• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.89-101
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to explore the housing pathways of middle-class married women toward owning a first home. In doing so, an in-depth interview as a qualitative method was conducted, life history was utilized to track down the path to first-home owning, and all the interviews were transcribed for analysis. The research participants were well-educated middle-class full-time housewives owning a home. The findings indicated that family formation through marriage and child birth was a primary driving force to buy a home. It was shown that owning a home was perceived not just as a stepping stone for building both family wealth and social capital but as one of the most important pillars to reinforcing traditional family values. In spite of some intergenerational distinctions on the path toward home owning, commonalities across generations included that home owning was considered to be a social icon for middle-class, it became almost impossible for younger generations without parental support which stimulated the intergenerational transfer of wealth, and it was greatly determined by both family income (affordability) and home finance options(borrowing capacity). This research implies that the changing social landscape transforms the value on homeownership and could undermine the socioeconomic strengths of home owning. Nonetheless, it's of importance to strategically assist first homebuyers who are likely to be a member of middle-class.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.364-373
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• 2021

Background: This study aims to examine the regressiveness of national health insurance (NHI) premium burdens for local subscribers. The government has established a restructuring of health insurance contributions in 2017. Therefore, insurance premium reform began in 2018 and the second national health insurance premium reform will be carried out in 2022. We will analyze local subscribers before and after the policy reform of 2018. Methods: This study used data from 'local premium imposition elements' in the health insurance statistics annual reports (2017-2019) on National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). This study was calculated contribution rates according to levels of income and property for local insured by the method of comparing. Simulations of primary and secondary reforms were conducted in the study to determine regressiveness. Results: Insurance premiums for local subscribers were analyzed separately by income and property insurance premiums. In the income premium analysis, the higher the income, the lower the premium rate, and then the fixed rate was maintained from a certain section. The regressiveness of income insurance premiums has been eased in part. On the other hand, the property insurance premium burden was found to be regressive still by income class. Conclusion: Regressiveness analysis showed that a decrease in income contributions was achieved to local insured in the first phase of reform. But in the second phase of reform, more consideration should be given to reductions of property premium portions of local subscribers. Based on the results, the author suggested policy discussions to reorganizing the new systems of NHI contribution of local Insured.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 1996년도 제48차 추계 학술대회 연제집
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• pp.245-246
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• 1996

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 1997년도 추계 학술대회 연제집
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• pp.268-269
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• 1997

• 사회복지연구
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.51-83
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• 2018

본 연구는 IMF 이후 소득 차원에서의 분배 악화와 유사하게 시간사용의 분배에서도 소득계층간 격차가 심화되고 있는 지를 검토하고, 그 영향요인을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 다국가시간사용조사(MTUS)와 생활시간조사 자료를 활용하여 프랑스, 네덜란드, 스페인, 영국, 미국, 한국 등 6개국을 대상으로 다층분석(HLM)을 실시하였다. 주요 분석결과를 제시하면, 첫째, 분석대상 국가들에서 저소득층은 유급노동시간은 길고 여가시간은 짧은 반면, 고소득층은 유급노동시간이 짧고 여가시간은 긴 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 한국의 저소득층은 비교 국가 중 유급노동시간이 가장 길고 여가시간은 가장 짧아, 일-여가 균형이 가장 낮은 수준이었고, 이러한 양상은 IMF 이후 회복되지 않고 있었다. 셋째, 다층분석 결과, 가구소득이 낮을수록 유급노동시간은 증가하고 일-여가 균형은 감소하여 장시간 노동이 특정 집단으로 귀결되는 시간 불평등 양상이 포착되었다. 넷째, 연평균노동시간은 유급노동시간을 증가시키는 반면, 가족정책지출, 재분배 정책, 소득보장정책은 유급노동시간을 감소시키는 요인으로 드러났다. 다섯째, 연평균노동시간은 일-여가 균형을 감소시켰으나, 가족정책지출, 재분배정책, 소득보장정책은 일-여가 균형을 증가시켰다. 본 연구의 의의는 IMF 이후 한국 사회에서 소득 분배뿐 아니라 시간 사용에서의 계층 간 불평등이 심화되어 왔음을 규명하였다는 것이다. 연구결과에 기초하여 본 연구는 시간을 재구조화하는 정책적 개입 전략으로 노동시간 규제 강화, 육아휴직제도 활성화와 소득대체율 실질화, 소득 재분배 관련 정책 확대, 소득보장과 시간보장 정책의 상호보완적 발전 등을 제시하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.331-341
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• 2019

본 연구는 외환위기 이후 소득계층별 보건의료비 지출이 가구소득 불평등에 미치는 영향과 그 변화를 확인하기 위하여 1996년부터 2016년도 가계소득조사를 활용하여 지니계수를 시계열적으로 산출하였다. 도출된 결과와 함의는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 외환위기 이후 가구 총소득 불평등은 연도별로 다소 변화는 있지만 지속적으로 심화되어 왔다. 둘째, 소득계층별 보건의료비 지출은 고소득층이 더 많이 지출하는 다소 불평등한 수준을 지속적으로 유지하고 있다. 셋째, 가구소득 불평등에 대한 보건의료비 지출의 영향을 평가하기 위하여 보건의료비 지출을 제외한 가구소득에 대한 지니계수를 산출한 결과, 총소득 지니계수 보다 그 값이 커져서 가구의 보건의료비 지출로 인하여 소득불평등이 심화되는 것으로 나타났다. 보건의료비 지출로 인한 가구소득 불평등 심화현상은 외환위기 이후 지속적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 국민의료비 부담을 감소시키기 위한 목적으로 건강보험보장성 강화 등 노력이 지속적으로 이루어지고 있지만 소득불평등 해소에는 기여하지 못하는 것이다. 향후 저소득층의 의료비 지출 감소를 위한 보다 저소득층을 위한 선택적인 의료비 지원제도의 마련이 필요할 것이다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.97-108
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• 1988

The purpose of this study is to classify the type of the Korean document chest, mungab through the literature and market survey and to investigate the preference on characteristics of the mungab. It also attempts to find out the aesthetic perception of the type of mungab by using semantic differential scales. A pilot study was conducted to select the types and pictures of the mungab. Three types and six pictures of mungab were selected. Six hundred homemakers of middle and upper class residing in seoul area were selected for the survey and 449 among them were used for data analysis. Data were analyzed using the SPSS program. The major findings are as follows: 1) The esult of pilot test, the presentative characteristics of mungab were classified into naive type, unique type, and elaborate type. 2) it was found that the modernized style of traditional mungab was wood grain and the next one was Najonchiligi. In the characteristics of decoration which was symbolic pattern, Shi-Jang-Saeng was predominant. In wanting style when they buy, the modernized style of traditional Korean chest was predominant, too. 3) Young and low income group preferred modern style using transparent paint and Sa-Goon-Ja, letters in the symbolic patterns of decoration. Old and high income group preferred traditional style using splendid and expensive materials and Ship Jang Saeng in the symbolic decoration. 4) compared with types of mungab in aesthetic perception, modern style of the traditional mungab was evaluated more positively than traditional style. The young and low income group perceived the naive type and unique type positively, but the old and high income group perceived the elaborate type the most positively.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.259-268
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• 2008

Children's food behaviors have been expressed in a various ways because of recent changes in their family environment. Thus, this study was performed to investigate in-depth qualitative research on the mother's perception on children's food behaviors by focused group interview. This study was designed in four steps of planning, collection of participants, process, and analysis. Participants for the focus group interview were recruited and sampled from households with elementary school students in the Seoul and Gyeonggido areas. Groups were divided by total income and education expense levels. 1) High income household: It is better to improve currently existing web sites for nutrition education. 2) Mid income household: Easy, practical, and inexpensive off-line cooking class/nutrition education classes for mothers are needed. Nutrition programs for children should be developed through mass media and be promoted in the broadcasting circle. 3) Low income household: Motivation is required for mothers' educatior and the serious nutritional problems of children should be informed through mass media and home correspondence from school. And interesting educational materials should be developed for children to read whenever they want.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.560-571
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• 2020

소방, 방재, 방범 등과 같이 시민의 생명과 재산을 보호하는 보장성 서비스들은 거주지의 위치나 개인의 지위, 소득 등과 관계없이 누구에게나 공평하게 제공되어야 한다. 본 논문은 대전광역시를 중심으로 소방서비스의 분포가 공간적·계층적으로 평등하게 제공되고 있는지를 분석하였다. 공간적 형평성을 확인하기 위하여 도시 내 모든 거주지에 대해 소방서비스의 접근성을 분석하였다. 또한, 접근성 분석 결과와 함께 각 지역의 저소득층 분포현황 및 예측 소득 데이터를 비교하여 소방서비스의 소외지역이 소득계층의 분포와 관련성이 있는지를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 5분 이내에 소방서비스를 제공받을 수 있는 지역의 면적은 대전시 전체의 46.2%였으며, 이 지역에 거주하는 인구는 전체 인구의 98.0%로 나타났다. 5분 이내에 소방서비스를 제공받지 못하는 지역의 노령연금 수급자 비율은 52.7%로 대전시 평균인 7.14%보다 월등히 높았다. 또한 소방서비스의 제공이 5분을 초과하는 지역에서는 서비스 도달이 지연되는 지역일수록 예측 소득이 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 대전시 외곽지역에 거주하는 경제적 취약계층이 균등한 도시서비스를 제공받지 못하고 있는 것으로 판단되며, 이에 따른 정책적 고려가 요구된다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.311-327
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• 2009

This study was performed to determine the health and nutritional risk factors associated with hypertension in Koreans over the age of 50 in a high-income class (more than twice as much family income as the 2005 Korean minimum cost of living, 668,540 Won). A total of 505 subjects aged over 50 from the 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were divided into two groups: A hypertension group (HG) (N=151, Systolic Blood Pressure ${\geq}$140 mmHg or Diastolic Blood Pressure ${\geq}$90 mmHg) and normal group (NG) (N=354). Subjects who took hypertension medicines or underwent diet therapy were excluded. In HG, mean daily alcohol intake and the amount of alcohol consumption per one occasion were significantly higher than in NG, respectively. A greater number of hypertension subjects answered that they drank alcohol to reduce stress as compared to normal subjects. HG also took fewer dietary supplements than NG. Mean body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fasting blood sugar level, and 2 hour postprandial blood sugar following a glucose load were significantly higher in HG than in NG, respectively. Also, iron, thiamin, and niacin intakes and the consumption frequency of seaweeds were significantly lower in HG than in NG, respectively. Finally, obesity (BMI ${\geq}$25 $kg/m^2$), abdominal obesity (waist circumference ${\geq}$90 cm for males, ${\geq}$ 80 cm for females), high blood sugar level 2 hours after an oral glucose load (${\geq}$140~200 mg/dl), and hypertriglyceridemia (serum TG ${\geq}$200 mg/dl) were related to a significantly higher risk of hypertension in the subjects (odds ratio: 1.884~3.040). In conclusion, dietary factors such as higher alcohol consumption; lower intakes of iron, thiamin, and niacin; lower consumption frequency of seaweeds; and metabolic syndrome were associated with hypertension in the study subjects.