• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.34-47
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• 1989

The changing trend of longevity from 1955 through 1985 and its interprovincal variation were studied with longevity rate as indicator. In order to detect the affecting factors of longevity rate, eleven urbanalizational, geographic-environmental, demographic and social-economic variables were employed to carry out multiple stepwise regression analysis. The data used for this study were from Population Census Reports 1955-1985 published by EPB and Year book of Public Health and Social Statistics 1986 published by Ministry of Health and Social Affairs and other reference. Subsequent to that longevity rate decreased during 1950's it has increased continuously by the yeat of 1980's. This trend was especially remarkable in the south area and the GIRI mountain area in Korea. The stepwise regression analysis shows that the longevity rates were significantly associated with the independent variables, and the dependent variables explained at the level of 93.7percent-99.9 percent. Longevity is a reflection of the demographic and socio-economic, environmental and health resourses factor etc., longevity problems cannot be dealt with in isolation. The possible research and services which could be provided by government will be discuss.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.63-78
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• 2018

This study examined the insolvency of debtors using multiple-indicator approaches and compared the outcomes across income levels with the 2016 'Household Financial and Welfare Survey'. This study used (1) the total debt to total assets ratio (DTA), (2) the total debt service ratio (DSR), and (3) the Household Default Risk Index (HDRI) recently developed by the Bank of Korea. Households in the lowest income quintile were more likely to be insolvent than any other income group. Demographics, such as age and gender of the household head, and most of the financial variables significantly increased the likelihood of insolvency based on the DTA. The number of household members and job status increased the likelihood of insolvency based on the DSR. Also, age, gender of the household head, and most of the financial variables increased the likelihood of household insolvency based on the HDRI after controlling for other demographics and financial variables.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.69-87
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• 2014

이 논문에서는 구성 자료의 지구통계학적 시뮬레이션을 위해 다중 자료 변환 기반 조건부 시뮬레이션 틀을 제안하였다. 우선 일반적인 통계 기법의 적용이 가능하도록 구성 자료에 로그비 변환을 적용하였다. 다음 변환들로는 최소/최대 자기상관 인자 변환과 지시자 변환을 순차적으로 적용하였다. 독립적인 새로운 변수의 생성을 위해 최소/최대 자기상관 인자 변환을 적용하였으며, 적용 결과 개별 변수들의 독립적인 시뮬레이션이 가능해진다. 그리고 다중 가우시안 확률 모델을 따르지 않는 변수들의 비모수적 조건부 누적 확률 분포 모델링을 위해 지시자 변환을 적용하였다. 최종적으로는 적용한 변환 방법들의 역순으로 역 변환을 적용하였다. 간석지 표층 퇴적물 성분 자료를 대상으로 제안 시뮬레이션 기법의 적용 가능성을 예시하였다. 모든 시뮬레이션 결과들은 구성 자료의 제한 조건을 만족하면서 샘플 자료의 통계 특성을 잘 반영하였다. 구성 자료의 다수의 시뮬레이션 결과들을 이용한 표층 퇴적물 분류를 통해 기존 크리깅에서는 얻을 수 없는 분류 결과의 확률론적 평가가 가능하였다. 따라서 제안 시뮬레이션 틀은 다양한 구성 자료의 지구통계학적 시뮬레이션에 효과적으로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.240-250
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence and risk indicators of peri-implantitis in Korean patients with history of periodontal disease. Methods: A total of 444 patients with 1,485 implants were selected from patients who had been treated at the Department of Periodontology, Chonbuk National University Dental Hospital between July 2014 and June 2015. A group with a history of peri-implantitis (HP) (370 patients with 1,189 implants) and a group with a current peri-implantitis (CP) (318 patients with 1,004 implants) were created based on the radiographic and clinical assessments of implants. The prevalence of peri-implantitis was calculated at both the patient and implant levels. The influence of risk variables on the occurrence of peri-implantitis was analyzed using generalized estimating equations analysis. Results: The prevalence of peri-implantitis in the HP and CP groups ranged from 6.7% to 19.7%. The cumulative peri-implantitis rate in the HP group estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method was higher than that in the CP group over the follow-up period. Among the patient-related risk variables, supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) was the only significant risk indicator for the occurrence of peri-implantitis in both groups. In the analysis of implant-related variables, implants supporting fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) and implants with subjective discomfort was associated with a higher prevalence of peri-implantitis than single implants and implants without subjective discomfort in the HP group. The presence of subjective discomfort was the only significant implant-related variable predictive of peri-implantitis in the CP group. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the prevalence of peri-implantitis in Korean patients with a history of periodontal disease was similar to that reported in other population samples. Regular SPT was important for preventing peri-implantitis. Single implants were found to be less susceptible to peri-implantitis than those supporting FDP. Patients' subjective discomfort was found to be a strong risk indicator for peri-implantitis.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.539-549
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• 2023

Domestic processed food exports might increase due to the free trade agreement (FTA) and spread of the Korean Wave, Hallyu. However, the share of the domestic raw materials in the domestic processed food industry is very low at 31.4%, which limits the spillover effect on domestic agriculture. Therefore, we selected frozen dumplings as a representative processed food whose exports are growing rapidly and conducted a multiple regression analysis to examine the effects of Hallyu and FTA variables on the frozen dumpling exports. We tried to link them to an increase in agricultural income through the expansion of demand for the domestic raw materials. This study analyzed tariff indicator as the FTA variable, cosmetics export value indicator as the Hallyu Wave variable, and other variables expected to change the trade environment such as gross domestic product (GDP) and the relative exchange rate by country as the key explanatory variables that affect changes in the trade environment. The analysis showed that the core hypothesis, the Hallyu variable and the FTA variable, have a positive impact on frozen dumpling exports. Frozen dumpling exports are expected to increase as the FTAs and the spread of Hallyu are expected to continue for the foreseeable future. Therefore, we should seek ways to increase the proportion of domestically produced ingredients in the frozen dumplings to spread the economic impact to domestic agriculture. We reviewed previous studies and determined, the price-related factors play a major role in the use of imported ingredients, and that price stability and competitiveness are essential to increase the share of the domestically produced ingredients. Based on these conclusions, we reviewed the current status of food industry-related policies and determined measures needed to expand the use of domestically produced ingredients.

• 무역학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.229-262
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• 2020

The price-to-earnings ratio (PER) is an important indicator to measure the stock price and profitability of a firm; it is also the most used valuation indicator among investors. When using the PER to compare the investment values of different stocks, these stocks must come from the same sector. This study mainly focuses on the China's listed manufacturing firms. By learning from previous research results and analyzing the current situation, we studied the correlation between the manufacturing sector's PER and its influencing factors from both macro and micro perspectives, the combination of which eventually sheds light on such correlation. Analyzing GDP growth rate data, Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index, and other macroeconomic variables from 2008 to 2018, we conclude that these variables jointly have a certain impact on the average PER of the manufacturing sector. We then form panel data based on relevant (2014-2018) data gathered from 317 of China's A-listed manufacturing firms to study the impact of micro-variables on PER. By using Stata and other software to analyze the panel data, we reach the conclusion that the Debt to Asset Ratio, Return on Equity, EPS growth rate, Operating Profit Ratio, Dividend Payout Ratio, and firm size have a significant impact on PER. The Current Ratio, Treasury Stock ratio and Ownership Concentration have no distinct effect on PER. Based on our empirical findings, we design a theoretical model that affects the PER.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제27호
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• pp.162-167
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• 2001

The true space is the physical world affected a gravity but the cyber space is the world that rise above physical status and show developed space. This study shows that the factors of objective valuation and the indicators for the behavior analysis. It is established that the structural design indicators using the simulation have 4 steps; The indicator of complex space, the diagram of cognitive image, is the analysis of emotion and stimulation, and the dependent variables. Moreover the indicator of complex space is illustrated the connection degree, the symmetry, the axis of sight, and the degree of space division. For the effective analysis, the simulation is to be made matched with the true environment. Thus the simulation has the capability of the objective and correct more than those of true architectural environment. And it could establish immediately the experimental data and response.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.424-428
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• 2013

레지오넬라균에 의한 자연환경의 수체 및 각종 시설 용수의 오염도를 조사하는데 적용할 수 있는 오염도 지표를 통상적으로 측정되는 수질항목 중에서 선정하려는 목적으로, 다양한 수체에 적용된 수질항목들이 레지오넬라균 오염도와 어느 정도 유의한 상관관계를 맺는 지에 관한 메타분석을 실시하였다. 환경부의 수질관리 지침에서 레지오넬라균 오염도의 위험지수로 사용되고 있는 대장균의 경우, 총대장균군 항목과 레지오넬라균 검출여부의 교차비(odds ratio; OR)로 분석하였는데, 교차비는 1.05(0.36-3.12, 95% CI)로, 오즈의 차이가 없을 확률이 0.92에 달하였다. 또한, 총대장균군 자료는 유의한 수준의 자료간 이질성을 보였으며(P=0.008), 무작위적인 자료간 이질성이 전체 교차비 변량의 63%를 차지하였다. 종속영양세균수(HPC)의 교차비가 2.72(2.04-3.63)로 1 보다 매우 유의하게 높았고(P<0.0001), 자료간 이질성이 없었다($Q_{df=8}$=12.7, P=0.12). 탁도와 염소농도, 철과 구리 이온의 농도 등이 레지오넬라균 검출여부와 함께 조사되는 통상적 수질항목이었으나, 자료수의 부족과 정량 자료의 통일성 부족으로 적절한 메타분석이 수행 될 수 없었다. 결론적으로, 분변균의 오염도 보다, 수중 레지오넬라균 서식지(아메바와 생물막)의 양을 표현하는 종속영양세균수가 레지오넬라균의 오염도 지표로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료되며, 실험 방법의 표준화와 경계값을 판단하는 후속 연구가 필요하다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.33-62
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• 2003

이 연구의 목적은 사망수준의 저하에 영향을 미치는 세 요소-사회경제적 발전, 공공 보건의 발달, 사회경제적 발달의 균등상태-의 상대적 중요성을 분석하는 것이다. 종속변수인 사망 수준의 지표로는 영아사망률과 출생시 기대수명 등 두 변수가 사용되었다. 국민총생산(GNP)은 사회 경제적 발달지표로 여성의 초등학교 취학률과 기니계수(GINI index)는 사회경제적 균등상태 지표로 병원침대당 인구수는 공공보건 지표로 간주되었다. 변수들에 대한 자료는 두 시점에 걸쳐 수집되었다. 하나는 1970년 이전 53개국에서. 다른 하나는 1970-80년대 55개국에서 수집되었다. 탐색적 자료 분석 방법이 통계 분석 방법으로 사용되었다. 이 기법은 종속변수와 독립변수와의 관계가 선형인지 아닌지, 그리고 우리 모형에서 어느 것이 유력 사례인지를 파악할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 분석결과에 따르면, 첫째로 영아 사망률과 세 요소의 관계가 선형이 아니라 비선형임이 밝혀졌다. 영아 사망률 저하에 국민총생산이 가장 많이, 여성의 초등학교 취학률이 두 번째, 기니계수가 그 다음으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 반면 병원침대당 인구수는 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 보여주지 않았다. 둘째, 출생시 기대수명은 여성의 취학률, 기니계수 등과 같은 변수와는 선형 관계를 가지는 반면 국민총생산 변수와는 비선형 관계를 가진다. 영아사망률 변수와는 달리 출생시 기대수명의 변이에는 여성의 초등학교 취학률이 국민총생산보다 더 커다란 영향을 미쳤다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권8호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2021

To provide empirical evidence on the impact of export instability on economic growth in developing countries, this study estimated the neoclassical production function using data of the Jordanian economy for the period 1995-2019. Real exports, real capital, and export instability were the independent variables in the production function. To determine the appropriate methodology for estimating the production function, the study conducted some preliminary tests, including the Augmented-Dickey Fuller (ADF), on the study data. The results of this test indicated that all study variables were stationary at first difference. Therefore, the Johanson cointegration test was applied to determine that there was cointegration between the study variables since the results of the former test indicated that there was one cointegration vector between these variables. The cointegration equation revealed a positive and statistically significant impact of real capital, real exports, and an indicator of export instability on economic growth. The most important policy implications for these results would be reducing the geographical concentration of exports through the expansion of free trade agreements (FTA) to enhance the positive impact of the instability of exports on economic growth. Moreover, the study recommends strengthening export-oriented actions to achieve higher levels of economic growth.