• Ceramist
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.7-14
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• 2011

This paper has investigated physicochemical properties and conventional and environmental-friendly treatment methods of paper mill sludge to emphasize the importance and necessity of the sludge recycling. The paper mill sludge generally shows high contents of calcium and water, and is mostly discharged by landfill after incineration process rather than being recycled due to technical or economical problems. In recent years, however, several possible methods for recycling the paper mill sludge have been suggested for its sustainable process as follows; compost, raw material for the construction and paper industry, new energy source for reducing fossil fuel use and raw material of activated carbon for treating paper mill wastewater. Thus the authors suggest that practical recycling technologies of the paper mill sludge must be developed for substantiality in the paper industry through comprehending physicochemical compositions and generation status of the sludge and actively performing various related studies. Furthermore, this investigation could be used as preliminary information for the study on recycled paper development using paper mill sludge incineration ash.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.825-833
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• 2003

The emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated from painting and coating processes is a worldwide problem as contributing factors to the development of photochemical smog and other environmental problems. Common methods of reducing VOC emissions are adsorption on activated carbon, membrane separation, absorption, incineration, or catalytic oxidation. In this article, the environmental issues caused by VOC emissions and the trend of legislation against such emissions will be surveyed first. Several conventional control technologies will then be summarized and the characteristics of each process will be introduced. Lastly, some examples will be described to show the hybrid processes which have been industrially applied for the recovery of VOC.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.627-639
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• 1998

A combustion model for the incineration of municipal solid waste(MSW) in the stoker type incinerator was developed by considering the variation of physical composition of MSW. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation for the combustion characteristics in incinerator were conducted by using the present model and the effects of compositional variation on the incineration characteristics of MSW was examined theoretically. It is found that large excess air enhances drying, but depresses volatilization. For the large value of moisture content, pyrolysis is fast but drying is slow. As the value of plastic content increases, devolatilization becomes slower. Larger amount of primary air supply to the rear side of stoker leads to increase the possibility of delaying the combustion.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.57-61
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• 1996

This study was to decompose carbon tetrachloride and CFC with pyrolytic incineration unit because of prohibition of their usage sooner or later. We have investigated heating value and temperature versus decomposing rate, removal of $Cl_2$ and dust in the flue gas, The results obtained were as follows; 1. In combustion condition to decompose $CCl_4$ heating value was 3,300Kcal/Kg, retention time was 2,0 sec. incinerator exit temperature was $950^{\circ}C$. 2.The removal of HCI and $Cl_2$ in flue gas used NaOH as reagent, then molar ratio o of $Na^+/Cl^-$ was 1.07. 3. NaCI of dust component was more than 90 %, 2 stage venturi scrubber was used to remove dust, then removal rate of dust was 99% over at L/G of $1.7Vm^3$

• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.141-153
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• 1999

Numerical analysis for the combustion flow in the combustion chamber of incineration system has been carried out in order to acquire the basic design capability of incineration system. Established mathematical model was applied to the performance prediction of the pre-designed combustion chamber of commercial plant. Especially, combustion characteristics and the variation of flow pattern have been deeply discussed in accordance with secondary air injection. Secondary air injection was effective for the turbulent mixing between air and carbon monoxide/volatile matter resulting in considerably reduced CO content at the exit. Secondary air injection was found to be one of the key design parameters because the size of recirculation zone could be changed with the variation of injection characteristics.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.81-85
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• 2000

In order to reduce emission of air pollutants from spot incineration, it is required to develope the combustion chamber of small wastes incinerator having combustion efficiency. The characteristics of combustion of the incinerator with combustion chamber having tangential angels with surface of 45$^{\circ}$of air supply nozzles were studied in accordance with non-grate, fixed-grate and shaking-grate in the combustion chamber. Combustion conditions were evaluated with combustion efficiency, emission of hazardous gases, temperatures, ignition loss of ash and so on. Combustion efficiencies were shown 73.9% for non-gate, 81.1% for fixed-grate and 89.0% for shaking-grate. Emissions of CO were revealed 6.52 ppm for non-grate, 273 ppm for fixed-grate and 224 for shaking-grate. Comprehensively evaluated, combustion conditions got better in order of shaking-grate, fixed-grate and non-grate. This study suggests that small wastes incinerator should have shaking-or fixed-grate in combustion chamber to get better combustion condition even though at expensive cost of manufacturing.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.81-90
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• 1988

Agricultural and municipal wastes arc serious nuisance. in Korea. Disposal of these wastes by land application, incineration or burial have created serious environmental problems such as air pollution and ground water contamination. Uncomposted waste materials are also potential sources of plant and soil pathogens. As available sites for waste burial become more difficult to find and air quality standards for incineration become stricter, composting as a method for treating solid wastes will become more attractive. This article discussed the recent topics on composting to further develop a rational strategy. The future of composting is developed based on the interacting factors of the price of energy and fertilizer, public policy, economic considerations, and biotechnology.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.35-41
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• 2003

The objective of this study was investigate the generation rates, composition, proportion and calorific values each of material in the municipal solid wastes as well as the effect of incineration residual leachate on the environment in Yangsan sanitary landfill site. The results were as follows ; The annual average generation rate of municipal solid wastes in Yang-san is approximately 2.0 kg/cㆍd. The weight percent of combustible matters is on average 78∼87% and the lower heating values of municipal solid wastes is measured to be more than 2,151 kcal/kg after removing the briquette component. The food waste was major source of solid wastes in Yang-san city as 35% and its variation by seasons was negligible. Combustible part was larger than incombustible part of the domestic solid wastes in spring and summer. It is recommended that municipal solid wastes be treated by multiple methods such as the sanitary landfill, resources and recovery, composting and incineration.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.242-243
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• 2014

In this study, industrial by-products including blast furnace slag, incineration ash and waste gypsum were used with recycled fine aggregates to manufacture the zero-cement mortar. The replacement ratio of anhydrite gypsum was fixed as 0, 10%, 20% the replacement ratio fo WA1 was fixed as 0.5% and 1.0%, respectively. It could be identified that when the replacement of gypsum was 20% and WA1 of 1.0%, the strength could be in the range of normal strength.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.222-223
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• 2014

In this study, industrial by-products including blast furnace slag, incineration ash and waste gypsum were used with recycled fine aggregates to manufacture the zero-cement mortar.The replacement ratio of dihydrate gypsum and anhydrite gypsum was fixed as 0 and 10%, the replacement ratio fo WA1 was fixed as 0.5% and 1.0%, respectively. It could be identified that when the replacement of gypsum was 10% and WA1 of 1.0%, the strength could be in the range of normal strength.