• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.645-662
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• 2024

Climate change, driven by the natural process of global warming, is a worldwide issue of significant concern because of its adverse effects on livestock output. The increasing trend of environmental temperature surging has drastically affected meat production and meat product quality, hence result in economic losses for the worldwide livestock business. Due to the increasing greenhouse gas emissions, the situation would get prolonged, and heat exposure-related stress is expected to worsen. Heat exposure causes metabolic and physiological disruptions in livestock. Ruminants and monogastric animals are very sensitive to heat stress due to their rate of metabolism, development, and higher production levels. Before slaughter, intense hot weather triggers muscle glycogen breakdown, producing pale, mushy, and exudative meat with less water-holding capacity. Animals exposed to prolonged high temperatures experience a decrease in their muscle glycogen reserves, producing dry, dark, and complex meat with elevated final pH and increased water-holding capacity. Furthermore, heat stress also causes oxidative stresses, especially secondary metabolites from lipid oxidation, severely affects the functionality of proteins, oxidation of proteins, decreasing shelf life, and food safety by promoting exfoliation and bacterial growth. Addressing the heat-related issues to retain the sustainability of the meat sector is an essential task that deserves an inclusive and comprehensive approach. Considering the intensity of the heat stress effects, this review has been designed primarily to examine the consequences of hot environment temperatures and related stresses on the quality and safety of meat and secondarily focus on cutting edge technology to reduce or alleviate the situational impact.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.81-92
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• 2024

This study analyzed augmented reality (AR) technology use in the fashion industry by classifying them based on product, wearer, space, purpose, and use. In this study, 76 cases of AR technology use in the fashion industry that were analyzed in domestic and foreign portals (Google, Naver, etc.) and research articles were collected and analyzed. The study found that in AR technology cases, the dimensions of the product, wearer, and space were utilized in various ways, including real, virtual, and their combination. AR technology was used diversely and creatively in design and product development, marketing and publicity, fashion shows, try-ons, online and offline sales and distribution, etc. Through AR technology, the categories of fashion products, concept of fashion shows, try-on methods, marketing and promotional tools, and sales tools are expanded more creatively from the existing framework. For inclusive growth within the fashion industry in the future, the national government, local governments, and large corporations should develop measures in bridging the digital gap, such as the use of AR technology according to technological readiness, capital, and age.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.289-309
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• 2013

Social enterprise has moved from periphery to take center stage. Social enterprises are a truly global phenomenon and associated with solving social problems with business approaches. While the numbers of social enterprises have grown and their impact is likely to continue to do so, it would be dangerous to assume that the revolutionary momentum will automatically continue, because social enterprise faced sustainability challenges. This study collected the data from directory of Korean Social Enterprise to conduct a quantitative research on the growth of social enterprise in South Korea. This study conducted longitudinal analysis of 491 social enterprise certified between 2007 and 2010, of economic performance with financial index and social impact with employment structure. Though global financial crisis, Korean social enterprises show that there is a considerable increase in all of quantitative and qualitative aspects. Korean social enterprises have provided meaningful work to those normally excluded from the labour market and tried to raise their life of working. In the future, Korean social enterprises should find a way to balance social and financial performance and ensure the sustainability of the business.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.7
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• pp.1-55
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• 1980

It has been observed that the purpose of education is poorly coordinated with the school library. Consequently a healthy growth of the library has been very rare, and educational process has been rather inefficient. Therefore this study attempts to define the role of a school library and the necessasity of its growth, examine principals' concepts of the library, find out the adverse causes for its growth, and make some suggestions to rectify them. A questionnaire was designed to get information on the principals' conceptions about the nature and the role of a school library, a librarian, and adverse causes for the growth of the library. This study is largely based on the analysis of this questionnaire. The results of this study may be summarized as. follows: 1) The school library is not generally considered as the center of educational activities. It is rather variously regarded as a subsidiary organization for education, a place where reading materials are offered, a place where books are kept, or a reading room. 2) This was largely due to the misconceptions of the principals as to the true nature and the role of the school library. 3) The degrees of their misconceptions varied depending on the amount of their exposure to the library science. Those principals who studied library science more hours had better understanding of the library. 4) Although the principals showed rather much concern for the library, the school library was not up to the expectation largely due to their misconception of it. 5) Most of the principals felt that they needed more knowledge on library science to carry out their job. This feeling was stronger for those who spent more hours in a library science course. 6) Most of the principals wanted to offer a position for a dual function: a librarian and a teacher. This was largely due to their lack of knowledge as to the duties of a librarian-which were considered as secondary to the duties of a teacher. 7) The majority of the principals thought the librarians were not paid well enough, but some of the principals o n.0, pposed their pay raise. The former generally took more courses in library science than the latter. 8) Many principals agreed that the adverse causes for the growth of the school library originated from the regional or governmental school authorities. This seemed to indicate that the legal requirements for the library were inadequate and that there was no administrative organization to take care of the library. 9) Most of the principals considered the insufficient funds as the major reason for the present poor condition of the library. But considering the fact that some libraries are better equi n.0, pped that others, financial matter cannot be the deciding factor. It rather seemed that there is some serious problems in the current educational system. For further studies in this field and for the libraries to function properly, the following suggestions are made here: 1) The major adverse cause for the healthy growth of the school library was found in the misconceptions on the school library by the principals, and these misconceptions were largely due to their lack of knowledge. Therefore they should be given more o n.0, pportunities to take courses in library science. 2) The librarian should not be overburdened with other duties than what his job duly calls for, and they should be properly compensated for their own job. They should also be encouraged to grow as librarians. 3) Education itself should be improved so that the library becomes the center of learning. 4) An administrative department should be created to oversee the school libraries, and legal measures should be enacted for better school libraries. 5) Financial su n.0, pport should be provided for a period of time in order to upgrade the school library to a certain level. Finally it is strongly felt that more detailed and inclusive studies in this field should be carried on and further experimental studies should be done.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.5-15
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• 2010

Business corporations have become specialized and on the basis of various interests try to strengthen their competitiveness through a cooperative system of purchase, distribution, service and IT technology. And an advanced Internet-based electronic commerce has witnessed explosive growth and a business-to-business (B2B) electronic commerce. Through E-marketplace. business corporations achieve such diverse utilities as expenditure curtailment, process reduction and prime cost reduction. And with business depression worldwide and soaring prices of materials, many business corporations consider the introduction of comprehensive purchase of MRO (maintenance, repair and operation) materials. The Purpose of this study was to examine the definition of B2B E-marketplace and the utilities of MRO commerce correctly focusing on an empirical analysis of cases of MRO supply and purchase business corporations. The indications acquired from this research results are as follows. Firstly, as for MRO integrated purchase under the characteristics of the market environment, it had to use the supplier obligatorily through the integrated purchase on the level of CEO's decision-making or the group rather than the voluntary will of the purchasing department or the procurement department. Secondly, as for the present B2B E-marketplace MRO purchase, the purchasing agency business has formed the mainstream, but it is aiming at the diversification of the benefit by supplementing/correcting the business model such as category type, mediation business type, MRO-type advancing in the store inclusive of the purchasing agency business, keeping pace with the potential market of MRO. Thirdly, as for analysis of the products, the purchaser wants more various products and assortment of goods than those of the present time, and also to be provided with the precise product information. Especially, as the importance of the product sourcing becomes high, the whole energy has been bestowed on acquirement of the excellent suppliers. Fourth, as for use of B2B E-marketplace MRO integrated purchasing system, there are the purchasing companies complaining the inconvenience even until now, and there is the demerit spending the long time during the image move and the process treatment. It shall try to shorten the searching time and the process treatment time as the system is centered on the purchaser. In order to enhance the efficiency of MRO E-marketplace purchase, followings must be considered: First, because the importance of product sources ever increases, an excellent supplier must be secured earnestly. Second, the time of process must be reduced focusing on purchasers. B2B E-marketplace will increase and diversify electronic commerce continuously. Through MRO E-marketplace, business corporations will reduce expenditure, achieve a transparent and speedy trade, and purchase products of fine quality, thus establishing a most effective market. In addition, in this study the investigator brings focus into MRO which has not been clearly discussed in the academic and business world so far and intensively highlights an indirect material-oriented expenditure curtailment effect. By taking all the aspects of supplier, purchaser and practical economical value into account, the investigator presents a strategic direction for the successful comprehensive purchase of B2B MRO.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Embryo Transfer Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.98-98
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• 2002

Recruitment of primordial follicles(PMF) is crucial for female fertility. however, factors and mechanisms that regulate this process is poorly understood. The present study was conducted to obtain an inclusive view of the gene expression and to identify novel factors and their pathways of regulating PMF arrest and/or growth initiation. Ovaries from one-day neonatal(consists of oocyte and PMF) and five-day old(consists of PMF and primary follicles, PRIF) mice were collected, either total RNA or mRNA was isolated, and suppression subtractive hybridization(SSH) was used to isolate and clone genes that differentially expressed in day 1 and day 5 ovaries. Confirmation that some of these genes are differentially expressed in PMF and/or in PRIF was accomplished by using laser captured microdissection(LCM), RT-PCR. in situ hybridization(ISH) and/or immunohistochemistry(IHC). In toto, 357 clones were sequenced and analyzed by BLAST and RIKEN program. Sequences of 330 clones significantly matched database entries while 27 clones were novel. Forty-two and 47 different genes were identified as differentially expressed in day 1 and day 5 ovaries, respectively, while 7 genes were expressed in both stages of ovaries. Day 5-subtracted library included several genes known as markers far growing follicles, such as ZP2, MATER, and fetuin. Among the genes with assigned functions, 23.8% was associated with cell cycle/apoptosis regulation, 7.1% with cellular structure, 11.9% with metabolism, 26.2% with signal transduction, and 31.0% with gene/protein expression in day 1; while 10.6%, 17.0%, 23.5%, 25.5%, and 23.4% in day 5, respectively. Genes such as GDF-8, Lats2, Septin2, and Weel were the highly expressed genes in PMF, while HSP84, Laminin2, MATER, MTi7, PTP, and Wrn were highly expressed genes in PRIF. We have successfully discovered list of genes expressed in day 1 and day 5 ovaries and confirmed that some of them are differentially expressed in PMF and/or PRIF. Gene expression profile from the present study would provide insight for the future study on the mechanism(s) involved in primordial-primary follicular transition. This work was Supported by Korean Health 21 RND Project, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea (01-PJ10-PG6-01GN13-0002).

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.83-92
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• 2014

Purpose - A business ecosystem refers to mutually dependent systems interconnected by a loose foundation of various ecosystem members such as customers, suppliers, partners, and other stakeholders. The ecosystem-based strategy attempts to achieve competitive advantage for firms by enriching a business ecosystem or building a sustainable business ecosystem through the collaboration and co-evolution of its members. A sustainable business ecosystem is a source of competitiveness for firms anda manageable resource for gaining a competitive advantage. Customers represent the core membership of the business ecosystem and play a pivotal role in building a sustainable business ecosystem. This study examines the effects of customer participation on economic and social value in the business ecosystem and suggests a course of action for building a sustainable business ecosystem. Research design, data, and methodology - Two business cases of South Korea are selected from two different business types: business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-customer (B2C) firms. Business ecosystems for B2B and B2C firms reflect contrasting characteristics. Data was collected from in-depth interviews with four representatives of four firms. Results - The study suggested seven propositions for the relationships between customer participation and a sustainable business ecosystem through multiple case studies based on in-depth interviews. The results reveal the following four strategic actions for building sustainable business ecosystems based on the suggested propositions: alignment, systemization, socialization, and co-evolution. Alignment refers to achieving a harmonic balance or virtuous circle among the firm's mission, investment, and value creation. Systemization refers to building and implementing management and infrastructure systems rooted in the corporate culture. Socialization of customers in the business ecosystem reinforces the harmony or virtuous cycle. Finally, co-evolution is associated with the relationship between firms and customers as buyer firms in a restricted business ecosystem. Conclusions - This study considers multiple cases for the execution of a sustainable business ecosystem in collaboration with customers and suggests seven propositions and four strategic actions. The results are based on qualitative data from interviews with business associates from two firms in an open business ecosystem and two firms in a restricted business ecosystem, both in South Korea. Our research results regarding two contrasting business ecosystems shed light on business issues and policy making in Asian business environments, which are in the transition stages from a traditional conglomerate-driven to an inclusive growth-driven economy. The business ecosystem itself should be considered a manageable resource for firms' competitive positions in the market. A customer is a member of the business ecosystem and should thus be viewed not only as a purchasing entity and an object of relationship management but also as a co-creator of value. Therefore, firms should collaborate with customers to build sustainable business ecosystems. For this, firms must create social value, which cannot be created by customers alone, within the business ecosystem. Then, customers participate in a business ecosystem and build it to be favorable to them. Implications for academics and practitioners were suggested.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.107-116
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• 2019

Purpose - Why, why is it difficult to predict the appropriateness of self-employment, and what are the countermeasures and policy proposals to overcome. This study intends to further develop the field of statistical variables. It is necessary to overcome the limitation of existing proper scale research in Korea. We need to find statistical variables that can determine the appropriateness of self-employment in Korea. These efforts will be helpful in evaluating OECD countries and statistics and developing domestic economic indicators. Research design, data, and methodology - It is the discovery of statistical indicators and complementary indicators that have not been revealed in previous studies. Therefore, we sought to find new statistical parameters based on the statistics of the Korea National Statistical Office, the Bank of Korea, and overseas OECD statistics. (Proper Size of Adequacy) is defined as the specific gravity or number of the self-employed in Korea, which is shown as "Out Put" by statistical analysis of STATA panel statistical data. It is possible to further develop variables such as gross domestic product, gross national product, economic growth rate, unemployment rate, income tax rate, consumer price, tax level, exports, import amount, bill default I want to dig. Results - In addition to expanding economic indicators that can be explained by self-employment determinants, we have developed a variety of methods such as linear and non-linear (U-shaped, inverted U-shaped). It is the improvement of the self-employment determinants and the analysis method to estimate the appropriate scale. Conclusions - The proposed contents are reflected in self - employment appropriateness evaluation data and hope to help the government to select the policy support and to evaluate the government business after the policy support. These efforts are expected to be of great help to operators operating their own businesses, and to government and related institutional practitioners who support them. In this way, self-employment will be created in accordance with the Korean situation, where the happy life of all the people becomes the premise and the inclusive economic activities are guaranteed. It will improve the method of analyzing proper scale of small business owners and self-employed in Korea.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.2
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• pp.47-54
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• 1963

The chestnut gall wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus $Y^{ASUMATSU}$, has been recently distributed and chestnut trees have teen seriously damaged by this insects in Korea. However, this insect pest has not been investigated in Korea. This paper gives an account of field and Laboratory observations on the seasonal occurrence and the life history of the chestnut gall wasp, and the damage of the chestnut trees by. its insects. This study was carried out at Chungchungpukdo, Kangwon-do and Kyungi-do in Korea, from 1961 to 1963, inclusive. 1. The Chestnut gall wasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus $Y^{ASUMATSU}$) has one generathion per year and females are only known. 2. The adult wasps were observed from late June to late July with peak of wasp emergence about early and middle July. Most of new adult wasps were coming out from, the galls in the morning rather than the afternoon. 3. Each wasp produced auerage 198.5 eggs and about 4.89 eggs was observed in each bud of the chestnut tree. 4, The egg period of wasps was about 30 days and they were hatching from July to August. 5. The larval period of wasps were from middle of August to middle of next June and pupation took places about early June to middle of July. 6. The adult wasps were ovipositing into the buds and from early May next year, galls were growing. They caused stunting of growth and no fruiting or dying of the chestnut tries. 7. The first observation of the wasp was made at Chaechun of Chungchung-pukdo in 1958. Up to 1963 this insects are distributed in Kangwon-do, Kyunggi-do, north part of Chungchung-pukdo and north part of Kyungsangpukdo

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.97-117
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to suggest a mid- to long-term expansion plan to resolve the blind spot and alleviate the imbalance of public library services in Daegu City. The research methods for this purpose included literature review, related laws and statistical data analysis, case study, and opinion survey. As a result, the first service area was set as a total of 14 areas based on administrative districts(Jung-gu, Seo-gu, Nam-gu, and Dalseong-gun each have one, Dong-gu and Buk-gu each have two, and Suseong-gu and Dalseo-gu have three each). Second, the expansion scenario for public libraries in Daegu City was proposed to add 26 libraries by the final target year (2032) based on the trend of national library growth over the past 13 years (2008-2020) and the forecast for the next 10 years (2023-2032). Third, the construction scenarios for each basic local government, excluding the Daegu representative library, are as follows: One library each in Jung-gu, Seo-gu, and Nam-gu; two libraries in Suseong-gu; three libraries in Dalseong-gun; four libraries in Dong-gu; and seven libraries each in Buk-gu and Dalseo-gu. In terms of floor area, it is proposed to add a total of 17 branch libraries with a minimum legal standard of 330-2,499㎡, four central libraries with 2,500-4,999㎡ each, and four central libraries with 5,000-9,999㎡ each. On the premise of these conditions, Daegu City and public libraries should focus on creating an inclusive and open community space, creating a digital platform, strengthening the library operation and cooperation system centered on Daegu representative library, developing collections and specializing services for local hub libraries, enhancing various knowledge information and program services, managing key library indicators and improving social contribution.