• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.155-163
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• 2015

In dyeing cotton fabric with the Indigo Pulverata Levis, this research examined the effect of the sodium dithionite($Na_2S_2O_4$). For the separation of the Indigo-calcium hydroxide complex in the alkaline solution of the Indigo Pulverata Levis, the reduction with the $Na_2S_2O_4$ at $25^{\circ}C$ was more effective than the solution boiling. The concentration of Indigo in the cotton fabric increased with the increase of Indigo Pulverata Levis, but the concentration of indirubin did not increase particularly. The optimum temperature for the reduction was $60^{\circ}C$, and K/S value of dyed fabric decreased at over $60^{\circ}C$. The concentration of indigo and indirubin in the cotton fabric decreased as $Na_2S_2O_4$ concentration increased. In treating cotton fabric dyed with the Indigo Pulverata Levis by the $Na_2S_2O_4$, the concentration of indirubin decreased and the surface color of dyed cotton changed from purple blue to blue while the treatment temperature was getting higher.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2013

Market available fermented indigo powders of Indian origin (FI1, FI2), Chinese origin (FC1, FC2), and raw indigo powders of Indian origin (R1, R2) were examined using TLC and HPLC analyses to investigate their pigment contents. TLC analysis gave $R_f$ values of 0.81 and 0.72 for blue and red pigments, respectively. All the powder products and the synthetic and natural indigo standards eluted at 6.9 min and 8.3 min in the HPLC chromatograms, and the peaks showed the ${\lambda}_{max}$ at 610nm and 542nm, representing indigotin and indirubin, respectively. The pigment content calculated based on the area of indigotin and indirubin peaks in the HPLC chromatograms showed that the indigotin content was higher in FC1 and FC2, while FI1 and FI2 had a higher indirubin content. The relative percentage of indirubin was the highest in R2, but the HPLC peak intensity was quite low. Despite the higher indigotin content in FC1 and FC2, cotton dyed with FI1 and FI2 (versus cotton dyed with FC1 and FC2) showed a higher blue (B) hue, the highest K/S values, and the highest antimicrobial effect.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.117-118
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• 2000

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.216-221
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• 2019

The c-Met protein is a receptor tyrosine kinase involved in cell growth, proliferation, survival, and angiogenesis of several human tumors. Overexpression of c-Met has been found in gastric cancers and correlated with a poor prognosis. Indirubin is the active component of Danggui Longhui Wan, which is a traditional Chinese antileukemic recipe. In the present study, we tested the anti-cancer effects of an indirubin derivative, LDD-1937, on human gastric cancer cells SNU-638. When we performed the in vitro kinase assay against the c-Met activity, LDD-1937 inhibited the activity of c-Met. This result was confirmed by immunoblot and immunofluorescence of phosphorylated c-Met. Immunoblot analysis showed that LDD-1937 decreased the expression of the Erk1/2, STAT3, STAT5, and Akt, downstream proteins of c-Met. In addition, LDD-1937 reduced the cell viability and suppressed colony formation and migration of SNU-638 cells. Furthermore, LDD-1937 induced $G_2/M$ phase arrest in the SNU-638 cells by decreasing the expression levels of cyclin B1 and CDC2. Cleaved-PARP, an apoptosis-related protein, was up-regulated in cells treated with LDD-1937. Overall, this study suggests that LDD-1937 may be a novel small-molecule with therapeutic potential for selectively inhibiting c-Met and c-Met downstream pathways in human gastric cancers overexpressing c-Met.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.342-359
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• 2018

This research investigated the relationship between the amount of fixed pigment and the color of silk dyed with three types of fermented indigo powder dye under different temperatures and pH, by reduction or nonreduction method. Amount of fixed pigment was analyzed using the Ultimate 3000 HPLC-DAD instrument and the color of dyed silk was measured using the X-rite spectrocolorimeter. All silk samples dyed by reduction method showed PB color. The amount of indigotin fixation was dependent on the dyeing temperature and pH regardless of the indigotin composition in the dye. Indirubin was less dependent upon the dyeing condition in the reduction dyeing and its fixation was minimum level. Dyeing conditions which can maximize the indigotin fixation were $50^{\circ}C/pH$ 11 and $70^{\circ}C/pH$ 7 conditions in reduction dyeing. Color of silk showed more redness ($a^*$) thus higher PB color when the indigotin fixation was low and indirubin fixation was relatively high. Indirubin fixation was very low with slightly better fixation by nonreduction method. More reddish color was obtained by nonreduction dyeing, and by more alkaline dyebath.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.8-13
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• 2007

쪽풀 생잎에서 우려낸 색소 액에 소석회를 첨가한 후 쪽풀 색소의 침전물을 만들어서 냉동 건조시켜 쪽풀 색소를 제조하여, 그 성분을 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. UV분광광도, TLC 정성 분석, HPLC 측정 결과 쪽 분말 용액의 2개 bend가 나타났으며, 적색색소대인 540nm 와 청색 색소대인 620nm가 존재함을 알 수 있었다. 2. FT-IR 분석으로부터 $1627cm^{-1}$에서 채, $3200{\sim}3300cm^{-1}$에서 NH의 흡수대가 나타나고, 적색 및 청색 색소의 IR spectrum이 일치하였으며, 3. EI-mass 분석 결과 청색과 적색 색소의 fragment 이온의 m/z가 일치하고, $^1H_MNR$ 분석결과로부터 두 색소는 이성질체임을 알 수 있었고, 4. 쪽 염료 성분 함량을 조사한 결과 인디고 색소 4.06%와 인디루빈 1.06%이었다.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.91.2-91.2
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• 2003

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) regulate the cell division cycle, apoptosis, transcription and differentiation. Inhibition of CDK is a promising target in development of anti-cancer agents. An indirubin analog (AGM01l), a CDK inhibitor, is a synthetic compound that inhibits human cancer cell growth in vitro. AGM01l showed a potent cytotoxicity in cultured human cancer cell lines (IC$\sub$50/ = 5.43 ${\mu}$M for A549, human colon cancer cell; IC$\sub$50/ = 1.21 ${\mu}$M for SNU-638, human stomach cancer cell; IC$\sub$50/ 9.23 ${\mu}$M for HL-60, human leukemia cell). (omitted)

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.187.2-187.2
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• 2003

The cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), a group of serine/threonine kinases that form active heterodimeric complexes binding to cyclins, are key regulators of the cell cycle. The role of cyclin dependent kinases(CDKs) in cell cycle regulation has stimulated an interest in them as potential targets for proliferative diseases such as cancer, psoriasis, and chemotherapeutic agent-induced alopecia. Indirubin, an active ingredient of a traditional Chinese recipe Danggui Longhui Wan, are potent CDK inhibitors competing with ATP for binding to the catalytic site of the CDKs. (omitted)

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2000년도 제29회 국제학술심포지움 및 추계학술대회
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• pp.86-86
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• 2000

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.827-836
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• 2013

Indigotin, indirubin, berberine, palmatine, alizarin, and purpurin are major pigments of indigo plant, Phellodendron bark, and madder. The six pigments were examined using the HPLC-DAD-MS instrument for the purpose of the simultaneous detection of the pigments in a single sample run. The HPLC-DAD-MS method examined the individual pigment solutions in DMSO, a solution containing 6 pigments, and the DMSO extract of the silk dyed with a dye solution of 5 pigments excluding indirubin. The retention times of the HPLC chromatograms, ${\lambda}_{max}$ of the uv-vis absorption bands in the DAD analyses, and the molecular ions detected for the compound peaks in the MSD analyses were consistent throughout the analyses of individual pigment solutions, mixed pigment solutions, and dye extracted from silk dyeing. The developed instrumental method of the simultaneous detection of six pigments can identify dye in an exhumed textile if the textile is dyed using any one (or multiple) pigments of indigo, Phellodendron bark, or madder plant.