• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.141-152
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• 2021

A new statistical model needs additional variables in order to re-evaluate the undecided inference. Then the MNAR assumption is required, since the probabilities for the positivity of the indeterminant and the determinant is calculated differently. In this study, since two statistical models have a hierarchical relationship, we determine the undecided inference under the MNAR assumption using the confidence interval of the difference between two AUCs. Among many methods of estimating the confidence interval of the AUC difference, it is found that four kinds of methods show excellent performance through simulations. And based on these methods, we propose a variable selection method that are useful for the undecided inference using logistic regression models.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.20-27
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• 2005

This study is focused on the concept and spatial organization of bifurcation. After discussing the concept of bifurcation used in Borges' literature and Deleuze's Fold philosophy, case examples in contemporary architecture are analysed to comparatively investigate the relationship between the concept and space. In Deleuze's philosophy, bifurcation as well as pleats, inflection are used to form the world of fold that goes to infinity while, in Borges' literature, the structure of bifurcation is the key method to create the labyrinth of time. There are various projects in contemporary architecture based on the Deleuzian concept of bifurcation. Rem Koolhaas's Two Libraries for Jussieu University and UN Studio's Arnhem Central are selected and researched for further comparison study. In Jussieu project, the bifurcating spatial organization is 'intentionally' used to construct the indeterminant space whereas in Arnhem Central, bifurcation can be found in both the ever-bifurcating design process as well as the final spatial organization'unintentionally'generated from the process. This study is concluded with the comparative analysis between the representation and actualization of a concept that are crucially different.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.45
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• pp.179-199
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• 1999

Indeterminancy is one of the thought systems which explains all things with not 'either-or' but 'both-and' the conditions and qualities of human identities and inner state. A view of the world of Dionisos of Nietzsche's and the character of Manneristic trend which has resolved the sense of alienation of men by paradoxic expression has succeeded to romanticism surrealism and postmodernism. 1. Cross-dressing has increased under contemporary conditions. There also have been various cross-dressing phenomena in the past but it appears strongly now that it would destroy the cultural stereotypes and give rise to the cultural insecurities in contemporary conditions. 2. The indeterminancy of status that is wealth versus poverty impacts on variations of contemporary dress. This has been represented by neglecting traditional code which is related to wealth in costume by conversion of the symbols of wealth and poverty as disguise with moderation simplicity and additionally poverty image instead of ostentation. 3. In the cultural aspect that is mother culture/ subculture the author has investigated black street fashion which has newly become visible. The black street fashion is wide spread in black popular music such as jazz Rhythm & Blues Reggae and Rap which is subculture against white. The external values of indeterminancy in fashion are n대-manneristic tendencies as deformation eclectic friction and irrational structure and graffiti method. The inner values by indeterminant expression in fashion are irony and paradox grotesque satire and amusement.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.107-123
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• 1996

The position effects on the abortion of flowers, fruits, and ovules were examined in relation to the resource limitation hypothesis using a temperate legume species, Vicia cracca. Fifty plants were randomly sampled from a natural population located at the Belmont Conservation Site in Belmont, MA, USA. Due to indeterminant growth and acropetal flowering of this species, the position of flower or fruit on the plant was able to be coded by the combination of architectural levels such as plant half (lower and upper half) and inflorescence half (lower and upper half) within each plant half. Overall, only 17.3% of the flowers on an inflorescence began to develop into fruits, while overall 36.0% of the fruits initiated failed to mature. Consequently, 11.5% of the flowers successfully matured into fruits. The mean flower number per inflorescence differed significantly among plants as well as between plant halves. Although the probability of fruit initiation was higher in the lower halves of both plant and inflorescence than in the upper halves of the latter, fruit abortion rate differed significantly only between plant halves. The overall mean seed set was 33.6%, implying that about two out of six ovules in a fruit matured into seeds. The seed set was independent of both plant identity and architectural level unlike other reproductive characters examined. When the ovule developmental stage was examined on data pooled over all fruits, the proportion of ovules in varying developmental stages decreased in order of early abortion, seed maturation, late abortion, and seed predation (48.4, 34.9, 12.2, and 4.5%, respectively). A within-fruit ovule position was also used as a class variable for the analysis of position effects on ovule development. All architectural levels considered exerted singificant influence over the ovule development. In particular, ovule development was strongly affected by the within-fruit ovule position. Ovules in both extreme ends within a fruit tended to abort early, while those in the middle position were more likely to mature into seeds. The strong position effects detected from the flowering to seed maturation stage were interpreted as an indication of competitive interaction among reproductive characters which are largely constrained by plant architecture.