immunosup-pression, concurrent infections, damage to the skin or mucous membranes, constantly moist areas of skin or the exposure to a large infective dose, and as with fungal spores. Fungi may cause a variety of diseases which may be due directly to fungal invasion of tissue or more often to the ingestion of toxins produces by fungi in growing, standing or stored grains and other animals feeds. In this experiment, contaminated fugi were isolated and identified from animal feedstuffs such as Korean cattle, milking cows, pigs and chickens. Twelve genues were isolated from animal feeds, they are 9 from Korean cattle and milking cows feeds, 6 from pigs feeds, and 10 from chickens feeds. Among them, most frequently encountered species was Yeast(56 strains), followed by Fusarium sp(41 strains), Aspergillus sp(20 strains), each of Micorsporum sp and Trichophyton sp(17 strains), Penicilium sp(12 strains), in order. And also minority was isolated as Candide sp(4 strains), Trichoderma sp(3 strains), each of Epidermophytom sp and Absida sp(2 strains), and each of Sporothrix sp and Maduromyces sp(1 strain). Among the Aspergillus sp 20 isolates, A flavus(5 strains), A nidulans(4 strains), A fumigatus(3 strains), A glucans(3 strains), A niger(3 strains) and A terreus(2 strains) were identified.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.79-85
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• 1995

Purpose : To assess the efficacy of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF) in the neutropenia by radiotherapy. Materials and Methods : Eleven patients with various solid tumor were treated with a daily subcutaneous dose of GM-CSF(3-7microgram/kg) for 5days during the radiotherapy. Before and during the course of the study all the patients were monitored by the recording of physical examination, the complete blood count with differential and reticulocyte count and liver function test. Eight patients received prior or concurrent chemotherapy. Results : In 10 patients, the neutrophilic nadir was significantly elevated and the lenght of time that Patients had a neutrophil count below $10^3/mm^3$ a threshold known to be critical to acquiring infective complications was shortened following GM-CSF injection. A significant rise (two fold or greater) of neutrophil count was seen in 10 of 11 patients. In most patients, discontinuation of GM-CSF resulted in a prompt return of granulocyte counts toward baseline. However the neutrophil count remained elevated over $10^3/mm^3$ during radiation therapy, and radiotherapy delays were avoided. Other peripheral blood components including monocytes and platelets also increased after GM-CSF treatment. No significant toxicity was encountered with subcutaneous GM-CSF treatment. Conclusion : GM-CSF was well tolerated by subcutaneous route and induced improvement in the neutropenia caused by radiotherapy.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.12-16
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• 2020

Chronic otitis media (COM) is a chronic inflammatory disease which affects the middle ear, mastoid cavity. It presents hearing loss, ear pain, dizziness, headache, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) inflammation and intracranial complication. Intracranial complications such as skull base osteomyelitis (SBO) may occur secondary to COM due to transmission of infection by a number of possible routes. SBO is an uncommon condition with a significant morbidity and mortality if not treated in the early stages. We report a-67-year-old male patient with diabetes and untreated COM who presented atypical severe TMJ, periorbital and postmandibular pain. By computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and whole body bone scan (WBBS), he was diagnosed with SBO spreading from untreated COM via infective arthritis of TMJ. Through this case, we suggest proper utilization of diagnostic imaging, especially CT or MRI for the early detection of SBO in the case of COM accompanying with the greater risk of infection developments such as diabetes.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.414-419
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• 2018

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is one of the most common foodborne pathogens responsible for outbreaks of hemorrhagic colitis, which can lead to the life-threatening hemolytic-uremic syndrome. In this study, we identified phytochemicals that specifically inhibit the expression of LEE operon in E. coli O157:H7. Among phytochemicals, diosmin decreased the adherence of E. coli O157:H7 towards Caco-2 cells in vitro (p<0.01) and its biofilm formation activity (p<0.05). Quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that the transcripts of Ler-regulated genes and genes related to curli production were significantly reduced in the presence of diosmin. However, diosmin does not affect bacterial viability, indicating that the resistance rate to diosmin was remarkably low. Overall, these results provide significant insights into the development of a novel anti-infective agent that is different from conventional antibiotics.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.258-263
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• 2001

Campylobacter spp. isolated and identified from the raw chicken carcasses in food service, were characterized. Total bacterial counts on the skins of raw chicken were 10$^4$~10$^{6}$ CFU/g and a total of 205 strains were primarily isolated after enrichment culture and selective culture of the sample with candle and microaerophilic chamber method. Among them, twenty eight strains of Gram-negative, catalase-positive and oxidase-positive were further isolated by the determination of biochemical characteristics. Only sixteen strains of them were finally identified as Campylobacter with PCR of pA and pB primers. Nine strains, more than half of them, have grown at 42$^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ and seven strains defined as thermophilic Campylobacter grew not at $25^{\circ}C$, but at 42$^{\circ}C$. Therefore, more careful management of food safety for raw chicken is needed in food service. Particularly, we should concern the raw chicken carcasses with high bacteria contamination, more them 10$^{5}$ CFU/g, which possibly includes Campylobacter spp. grown at low temperature.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2001

To evaluate the factors that determine the transmission level of vivax malaria using vectorial capacity, entomological surveys were conducted from .lune to August, 2000. From 6 nights of human-bait collection in Paju, the human biting rate (ma) was counted as 87.5 bites/man/night. The parity of Anopheles sinensis from human baiting collections fluctuated from 41% to 71% (average 48.8%) of which the rate gradually increased as time passed on: 35.2% in Jun. ; 55.0% in July; 66.2% in Aug. From this proportion of parous, we could estimate the probability of daily survival rate of An. sinensis to be 0.79 assumed with 3 days gonotrophic cycle and the expectancy of infective life through 11 days could be defined as 0.073. Blood meal analysis was performed using ELISA to determine the blood meal source. Only 0.8% of blood meals were from human hosts. We could conclude that An. sinensis is highly zoophilic (cow 61.8%) Malaria is highly unstable (stability index < 0.5) in this area. From these data, vectorial capacity VC) was determined to be 0.081. In spite of a high human biting rate (ma), malaria transmission potential is very low due to a low human blood index. Therefore, we could conclude that malaria transmission by An. sinensis is resulted by high population density, not by high transmission potential. For this reason, we need more effort to decrease vector population and vector-human contact to eradicate malaria in Korea.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.692-698
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• 2005

Eczema is a general term for skin diseases showing itching, vessiculopapular eruption, and erythema when acute, or lichenification and scale if chronic. It is classified as irritant dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, neurodermatitis, nummular eczema, statis dermatitis, infective dermatitis, xerotic eczema, and pompholyx by afflicted regions and symptoms. Therapy for eczema is allopathic, and includes application of ice- pack to erythema, and application of emollients and steroids to the affected parts during subacute or chronic stages. Eczema is understood as ulceration(瘡), tinea(癬), wind syndrome(風證), and dryness syndrome(燥證) in terms of oriental medicine. Xerotic eczema is understood in dryness syndrome. Nourishing blood(養血) therapy is used. This is a case study on which xerotic eczema occurred on a patient's afflicted left palm and fingers after stroke. The patient's xerotic eczema was attributed to dryness syndrome. Therefore, Samul-tang(四物湯) and Saenghyeoryunbu-eum(生血潤膚飮) were used for nourishing blood. This therapy was effective on eczema and accompanying symptoms such as dizziness and numbness of the left hand.

• BMB Reports
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2005

In this study we developed the transposon-mediated shuttle vector 'Hanpvid', which composed of HaNPV (Heliothis armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus) genomic DNA and a transposon cassette from Bacmid of Bac-to-Bac system. Hanpvid replicates in E. coli in the same way as Bacmid and retains infective function in cotton bollworm cells (Hz-AM1). Using Hanpvid we constructed a recombinant virus, which could infect Hz-AM1 cells and generate recombinant HaNPV (rHa-Bar) containing the barnase gene, a ribonuclease gene from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Since the expression vector carrying barnase gene cannot replicate in the absence of barstar, a specific inhibitor of barnase, we constructed a new cotton bollworm cell line (AM1-NB) using the marker rescue method. In AM1-NB barstar was integrated into the cellular chromosome to sustain the replication of rHa-Bar. To screen out recombinant HaNPV for potential use as biopesticide, Hz-AM1 and AM1-NB cell lines were infected with rHa-Bar, respectively. The results obtained indicate that Viral progenies in AM1-NB were 23 and 160 times greater than those in Hz-AM1 48 h and 72 h after infection, respectively. With additional insertion of the polyhedron gene from AcNPV (Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus) into the Hanpvid genome, rHa-Bar regained the polyhedron phenotype and its pest-killing rate greatly improved. Toxic analysis showed that the lethal dosages ($LD_{50}$) and the lethal time(s) ($LT_{50}$) of rHa-Bar were reduced by 20% and 30%, respectively, compared to wt-HaNPV in the third instar larvae of cotton bollworm. This study shows that in AM1-NB barnase can be effectively produced and used as pest-killing agent for the biological control of cotton pests.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.440-443
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• 1996

Some tricuspid valve endocarditis can be controlled effectively with specific antibiotic treatment. However, surgical intervention Is necessary when there are continuing sepsis, moderate or severe heart failure, multiple pulmonary emboli, and echocardiographycally demonstrated vegitations. We are repoting a 19 year-old male patient who was admitted for the treatment of infective endocarditis. He previously had an operation for ventriculer septal defect (perimembranous type) about 9 years ago . An echocardiogram showed a large vegetation on the anterior cusp area and a left to right shunt through VSD, which was previously closed with dacron patch. A valve replacement in addition to antibiotic therapy was recommended for the patient. The patient underwent on operation : tricuspid valve replacement was done with 51. Jude medical valve prosthesis (33 mm), and in addition to above procedure, removal of vegetation and direct closure of VSD were done Postoperative echocardiogram showed that replaced tricuspid valve functioned well and vegeta ion and shunt flow were not observed. The patient recovered without complication and discharged at Postoperative day 25. Early aggressive surgical intervention is indicated to optimize surgical results, and this case seems to be a typical right sided bacterial endocarditis, which is caused by residual VSD. We are reporting a case of tricuspid valve endocarditis with a review of the literature. (Korean J Thorax Cardiovasc Surg 1996 ; 29: 440-3)