• 경영과학
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2007

This paper presents a consolidated patent index to measure national technology innovation and science technology activation, as well as index for the main constituent such as corporation, research organization by comprehensive analysis of existing patent index. It is classified by macroscopic index and analytical index in the consolidated patent index, in which macroscopic index is to present a degree of innovation in national scientific innovation and is divided into the Consolidated Patent Index and Index for comparison between countries. The analytical index basically designed to measure R&D activity by the main constituent is divided to present by quantitative index utilizing bibliographical data in patent and other technical publication related therein, and qualitative index for analysis of bibliographical data. In this paper, the Consolidated Patent Index is presented by adding Creation Index representing for patent by developing excellent technology, Evaluation Index representing valuable technology thereof, and Utility Index representing applicability diffused.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2023년도 학술발표회
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• pp.438-438
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• 2023

최근 전 세계적으로 기후변화가 심해지고 있어 자연재해 또한 늘어나고 있다. 많은 자연재해 중 겨울철 재해인 대설 피해는 2012년부터 2021년까지 10년동안 약 1,200억의 피해액이 발생하였고 많은 재산 피해의 위험이 있어 지속적인 연구가 필요하다. 그 중 충남지역의 피해액은 약 200 억으로 우리나라의 피해액 중 두 번째로 많다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 PSR(Pressure Index, State Index, Response Index)과 DPSIR(Driver force Index, Pressure Index, State Index, Impact Index, Response Index) 방법을 이용하여 충남지역의 대설에 대한 취약성을 분석하여 더 신뢰할 수 있는 대설 위험지역을 제시하였다. PSR 방법은 압력지수, 상태지수, 반응지수로 구분되고, DPSIR 방법은 추진력, 압력, 상태, 영향, 대책 지수로 나뉜다. 각 지표에 해당하는 데이터베이스를 구축하고 엔트로피 방법을 이용하여 가중치를 산정하고 충남지역의 대설 취약성 지수를 산출하였다. 2018년부터 2022년까지 최근 5년 동안의 충남지역의 대설피해를 기준으로 PSR(Pressure Index, State Index, Response Index)과 DPSIR(Driver force Index, Pressure Index, State Index, Impact Index, Response Index) 방법을 이용하여 산출한 지수를 비교한 결과 DPSIR(Driver force Index, Pressure Index, State Index, Impact Index, Response Index) 방법을 이용하여 산출된 취약성 지수가 더 신뢰할 수 있는 결과를 보였다. 본 연구의 결과 대설피해 발생 시 대설 위험지수가 높은 지역을 선제적으로 대비할 수 있고 효율적인 제설대응체계를 구축할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2019

Purpose - The objective of this paper is to discover if there exists a relationship between the economic index and distribution industry index in Korean. Because of the distribution industry boom in the recent years, a lot of interest in the relationship between the economic index and distribution industry index in Korean and the economy has been generated. This article examine on the mutual influence between economic index and distribution industry index in Korean. Research design, data, and methodology - For this purpose, we use the vector-auto regression model, impulse response function and variance decomposition of the economic index and distribution industry index, Granger causality test using weekly data on the economic index and distribution industry price index in korea. The sample period is covering from January 2, 2010 to August 31, 2019. The VAR model can also be linked to cointegration analysis. Cointegration Analysis makes possible to find a mechanism causing x and y to move around a long-run equilibrium (Engle and Granger, 1987). This equilibrium means that external shocks may separate the series temporarily at any particular time, but there will be an overall tendency towards some type of long-run equilibrium. If variables are found to have this tendency they are said to be cointegrated and a long-run relationship between these series is established. These econometric tools have been applied widely into economics and business areas to analyze intertemporal linkages between different time series. Results - This research showed following main results. First, from the basic statistic analysis of the economic index and distribution industry index in Korean, the economic index and the distribution industry index in korea have unit roots. Second, there is at least one cointegration between the economic index and distribution industry index in Korean. Finally, the correlation between of the economic index and the distribution industry index in korea is (+) 0.528876. Conclusions - We find that the distribution industry price index Granger cause the economic index in korea. As a consequence, the distribution industry index affect the economic index in Korean. The distribution industry index to the economic index is stronger than that from the economic index to the distribution industry index.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.1299-1313
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• 2010

Top-k 질의는 데이터베이스에서 사용자가 가장 원하는 k개의 객체를 구하는 질의이다. Top-k 질의를 효율적으로 처리하는 대표적인 연구로 Partitioned-Layer Index (간단히, PL-index) 방법이 있다. PL-index는 데이터베이스를 여러 개의 더 작은 데이터베이스로 분할하고 각 분할된 데이터베이스에 대해 sublayer들의 list (간단히, sublayer list)를 구성한다. 이때, 분할된 데이터베이스에 대해서 top-i 결과가 될 수 있는 객체들을 그 분할된 데이터베이스에 대한 i번째 sublayer로 구성한다. 그리고 주어진 질의에 맞춰 그 sublayer list들을 병합함으로써 질의 결과를 구한다. PL-index는 질의 처리 시 데이터베이스로부터 읽어 들이는 객체의 개수가 매우 작다는 장점을 가지지만, sublayer list들을 병합할 때에 임의 접근(random access)이 많이 발생하기 때문에 디스크 기반의 데이터베이스 환경에서 질의 처리 성능이 저하된다. 이에 본 논문에서는 임의 접근 횟수를 줄임으로써 디스크 기반의 데이터베이스 환경에서 PL-index의 질의 처리 성능을 크게 향상시키는 요약된(Abstracted) Partitioned-Layer Index (간단히, APL一index)를 제안한다. 먼저, PL-index의 각 sublayer를 가상의 (점) 객체로 요약함으로써 sublayer list들을 이러한 점 객체들의 list들(즉, APL-index)로 변형한다. 그리고 APL-index에 대해 질의 처리를 가상으로 수행하여 실제 질의 처리 시 접근할 sublayer를 예측한다, 그리고 예측된 sublayer들을 sublayer list별로 한꺼번에 읽어 들임으로 PL-index에서 발생하는 임의 접근 횟수를 줄인다. 합성 데이터와 실제 데이터에 대한 실험을 통하여 제안한 APL-index가 PL-index의 임의 접근 횟수를 크게 줄일 수 있음을 보인다.

• 정보화연구
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.123-135
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 XML 필터링 질의의 효율적 처리를 위한 이차원 그룹핑 색인기법인 2DG-index를 제안한다. 최근 XML데이터의 질의 처리를 위해 조상-후손관계 또는 부모-자식관계 등의 구조적 관계를 효율적으로 처리하기 위한 많은 연구들이 수행되었다. 그러나 이러한 연구들은 경로 질의에만 초점을 두고 있으며 특정 조건 값을 포함하는 필터링 질의에 대해서는 고려하지 않고 있다. 2DGindex는 필터링 질의를 효율적으로 처리하기 위한 방안으로 XML 스키마의 경로 도메인과 필터링 데이터 값의 도메인으로 구성된 이차원 도메인 공간상의 색인 엔트리들의 클러스터링을 다루는 색인기법이다. 2DG-index의 성능평가를 위하여 특정 조건 값을 포함하는 질의의 유형을 세 가지로 분류하고, 이러한 질의 유형별로 2DG-index의 질의처리 성능을 기존의 일차원 색인구조를 이용하는 색인기법인 데이터 값별로 그룹핑한 DG-index와 경로별로 그룹핑한 PG-index와 비교하여 2DG-inedx의 효율성을 입증한다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.561-573
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• 1997

The keratinized mucosa around the implant is an important key in health of soft tissue and hard tissue. The purpose of this study is showed that the keratinized mucosa is associated with the keratinized mucosa index, plaque index, gingival index, probing depth. which is investigated to observing the peri-implant mucosa of mandibular partial edentulous patuent using periodontal parameter by previously published paper. It was estimated 6 site with regard to 80 fixture for 28 person, and the average age is 46.8. Each estimation is the order of less trauma, that is, plaque index, keratinized mucosa index, gingival index and probing depth. In this study, statstically analyzed treatment is used for Spss V 7.0 for Windows(Spss Inc, USA). The Kruskal Walis Test is used to compare the amount of the keratinized mucosa is into the $0{\sim}3$ index, with plaque index, gingival index and probing depth. Mann-whitney Test is used to interpreate the relation of plaque index and probing depth, which is showed significant difference. The Result are as follows 1. The kertinized mucosa index 3 amounts to 47.7%, which is much higher than the other indices and the index order is followed 3, 1, 2 and O. 2. The plaque index 1 amounts to 61.7%, which is much higher than the other indices and the index order is followed 1, 2, 3 and O. The plaque index 0 is significant to each of index(P<0.05). The plaque index is decrease as the keratinized mucosa index is increased. 3. The probing depth for 2mm, 1mm, 3mm is 48.9%, 23.5%, 16.8% respectively, which is most occupied. The probing depth 2mm and 3mm for the keratinized mucosa index is significant(P<0.05). The probing index is decreased as the keratinized mucosa index is increased. 4. The gingival index 0 amounts to 58.0%, which is much higher than the other indices and the index order is followed 0, 1, 2 and 3.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제94권2호통권159호
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• pp.82-89
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to investigate index numbers by conducting various comparisons among the widely used index formulas. The comparison is considered in three ways; 1) divergences in the magnitudes of index numbers due to the use of different formulas (Laspeyres, Paasche, Fisher, and Tornqvist); 2) the effect of selection of base year (fixed-year base vs. chain-type); 3) the degree of approximation of indirect to direct quantity index. The empirical application is to sawmills and planing mills industry of U.S. using a national time series data covering years of 1948-2000. The results show that the differences between Laspeyres and Paasche index can be substantial in some cases while the difference between Fisher and Tornqvist index is minimal. We also confirm that the selection of base year can cause significant divergences, especially when the variables undergo rapid price or quantity changes over time. We find that indirect quantity index approximates direct quantity index reasonably well in U.S. sawmill industry.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제17권32호
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• pp.281-296
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• 1994

In this paper, a new index(joint index) which shows the higher confidence than that of the existing technical indices and has simple logical structure and an index which is an applied form of the existing index(OBV-I index) are proposed. The index characteristics which have been known are verified by choosing the three most used technical indices(ADR index, investment psychological rate and VR index) as samples. And the index characteristics of the joint index are compared to those of the OBV-I index. The comparisons are executed not by comparing the investment earning rate of each index but by calculating the unnecessary number of trade days in the total number of trade days according to the index.

• 농촌계획
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2024

There is a serious risk of regional extinction due to low birth rate and aging in Korea. Accordingly, the regional extinction index is applied to diagnose the extinction status of cities, counties, and districts. However, when the regional extinction index was applied to rural villages, most villages were found to be at 'high risk of extinction'. There is no differentiation in the level of extinction of rural villages. Therefore, a village extinction index was developed to apply to rural villages. This study applies and compares the existing regional extinction index and the newly developed village extinction index to rural villages. The purpose is to propose an index that can better diagnose the extinction of rural villages. As a research method, the regional extinction index and village extinction index are applied to all villages in Haengjeong-ri villages in South Chungcheong Province. And the adequacy of the index suitable for rural villages is diagnosed. For this purpose, ➂ stage distribution for each two indices, ➂ demographic aspect diagnosis, and ➂ resident awareness survey were analyzed. When the village extinction index was used, the discrimination problems seen in the regional extinction index were overcome. As a result of the demographic analysis, the regional extinction index showed that villages with a population of 200 or more were at 'high risk of extinction', but the village extinction index was derived as 'high risk of extinction' for villages with underpopulated populations. Lastly, the results of the residents' awareness survey also showed that the village extinction index was well reflected in the actual situation of rural villages when applied. When the village extinction index was applied to rural villages rather than the regional extinction index, it was found to reflect the actual state of rural extinction better.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.89-94
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• 1992

To evaluate Helhimo's Anamnestic Dysfunction Index(AI), Helkimo's Clinical Dysfunction Index(HDI), and Friction's Craniomandibular Index(CMI) in Korean Young population, clinical examinations were performed in 207 dental college students who were healthy and had no evidence of the craniomandibular disorders. The obtained results were as follows; 1. The mean values of the Helkimo's Anamnestic Index(AI), Clinical Dysfunction Index(HDI), Fricton's Palpation Index(PI), Dysfunction Index(DI), and Craniomandibular Index(CMI) were 0.35, 0.71, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.04 in male subjects. 2. The mean values of the Helkimo's Anamnestic Index(AI), Clinical Dysfunction Index(HDI), Fricton's Palpation Index(PT), Dysfunction Index(DI), and Fricton's Craniomandibular Index(CMI) were 0.42, 0.72, 0.02, 0.04, and 0.03 in female subjects. 3. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female subjects in each parameter. 4. The palpation index(PI) observed in Korean Young Population was lower than that in American population.