• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2001

Effect of the north (N) or south pole (S) of a magnet and dithiothreitol (DTT) or heparin sodium (H) on the orientation of bull sperm were studied. Sperm were collected from four Japanese Black bulls of Okinawa Prefectural Livestock Experimental Station were treated with various concentrations of DTT or H during the first and sixth days and were then exposed them to N or S with a magnetic field of 3,000 Gauss for 24 hours. Experimental results showed that both N and S significantly increased the perpendicular oriented percentage of bull sperm in most treatments not treated or treated with DTT or H. Anisotropy of magnetic field of bull sperm was the main cause which induced them to orient perpendicular to the magnetic direction. The results of the experiment also showed that, in most cases, the two polarities had the same effect on the orientation of bull sperm. However, in some cases, N exerted a stronger effect on the perpendicular percentage of bull sperm than S, such as with the 20 mM DTT treatment at the first and sixth days and the 100 units H treatment at the sixth day. These cases showed that the perpendicular oriented percentage of bull sperm at N was significantly higher than that of S. It was only the 100 units heparin treatment at S both at the first and sixth days that upward perpendicular orientation was higher than that at N. This might be due to the fact that protamin-DNA structure of a small number of bull sperm nuclei slightly changed because of heparin action.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.188-195
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• 2002

To investigate the degradation of mechanical properties induced mainly by neutron irradiation, the tensile tests were conducted from room temperature to 300\\`c using the irradiated and the unirradiated Zr-2.5Nb pressure tube materials. The irradiated longitudinal and transverse specimens were collected from the coolant inlet, middle, and outlet parts of M-11 tube which had been operated in Wolsung CANDU Unit-1 and exposed to different operating temperatures and irradiation fluences. The different tensile behavior was characterized not by the fluences of irradiation but by the tensile loading direction. The transverse specimen showed the higher strength and lower elongation than those of the longitudinal one. It was believed that these phenomena resulted from the microstructure anisotropy caused by the extrusion process. The increased strength hardening and decreased elongation embrittlement of the irradiated material were compard to those of the unirradiated one. While the tensile strength of the inlet was higher than that of the outlet, the elongation of the inlet was lower than that of outlet. Considering the operation condition, it was proposed that the operating temperature could be a more effective parameter than the irradiation fluence for long-time life. Through the TEM observation, it was found that while the a-type dislocation density was increased, the c-type dislocation was not changed in the irradiated. The fact that the higher dislocation density was sequentially distributed over the inlet, the middle, and the outlet parts was consistent with the distribution of the tensile strength.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.160-164
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• 2003

연자성이 우수한 Co계 아몰퍼스리본을 리소그래피와 에칭을 통하여 미안더타입(meande, type)의 미소패턴으로 가공하고 표피효과가 현저하게 나타나는 300 KHz∼l ㎓의 주파수영역에서 고주파임피던스, 저항, 인덕턴스에 미치는 외부자기장의 영향을 조사하였다. 제작한 아몰퍼스리본의 미안더패턴은 자기장중 열처리를 통하여 폭방향으로 자기용이축이 유도되어 있었으며 패턴의 길이방향으로 인가된 외부자기장에 대하여 민감한 임피던스의 변화를 나타내었다. 임피던스는 약 13 Oe부근의 인가자기장에서 최대값을 나타내었으며 50 MHz에서 11 Oe의 인가 자기장에 대하여 약 210%의 임피던스 변화율을 나타내었다.

• 폴리머
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.145-148
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• 2012

광분해형 CBDA-ODA 폴리이미드의 배향막에 대하여 선편광(LPUV) 조사와 이후의 열처리가 배향막, 액정 배향 그리고 LCD 특성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대하여 조사하였다. 가장 우수한 액정 배향은 배향막의 이방성을 최대로 발생시키는 광조사 에너지보다 상당히(약 5~10배) 작은 양의 광조사에 의하여 유도되었다. 광조사에 이후에 이어지는 배향막에 대한 열처리는 광분해 반응에 의하여 배향막 표면에 형성된 저분자 부산물들을 효과적으로 제거함과 동시에 광조사된 배향막을 안정화시킴으로써 액정의 배향성과 LCD의 전기적 특성을 향상시키는 결과를 가져왔다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.271-279
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• 2019

Background: We utilized diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to evaluate the cerebral white matter changes that are associated with phantom limb pain in patients with unilateral arm amputation. It was anticipated that this would complement previous research in which we had shown that changes in cerebral blood volume were associated with the cerebral pain network. Methods: Ten patients with phantom limb pain due to unilateral arm amputation and sixteen healthy age-matched controls were enrolled. The intensity of phantom limb pain was measured by the visual analogue scale (VAS) and depressive mood was assessed by the Hamilton depression rating scale. Diffusion tensor-derived parameters, including fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD), were computed from the DTI. Results: Compared with controls, the cases had alterations in the cerebral white matter as a consequence of phantom limb pain, manifesting a higher AD of white matter in both hemispheres symmetrically after adjusting for individual depressive moods. In addition, there were associations between the RD of white matter and VAS scores primarily in the hemispheres related to the missing hand and in the corpus callosum. Conclusions: The phantom limb pain after unilateral arm amputation induced plasticity in the white matter. We conclude that loss of white matter integrity, particularly in the hemisphere connected with the missing hand, is significantly correlated with phantom limb pain.

• Current Applied Physics
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.1426-1430
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• 2018

High magnetic field effects on the microstructure and magnetic properties of $BaFe_{12}O_{19}$ hexaferrites synthesized hydrothermal method have been investigated. The obtained results indicate that the lattice constant decreases gradually as the magnetic field strength increases, which may be attributed to the lattice distortion resulted from the high magnetic field. Polycrystalline $BaFe_{12}O_{19}$ samples prepared under magnetic field strength at zero and 5 T are single phase. It is found that application of external magnetic field during synthesis can induce orientated growth of the hexaferrite crystals along the easy magnetic axis. The magnetic properties can be effectively regulated by an application of high magnetic fields. It is observed that the $BaFe_{12}O_{19}$ prepared under a 5 T magnetic field exhibits a higher room-temperature saturation magnetization (66.3 emu/g) than that of the sample (43.6 emu/g) obtained without magnetic field. The results can be explained as the enhanced crystalline, improvement of $Fe^{3+}$ ions occupancy and the oriented growth induced by the external magnetic field. The growing orientation of particles gives rise to increased coercivity due to the enhancement in shape anisotropy. It is expected that an application of magnetic field during the formation of magnetic nanoparticles could be a promising technique to modify magnetic properties with excellent performance.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.75-87
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 과압밀된 점토에서 피에조콘 관입으로 인한 과잉간극수압의 공간적인 분포를 알아내기 위한 대형 토조시험을 실시하고 분석결과를 제시하였다. 시험결과에 의하면 콘 주변의 전단영역에서 과잉간극수압은 콘 표면으로부터 전단영역의 경계까지 직선적으로 증가하며, 소성영역에서는 대수적으로 감소하여 소성영역 경계에서 영으로 접근하였다. 또한 전단영역의 크기는 콘 반경의 2.2-1.5배 정도이며 과압밀비 증가 시 전단영역의 크기는 감소하는 반면 소성영역의 크기는 과압밀비에 상관없이 콘 반경의 약 11배로 일정하였다. 본 연구에서는 변형률 속도와 응력이 방성 효과를 고려하여 MCC(Modified Cam Clay) 모델과 공동확장이론으로부터 피에조콘 위치에서의 과잉간극수압을 예측하였으며, 전단영역에서 ${\Delta}u_{shear}$의 선형증가와 전단 및 소성영역에서 ${\Delta}u_{oct}$의 대수적 감소를 가정하여 과잉간극수압의 공간적 분포를 예측하기 위한 방법을 제시하였다. 이러한 방법으로 예측된 간극수압의 분포는 대형 토조시험에서의 콘 관입시험 결과와 비교를 통해 검증되었다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.89-100
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• 2007

본 논문과 함께 제출한 논문에서는 미시역학 기반의 새로운 탄소성 모델의 정식화에 대해 설명하였다. 본 논문에서는 사질토 변형의 탄성 및 탄소성 거동을 미시역학에 근거하여 자세히 분석하였다. 모델에 필요한 변수 평가를 위한 과정을 제시하였다. 등방 및 삼축 압축 시험에서 나타난 사질토의 탄성 거동을 분석한 결과, 직교 이방 탄성계수의 응력 종속성은 미시적 수직 강성에서 나타난 수직 접촉력의 거듭제곱 함수 형태가 반영되어 나타나며, 삼축 압축 응력 상태에서는 조직 이방성의 변화가 응력 종속성에 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다. 미시역학적 해석을 통해 소성 변형이 매우 낮은 변형률 수준에서도 발현되며, 변형 중 사질토 강성의 비선형적 감소는 접촉점에서의 접선 방향 소성 변형에 의해 나타남을 밝혔다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.759-769
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• 2021

Objective: To evaluate the application of laplacian-regularized mean apparent propagator (MAPL)-MRI to brain glioma-induced corticospinal tract (CST) injury. Materials and Methods: This study included 20 patients with glioma adjacent to the CST pathway who had undergone structural and diffusion MRI. The entire CSTs of the affected and healthy sides were reconstructed, and the peritumoral CSTs were manually segmented. The morphological characteristics of the CST (track number, average length, volume, displacement of the affected CST) were examined and the diffusion parameter values, including fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), mean squared displacement (MSD), q-space inverse variance (QIV), return-to-origin probability (RTOP), return-to-axis probabilities (RTAP), and return-to-plane probabilities (RTPP) along the entire and peritumoral CSTs, were calculated. The entire and peritumoral CST characteristics of the affected and healthy sides as well as those relative CST characteristics of the patients with motor weakness and normal motor function were compared. Results: The track number, volume, MD, RD, MSD, QIV, RTAP, RTOP, and RTPP of the entire and peritumoral CSTs changed significantly for the affected side, whereas the AD and FA changed significantly only in the peritumoral CST (p < 0.05). In patients with motor weakness, the relative MSD of the entire CST, QIV of the entire and peritumoral CSTs, and the AD, MD, RD of the peritumoral CST were significantly higher, whereas the RTPP of the entire and peritumoral CSTs and the RTOP of the peritumoral CST were significantly lower than those in patients with normal motor function (p < 0.05 for all). In contrast, no significant changes were found in the CST morphological characteristics, FA, or RTAP (p > 0.05 for all). Conclusion: MAPL-MRI is an effective approach for evaluating microstructural changes after CST injury. Its sensitivity may improve when using the peritumoral CST features.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2008

세라마이드는 콜레스테롤, 지방산과 함께 각질층을 구성하는 주요성분으로 각질층의 피부장벽 기능에 중요한 역할을 하며, 아토피 피부염, 건선, 건성습진, 주부습진 등과 같은 염증성 피부질환 방지에 도움이 되는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서 2-(2-amino-ethylamino)-ethanol(AEEA)을 출발물질로 하여 신규 유사세라마이드 BPC-16을 합성하고, 그 물리화학적 성질과 화장품의 신규 소재로 활용하기 위하여 세포독성, 보습, 각질제거효능 등을 평가하였다. 합성된 BPC-16을 이용하여 콜레스테롤, 스테아린산을 포함하는 에멀젼을 제조했고, 편광현미경에서 'Maltese Cross'를 확인함으로써 BPC-1이 라멜라 에멀젼을 형성함을 확인하였다. 단층배양세포와 삼차원배양세포에서의 세포독성 실험에서 BPC-16은 보습과 피부손상회복 효과를 보이는 10 mM 이하의 농도에서 독성이 없음을 확인하였다. BPC-16의 보습효능을 확인하기 위하여 Vapormeter와 Corneometer를 이용하여 임상실험을 실시하였으며, 우수한 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 피부손상에 대한 회복효과와 Visioscan을 이용한 각질량의 변화 실험에서도 우수한 효과를 확인하였다.