• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제31권8호
• /
• pp.1109-1114
• /
• 2021

Chlamydia pneumoniae is a type of pathogenic gram-negative bacteria that causes various respiratory tract infections including asthma. Chlamydia species infect humans and cause respiratory infection by rupturing the lining of the respiratory which includes the throat, lungs and windpipe. Meanwhile, the function of interleukin-4 (IL-4) in Ch. pneumoniae respiratory infection and its association with the development of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in adulthood and causing allergic airway disease (AAD) are not understood properly. We therefore investigated the role of IL-4 in respiratory infection and allergy caused by early life Chlamydia infection. In this study, Ch. pneumonia strain was propagated and cultured in HEp-2 cells according to standard protocol and infant C57BL/6 mice around 3-4 weeks old were infected to study the role of IL-4 in respiratory infection and allergy caused by early life Chlamydia infection. We observed that IL-4 is linked with Chlamydia respiratory infection and its absence lowers respiratory infection. IL-4R α2 is also responsible for controlling the IL-4 signaling pathway and averts the progression of infection and inflammation. Furthermore, the IL-4 signaling pathway also influences infection-induced AHR and aids in increasing AAD severity. STAT6 also promotes respiratory infection caused by Ch. pneumoniae and further enhanced its downstream process. Our study concluded that IL-4 is a potential target for preventing infection-induced AHR and severe asthma.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.83-91
• /
• 2021

Health is an outset of psychological, social, financial, and physical state. Several macroeconomic factors are entangled with health and mortality. Infant mortality and life expectancy are two keyguard on demographic research context on last few decades. On the other hand, foreign inflows play an unprecedent role for raising economic circulation and providing more opportunities to build a better society. The study aims to investigate the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI), economic growth, and Bangladesh's health. This study employs time-series data from 1980 to 2018. Results show, with Auto-regressive Distribute Lag (ARDL) model, that there is significant cointegration among variables. Foreign investment and economic output relate significantly and positively to health. On the contrary, education is quasi-linked with a different sign-on different model. For model validation, pitfalls of time-series multicollinearity, heteroscedasiticy, and autocorrelation are not present. Also, CUSUM and CUSUMSQ tests are validating the model as stable and fit for future prediction. Medical assessment and education need more attention from the government as well as the private sector. FDI can play a catalyst role for improving the health sector, raising opportunity in educating and creating a better lifestyle. In order to optimize foreign investment, the government should implement necessary reforms and policies.

• 여성건강간호학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.141-152
• /
• 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a couple-centered antenatal education program and to test the program's feasibility. Methods: With a preliminary-experimental study design, 33 pregnant couples who were expecting their first child participated in this study. The program consisted of four sessions (1 hour/session/week) of education and counseling. Data were collected before and after the intervention from September 2018 to April 2019 at a women's hospital in Daejeon, Korea, with demographic data forms, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale, Korean Newborn Care Confidence Scale, Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire, and Dyadic Adjustment Scale-10. Results: The pregnant women and their husbands were on average 32.30±3.10 and 33.21±6.25 years old, respectively. The mean marriage duration was 2.34±1.63 years, the gestational age was 31.30±2.66 weeks, and 78.8% of the couples had a planned pregnancy. After the program, both the pregnant women and their husbands showed significant improvements in attachment to the fetus and confidence in providing infant care. Prenatal depression, prenatal stress, and fear of childbirth in pregnant women significantly decreased after completing the program. However, the dyadic adjustment score did not change significantly either in the pregnant women or their husbands. Conclusion: A couple-centered antenatal education program seems to be effective for couples adjusting to parenthood, but further studies should explore ways to have a positive impact on couples' relationships.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.412-417
• /
• 2022

Capacitive-type humidity sensors with a high sensitivity and fast response/recovery times have attracted a great attention in non-contact respiration biological signal monitoring applications. However, complicated fabrication processes involving high-temperature heat treatment for the hygroscopic film is essential in the conventional ceramic-based humidity sensors. In this study, a non-toxic ceramic/metal halide (BaTiO₃(BT)/NaCl) humidity sensor was prepared at room temperature using a solvent-free aerosol deposition process (AD) without any additional process. Currently prepared BT/NaCl humidity sensor shows an excellent sensitivity (245 pF/RH%) and superior response/recovery times (3s/4s) due to the NaCl ionization effect resulting in an immense interfacial polarization. Furthermore, the non-contact respiration signal variation using the BT/NaCl sensor was determined to be over 700% by maintaining the distance of 20 cm between the individual and the sensor. Through the AD-fabricated sensor in this study, we expect to develop a non-contact biological signal monitoring system that can be applied to various fields such as respiratory disease detection and management, infant respiratory signal observation, and touchless skin moisture sensing button.

• 적정기술학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.206-210
• /
• 2021

고빌리루빈혈증은 신생아기에 가장 흔히 볼 수 있는 질환으로 전세계적으로 생후 일주일내 신생아 중 약 80%에서 관찰된다. 고빌리루빈혈증을 치료하지 않을 경우 핵황달 및 사망에 이르게 되므로 신속하고 정확하게 진단하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 상용 스마트폰을 사용하여 휴대가 편리하고 전처리 과정없이 사용이 간편한 총빌리루빈 측정시스템을 개발하였다. 본 시스템은 추가의 장치가 필요없이 스마트폰의 LED와 카메라를 이용하여 측정하며 전처리 없이 소량의 혈액을 주입하면 되므로 현장에서 누구나 쉽게 측정이 가능하다. Cobas c111의 측정값과 비교한 결과 3 mg/dL 이하 ±0.4 mg/dL 이내 94%(17/18), 3 mg/dL 이상 ±20% 이내 98%(276/282)로 CLIA 가이드라인의 정확도 기준을 만족함을 확인하였다. 이는 의료 시설 및 훈련된 인력 부족한 현장에서 신속하게 영유아의 황달 상태를 확인하는 방법으로 사용할 수 있을 것으로 보여진다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제49권3호
• /
• pp.348-356
• /
• 2022

과잉치는 치판의 과도한 성장과 분화에 의해서 발생된다. 이로 인해 이소맹출, 맹출지연, 인접치의 치근 흡수, 그리고 치간이개 등의 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 영유아기에서의 과잉치는 드물며 국내에서는 거의 보고되지 않았다. 이 증례에서는 3개의 매복된 과잉치가 있는 생후 2일된 신생아에 대해 보고하고 있으며, 환자는 21개월간 추적 관찰되었다. 유치열기에 맹출된 하나의 과잉치는 14개월이 되었을 때 중등도 진정 하에 발치되었다. 발치된 과잉치에 대해 micro-computed tomography (CT) 분석을 진행하여 치근단 부위의 미세한 형태 이상을 확인하였다. 과잉치 발치 후 치간이개는 감소하였고 구강위생도 개선되었다. 조기 진단 및 치료를 통해 과잉치로 인한 합병증을 예방할 수 있다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.194-210
• /
• 2022

Human milk contains a number of nutritional and bioactive molecules including microorganisms that constitute the so-called "Human Milk Microbiota (HMM)". Recent studies have shown that not only bacterial but also viral, fungal, and archaeal components are present in the HMM. Previous research has established, a "core" microbiome, consisting of Firmicutes (i.e., Streptococcus, Staphylococcus), Proteobacteria (i.e., Serratia, Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, Sphingomonas, Bradyrhizobium), and Actinobacteria (i.e., Propionibacterium, Corynebacterium). This review aims to summarize the main characteristics of HMM and the role it plays in shaping a child's health. We reviewed the most recent literature on the topic (2019-2021), using the PubMed database. The main sources of HMM origin were identified as the retrograde flow and the entero-mammary pathway. Several factors can influence its composition, such as maternal body mass index and diet, use of antibiotics, time and type of delivery, and mode of breastfeeding. The COVID-19 pandemic, by altering the mother-infant dyad and modifying many of our previous habits, has emerged as a new risk factor for the modification of HMM. HMM is an important contributor to gastrointestinal colonization in children and therefore, it is fundamental to avoid any form of perturbation in the HMM that can alter the microbial equilibrium, especially in the first 100 days of life. Microbial dysbiosis can be a trigger point for the development of necrotizing enterocolitis, especially in preterm infants, and for onset of chronic diseases, such as asthma and obesity, later in life.

• 임상간호연구
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.77-89
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare maternal perceptions between two groups of postpartum women, women who chose to have their babies room-in and women who did not (non rooming-in group). Methods: Data collection was conducted in 37 hospitals from August 10 to September 20, 2008. The participants were 209 mothers opting for rooming-in and 128 mothers for non rooming-in. The women completed a questionnaire which included the Edinburgh postpartum depression scale, maternal attachment inventory, and postpartum self-evaluation questionnaire. Results: There were significant differences in education level, income and antenatal education between the rooming-in and non rooming-in groups. The rooming-in group also showed higher levels of satisfaction with medical services. More important, the rate of breast feeding for the rooming-in group was higher than for the non rooming-in group. There was no difference between the two groups for postpartum depression, maternal attachment and mothers' confidence with infant care tasks. Conclusion: These findings suggest that rooming-in system has more advantages compared to non rooming-in and that it can help to promote breast feeding. The authors recommend that the rooming-in system be expanded nationwide. The results of this research can be used to assist the development of future rooming-in system expansion strategy.

• 현장농수산연구지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.93-100
• /
• 2016

벼 담수 및 무논직파재배에서 잡초성 벼(weedy rice) 및 잡초(weeds)방제를 위하여 철분 코팅볍씨를 이용하여 발아 전 제초제(pre-emerged herbicides)를 처리하여 안전한 제초제 선발 시험결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. ① 출아일수는 제초제별로는 벤조비사이클론 >옥사디아존 > 티오벤카브 > 뷰타클로르 순으로, 사용종자별로는 철분코팅 밀봉종자(최아)> 최아종자>침종종자 철분코팅 순으로 출아가 늦었다. ② 사용종자 중 무처리와 벤조비사이클론 처리에서 침종종자 철분코팅의 입모율은 각각 63.7%, 75.7%로 최아종자 및 철분코팅 밀봉종자(최아)에 비하여 23.6~45.2%, 잡초성 벼보다는 46~62.5%나 높았다. ③ 뷰타클로르 제초제의 고사율은 최아볍씨와 철분코팅 밀봉종자(최아)에서는 100%의 고사율을 보였지만 벤조비사이클론은 2%의 고사율을 보여 비교적 안전한 것으로 나타났다. ④ 벤조비사이클론 3.5% 유제 처리의 파종후 25일 초장은 9.2~12.9cm로 무처리 11.9~16.3cm에 비하여 약간 짧았지만 정상적인 생육을 하였다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.113-125
• /
• 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the normalization of mask-wearing worldwide, and young children are particularly vulnerable to respiratory diseases. Children's masks come in various sizes and shapes, causing confusion among consumers who struggle to find products that can accommodate their child's unique physical conditions. This research aims to analyze the shape and dimensions of health masks designed for young children. A total of 67 mask varieties were collected, and 58 were subjected to analysis. The masks were found to have two primary shapes: foldable and beak-like, with sizes categorized as small and extra-small. The majority of masks were manufactured in Korea, and the size labeling systems varied among manufacturers. The mask materials were non-woven fabric or polypropylene, and there was diversity in terms of the adjustable earbands and the use of additional accessories. The dimensions of the masks varied depending on their shape, with significant differences in the weight and the length of the wire holes. Subsequent research should focus on conducting wearability evaluations to verify the dimensional suitability of commercially available children's health masks based on shape and size. Additionally, this study aims to provide foundational data that can assist in the development of children's masks with size ranges that differentiate them from adult masks and cater to specific age groups.