• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.547-552
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• 2004

Recently, autologous bone marrow cell transplantation (CTx) for angiogenesis and myogenesis in ischemic myocardium has been extensively investigated to improve heart functions. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of CTx with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) in patients who were not feasible for complete revascularization. Material and Method: Four male patients underwent CTx and OPCAB simultaneously. Bone marrow was aspirated from iliac bone. Mean 1.5 ${\times}$ 10$^{9}$ mononuclear cells including mean 6.7 ${\times}$ 10$^{6}$ CD34 + cells and 3.7 ${\times}$ 10$^{6}$ AC133 + cells were obtained and concentrated with 10 cc. These cells were transplanted into non-graftable ischemic myocardium after OPCAB. The heart function of all patients were evaluated using the MIBI scan, echocardiogram and MRI preoperatively. The effects of CTx was evaluated using MIBI scan and echocardiogram at 1 month postoperatively. Result: An average of 2 grafts were bypassed to left anterior descending artery territory. Other territories were transplanted with isolated mononuclear cell. All patients had uncomplicated postoperative course. After 1 month follow up, there were improvement in symptom, ejection fraction (from 49% to 55%) on echocardiogram and myocardial perfusion on MIBI scan in all patients. Conclusion: These preliminary data showed improvement of heart function and myocardial perfusion and also showed the feasibility and safety of combined therapy with OPCAB and CTx in ischemic myocardium. However, the effectiveness of CTx alone cannot be readily assessed. Further randomized, controlled studies are required to evaluate the effectiveness of CTx alone.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 1992

Background: Massive hemoptysis is a major clinical and surgical problem related to high motality. Bronchial and nonbronchial systemic arteries are considered to be the main source of hemoptysis. Embolization of these arteries has become an accepted treatment in the management of massive hemoptysis. Herein we evaluate the effect of arterial embolization in immediate control of massive hemoptysis and investigate the clinical and angiographic characteristics and the course of patients with recurrent hemoptysis after initial successful embolization. Method: 21 patients (15 men & women, aged 21 to 74 years) underwent transcatheter arterial embolization for the treatment of life-threatening massive hemoptysis from Jan 1988 to July 1991. Seven patients had inactive residual pulmonary tuberculosis, 5 cases aspergilloma, 4 cases active pulmonary tuberculosis, 3 cases bronchiectasis and 2 case lung cancer. Arteriography was done by percutaneous catheterization via the femoral artery, and at the same time, arterial embolization was done with gelfoam particle. Result: Immediate control of massive hemoptysis was achieved in all 21 cases by arterial embolization. Hemoptysis recurred in nine of 21 patients. Four cases were aspergilloma, two inactive tuberculosis, two lung cancer, and one bronchiectasis. The initial angiographic findings revealed that nonbronchial systemic arterial supply, bronchial-pulmonary arterial shunt, and marked vascularity were more frequently, but statistically insignificant, in recurred patients. The following complications occured: fever, chest pain, cough, voiding difficulty, paralytic ileus, paraplegia, and splenic infarction. The course of the recurred patients was as follows: Three patients were died due to recurred massive hemoptysis. one was aspergilloma and two lung cancer. Surgical resection could be performed successfully in two patient with relatively good lung function, one aspergilloma and the other inactive tuberculosis. In 4 patients with poor lung function, repeated embolization or medical conservative treatment was continued. Conclusion: Arterial embolization as initial treatment of massive hemoptysis is most useful and relatively safe, although this is a palliative procedure and the potentiality for recurrence exists. Repeated embolization in inoperable patient with recurrent bleeding may improve the lengthening of life.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.54-62
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• 1996

Background: $^{99m}Tc$ MIBI(Methoxyisobutylisonitrile complex), a member of the isonitrile class of coordination compounds, is a lipophilic cation presently under investigation for clinical use as myocardial perfusion imaging agent and is widely used to detect myocardial infarction. Preliminary reports indicate that $T_1$-201 accumulate in human neoplasm and several authors reported $^{99m}Tc$ MIBI may also localized in primary malignant tumor and metastatic deposits from lung cancer. We evaluated the uptake of $^{99m}Tc$ MIBI in lung cancer and localization of mediastinal and other site metastasis, and compared the benign lesion of the lung. Method: Thirty four patients of lung cancer and ten patients of benign lung lesion were studied with chest CT and $^{99m}Tc$ MIBI Lung SPECT. $^{99m}Tc$ MIBI uptake ratio was assessed by TR/NL(Lung lesion/ Normal area), HT/NL (Heart/Normal area) and HT/TR(Heart/Lung lesion). Results: 1) All lung cancer patients showed increased uptakes of $^{99m}Tc$ MIBI in malignant lung lesion and Tc-99m MIBI uptake was also increased in mediastinal and lymph node metastasis except two cases. 2) There was significant different ratio of TR/NL between malignant and benign lesion, $3.79{\pm}1.82$ and $1.67{\pm}0.63$ on planar images, respectively(p<0.001). 3) There was no significant difference of $^{99m}Tc$ MIBI uptake ratio between squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma and adeno carcinoma($3.64{\pm}1.66$, $3.57{\pm}0.72$, $4.31{\pm}2.28$ respectively). Conclusion: $^{99m}Tc$ MIBI lung SPECT was useful in the localization of tumor and mediastinal or other site metastatic lesion in lung cancer and also in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant lesion.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.301-314
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• 1999

To evaluate the ischemic heart disease risk factors and analysis on the its relationship between risk factors and ischemic heart disease on EKG findings in a rural area, We conducted cross-sectional health screening test for 1304 persons aged over 30 years. Blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, BMI and Waist/hip ratio, smoking data and EKG data were collected. Hypertension was classified by the sixth report of the Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure and the cutpoints of hyperlipidemia was used National Cholesterol Education Program. The cutpoint of hyperglycemia was used National Diabetes Data Group and those for obese was 30%. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Prevalence of definitive hypertension was 41.2% in males and 41.6% in females. The prevalence of hypertension showed Increasing tendency according to age increase(p<0.05). 2. Prevalence of hyperlipidemia was 20.6% in males and 20.4% in female. In females prevalence of hyperlipidemia showed increasing tendency according to age increase(p<0.001). 3. Prevalence of obese was 23.4% in males and 28.8% in females. Upper body type was predominant in females, but lower body type was predominant in males. 4. Prevalence of hyperglycemia was 11.0% in males and 12.1% in females. The prevalence of hyperglycemia showed increasing tendency according to age increase(p<0.01). 5. The smoking rate was 63.7% in males and 2.6% in females. 6. On the EKG findings, the prevalence of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction was 6.7% in males and 7.5% in females. 7. The prevalence of Ischemic heart disease was higher in hypertension than normal in females and higher in obese than normal in males. In males and females the prevalence of ischemic heart disease was higher in hyperglycemia than normal and higher in upper body type than lower body type. But there is no statistical association among them.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 2008

Purpose : To investigate the actual conditions of diagnosis and treatment of oral medicine inpatient with systemic disease. Methods : A total of 110 subjects, inpatient due to systemic disease for diagnosis and treatment of oral disease was requested to answer the medical history and dental treatment record. Results : Systemic disease is composed of Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 26%, Cerebral infarction 25.2%, Intracerebral hemorrhage, Polyarthrosis, Coxarthrosis 4.7%, Nerve root and plexus disorders, Hypertensive heart and renal diseases, Ankylosing spondylitis 2.4%. Chief complain of oral disease is composed of toothache 28.6%, routine check 23%, tooth mobility 8.7%, hypersensitivity 7.1%, periodontal bleeding 6.4%. Oral disease is composed of Gingivitis and periodontal diseases 28.9%, Dental caries 17.1%, Diseases of pulp and periapical tissues 15.1%, Diseases of salivary glands 10.5%, Other diseases of hard tissues of teeth 8.6%, Within Normal Limit 5.3%. Treatment of oral disease is composed of periodontal treatment 17.95%, rejection of treatment 16.67%, medication for halitosis & dry mouth 13.46%, extraction 12.18%, prosthetic treatment 8.97%. Chief complain in oral medicine is composed of oral soft tissue problem 6.4%, craniomandibular disorders 5.6%, halitosis 4%, total 16%. Conclusion : These findings indicate that inpatient due to the systemic disease is significantly correlated to the oral disease. The patients of oral disease interrelationship between inpatient and outpatient of systemic disease should be validated by future research.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.87-92
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• 2009

Purpose : Many gene polymorphisms are associated with coronary artery abnormalities in Kawasaki disease. Catechol-O- methyltransferase (COMT) plays an important role in the metabolism of catecholamines, catechol estrogen, and catechol drugs. Polymorphisms of the COMT gene are reported to be associated with myocardial infarction and coronary artery abnormalities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between COMT gene polymorphisms and coronary artery abnormalities in Kawasaki disease patients. Methods : One hundred and one Korean children with Kawasaki disease and 306 healthy Korean control subjects were enrolled in this study. The polymorphisms of the COMT gene were analyzed by direct sequencing. Results : There were no differences in the genotype and allelic frequency of the rs4680 and rs769224 polymorphic sites between Kawasaki disease and control subjects. Further, no significant difference was found in the rs4680 polymorphism between patients with coronary artery abnormalities and patients without coronary artery abnormalities (codominant P=0.32, dominant P=0.74, recessive P=0.13). However, the distribution of the rs769224 polymorphism was significantly different between patients with coronary artery abnormalities and patients without coronary artery abnormalities (codominant P= 0.0077, dominant P=0.0021, recessive P=0.16). Conclusion : Our results indicate that the polymorphisms of the rs769224 gene might be related to the development of coronary artery abnormalities in Kawasaki disease.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.493-500
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• 2017

In this study, data analysis has been conducted by INFINITT program to analyze the effect of signal to noise ratio(SNR) and contrast to noise ratio(CNR) of flow related enhancement(FRE) and computed tomography Angiography(CTA) on cerebrovascular diseases for qualitative evaluations. Based on the cerebrovascular image results achieved from 63 patients (January to April, 2017, at C University Hospital), we have selected 19 patients that performed both FRE-MRA and CTA. From the 19 patients, 2 were excluded due to artifacts from movements in the cerebrovascular image results. For the analysis conditions, we have set the 5 part (anterior cerebral artery, right and left Middle cerebral artery, right and left Posterior cerebral artery) as the interest area to evaluate the SNR and CNR, and the results were validated through Independence t Test. As a result, by averaging the SNR, and CNR values, the corresponding FRE-MRA achieved were: anterior cerebral artery ($1500.73{\pm}12.23/970.43{\pm}14.55$), right middle cerebral artery ($1470.16{\pm}11.46/919.44{\pm}13.29$), left middle cerebral artery ($1457.48{\pm}17.11/903.96{\pm}14.53$), right posterior cerebral artery ($1385.83{\pm}16.52/852.11{\pm}14.58$), left posterior cerebral artery ($1318.52{\pm}13.49/756.21{\pm}10.88$). by averaging the SNR, and CNR values, the corresponding CTA achieved were: anterior cerebral artery ($159.95{\pm}12.23/123.36{\pm}11.78$), right middle cerebral artery ($236.66{\pm}17.52/202.37{\pm}15.20$), left middle cerebral artery ($224.85{\pm}13.45/193.14{\pm}11.88$), right posterior cerebral artery ($183.65{\pm}13.47/151.44{\pm}11.48$), left posterior cerebral artery ($177.7{\pm}16.72/144.71{\pm}11.43$) (p < 0.05). In conclusion, MRA had high SNR and CNR value regardless of the cerebral infarction or cerebral hemorrhage observed in the 5 part of the brain. Although FRE-MRA consumed longer time, it proved to have less side effect of contrast media when compared to the CTA.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.138-146
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• 2007

Purpose: Ischemic enterocolitis (IEC) is the total or partial infarction of the intestine in the absence of occlusion of a major mesenteric blood vessel. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical features of IEC in children. Methods: A clinical analysis of 6 patients with IEC who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics at Pusan National University Hospital, between 1996 and 2005 was conducted retrospectively. Patients were diagnosed with IEC based on clinical characteristics, including radiologic, endoscopic, histopathologic, and intraoperative findings. Results: Four boys and 2 girls between the age of 6 weeks and 6 years were included in this study. Most of the patients were born at term and had a birth weight that was appropriate for their gestational age. The major symptoms of IEC observed included hematochezia or hematemesis (5 cases), vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain or irritability (4 cases), as well as abdominal distension and fever (3 cases). IEC occurred in thecolon in 5 cases (2 descending colon, 1 descending and sigmoid colon, 1 sigmoid colon, 1 whole colon) and the duodenal bulb and gastric antrum in 1 case each. The type of the lesions observed includedulcera, which were found in 3 cases, perforation, which was pbserved in 2 cases, necrotic patches, which were observed in 2 cases, stricture, which was observedin 1 cases, and massive membranous desquamation of the epithelium, which was observed in 1 case. Two of the patients received surgical treatment and the remaining four were treated conservatively. None of the patients died. Conclusion: The presentation of IEC varies, and the findings of this study will be helpful in managing patients with IEC.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.1263-1270
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of exercise mode and anti-hypertensive drug responding status on the cardiovascular response and perceived exertion in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. Seventy-five patients who participated in six-week exercise rehabilitation therapy performed a treadmill running and a cycle ergometer exercise at intensities of 60%HRR and 85%HRR respectively. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), rate pressure production (RPP), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured. The results of cardiovascular response by the different exercise modes with moderate and intensive intensity of anti-hypertensive drug responder and nonresponder ACS patients were following: First cycle ergometer exercise induced significantly higher SBP, DBP, MAP, RPP and MAP than treadmill running exercise at the intensities of 60%HRR and 85%HRR in both anti-hypertensive responder and nonresponder ACS patients (p<0.05). Secondly anti-hypertensive nonresponder ACS patients had significantly higher DBP and MAP that anti-hypertensive responder ACS patients at all the exercise modes (p<0.05). Finally there was no difference of RPP between anti-hypertensive responder and nomresponder ACS patients, although anti-hypertensive nonresponder ACS patients showed higher blood pressure and RPP than anti-hypertensive responder ACS patients. In conclusion, cycle ergometer induced increased cardiovascular response at same intensities of treadmill running exercise and anti-hypertensive nonresponder ACS patients had even more increased cardiovascular response than anti-hypertensive responder ACS patients with no difference in perceived exertion during exercise. These results suggested that cycle ergometer exercise should be greatly careful with the risk of higher blood pressure, especially for those who are patients with hypertensive blood pressure.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.199-206
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• 2000

Purpose: Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy is a useful technique to diagnose and to predict prognosis in patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the prognostic value of normal exercise $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and to analyze results with regard to those of exercise electrocardiography or coronary angiography. Materials and Methods: We evaluated 301 patients (mean age $52{\pm}10$ years, 166 males and 135 females) with normal exercise $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI myocardial perfusion SPECT performed for suspected coronary artery disease. Subject were evaluated for cardiac events and followed for 8-55 months (mean $19{\pm}10$ months) after imaging. Results: During the follow-up period, there was no cardiac death but only one non-fatal myocardial infarction (event rate 0.21% per year). In addition, only one patient underwent coronary revascularization. There was no significant difference in cardiac event rate between patients with positive (n=27) and negative (n=235) exercise electrocardiography (p:NS). There was no cardiac event in 17 patients who underwent coronary angiography (4 patients with >50% luminal narrowing, 2 patients with vasospasm and 11 patients with no significant lesion). Conclusion: Patients with normal exercise $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI myocardial perfusion SPECT has a very low risk for cardiac events regardless of exercise electrocardiographic and coronary angiographic findings.