• Title/Summary/Keyword: inbound

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The Impact of Foreign Exchange Rates on International Travel: The Case of South Korea

  • Lee, Jung-Wan
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.10 no.9
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    • pp.5-11
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    • 2012
  • Purpose - The objective of the paper is to explain both the price sensitivity of international tourists to South Korea and the price sensitivity of Korean tourists to international travel. The study examines long-run equilibrium relationships and Granger causal relationships between foreign exchange rates and inbound and outbound tourism demand in South Korea. Research design/ data / methodology - The study employs monthly time series data from January 1990 to September 2010. The paper examines the long-run equilibrium relationship using the Johansen cointegration test approach after unit root tests. The short-run Granger causality was tested using the vector error correction model with the Wald test. Results - Hypothesis 1 testing whether there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between exchange rates, inbound and outbound tourism demand is supported. Hypothesis 2 testing whether exchange rates lead to a change in touristarrivals and expenditure is not supported. Hypothesis 3 testing whether exchange rates lead to a change in tourist departures and expenditure is supported. Conclusions - The findings of this study show that the impacts of tourism price competitiveness are changing quite significantly with regard to destination competitiveness. In other words, the elasticity of tourism price over tourism demand has been moderated.

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A Study of The Improvement For In And Out Logistics Process Applying Lean Six Sigma (Lean Six Sigma를 적용한 물류 프로세스 개선에 관한 연구)

  • Jang, Jae-Sik;Nam, Ho-Ki;Park, Sang-Min
    • Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.99-112
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    • 2007
  • In most recent years, the business competition has spreads over all fields of corporations and their management area regardless of time and place, which makes the survival environment of each enterprise fiercer. In order to secure a high position in the competitive market, the various firms has implemented many methods related to price, quality, and service efficiency. However, the implementation with only low price or high quality might be helpless to hold a high position in modem market. Moreover more attention should be paid to the internal business processes of an organization. Therefore, a new and different method should be searched or developed in order to win the competitive power among other enterprises. This research will focus on the improvement of the business processes within the non-manufacturing industry by applying Lean Six Sigma methodology. DMAIC method will be applied to improve the inbound and outbound logistics processes, manage the inbound and outbound vehicles, and control the receiving and shipping activities.

The Effect on a Delivery Time Window Dispatching Policy for 3PL Distribution Center (제3자 물류센터 납품시간창 디스패칭 정책에 관한 효과)

  • Lee, Woon-Seek;Kim, Byung Soo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.60-67
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    • 2014
  • This paper considers an inbound ordering and outbound dispatching problem for multi-products and multi-vehicles in a third-party distribution center. The demands are dynamic over a discrete and finite time horizon, and replenishing orders are shipped in various transportation modes and the freight cost is proportional to the number of vehicles used. Any mixture of products is loaded onto any type of vehicles. The objective of the study is to simultaneously determine the inbound lot-sizes, the outbound dispatching sizes, and the types and numbers of vehicles used to minimize total costs, which consist of inventory holding cost and freight cost. Delivery time window is one of the general dispatching policies between a third-party distribution center and customers in practice. In the policy, each demand of product for a customer must be delivered within the time window without penalty cost. We derive mixed integer programming models for the dispatching policy with delivery time windows and on-time delivery dispatching policy, respectively and analyze the effect on a dispatching policy with delivery time windows by comparing with on-time delivery dispatching policy using various computational experiments.

A Dynamic Lot-Sizing and Outbound Dispatching Problem with Delivery Time Windows and Heterogeneous Container Types (납품시간창과 다종의 컨테이너를 고려한 동적 로트크기결정 및 아웃바운드 디스패칭 문제)

  • Seo, Wonchul;Lee, Woon-Seek
    • Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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    • v.40 no.4
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    • pp.435-441
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    • 2014
  • This paper considers a single-product problem for inbound lot-sizing and outbound dispatching at a third-party warehouse, where the demand is dynamic over the discrete time horizon. Each demand must be delivered into the corresponding delivery time window which is the time interval characterized by the earliest and latest delivery dates of the demand. Ordered products are shipped by heterogeneous container types. Each container type has type-dependent carrying capacity and the unit freight cost depends on each container type. Total freight cost is proportional to the number of each container type used. Also it is assumed that related cost functions are concave and backlogging is not allowed. The objective of the paper is to simultaneously determine the optimal inbound lot-sizing and outbound dispatching plans that minimize total costs which include ordering, shipping, and inventory holding costs. The optimal solution properties are characterized for the problem and then a dynamic programming algorithm is presented to find the optimal solution.

Forecasting Foreign Visitors using SARIMAX Models with the Exogenous Variable of Demand Decrease (수요감소 요인 외생변수를 갖는 SARIMAX 모형을 이용한 관광수요 예측)

  • Lee, Geun-Cheol;Choi, Seong-Hoon
    • Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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    • v.43 no.4
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    • pp.59-66
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    • 2020
  • In this study, we consider the problem of forecasting the number of inbound foreigners visiting Korea. Forecasting tourism demand is an essential decision to plan related facilities and staffs, thus many studies have been carried out, mainly focusing on the number of inbound or outbound tourists. In order to forecast tourism demand, we use a seasonal ARIMA (SARIMA) model, as well as a SARIMAX model which additionally comprises an exogenous variable affecting the dependent variable, i.e., tourism demand. For constructing the forecasting model, we use a search procedure that can be used to determine the values of the orders of the SARIMA and SARIMAX. For the exogenous variable, we introduce factors that could cause the tourism demand reduction, such as the 9/11 attack, the SARS and MERS epidemic, and the deployment of THAAD. In this study, we propose a procedure, called Measuring Impact on Demand (MID), where the impact of each factor on tourism demand is measured and the value of the exogenous variable corresponding to the factor is determined based on the measurement. To show the performance of the proposed forecasting method, an empirical analysis was conducted where the monthly number of foreign visitors in 2019 were forecasted. It was shown that the proposed method can find more accurate forecasts than other benchmarks in terms of the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE).

A comparative Analysis and Trends of Top Countries for Medical Tourism Industry to Enhance its Activation in South Korea

  • Kyung Jae Yoon
    • International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.295-301
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    • 2023
  • Since its inception in 2009, medical tourism in South Korea has continued to progress. Reaching its peak in 2019, the industry experienced a sharp decline in inbound patients after the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 due to international border closures and a surge in patient numbers. However, from 2021 onwards, there has been a gradual increase in inbound patients. The purpose of this study was to classify the top 12 countries based on the number of actual patients entering the country from 2014 to 2022, using statistics from the Korea Health Industry Development Institute. It also analyzed the changes in the number of foreign patients visiting Korea and the evolving proportion of actual patients compared to short-term visa arrivals on a yearly basis. Through this content, we aim to examine the trends on a country-by-country basis and identify the direction in which the future of South Korean medical tourism should progress. By focusing on healthcare, we intend to pinpoint areas that require attention and improvement, as well as highlight any existing issues. Through modifications and enhancements based on these considerations, we aspire to attract a significant number of foreign patients, thereby promoting South Korea's medical technology on a global scale.

Analysis on Types of Golf Tourism After COVID-19 by using Big Data

  • Hyun Seok Kim;Munyeong Yun;Gi-Hwan Ryu
    • International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.270-275
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    • 2024
  • Introduction. In this study, purpose is to analize the types of golf tourism, inbound or outbound, by using big data and see how movement of industry is being changed and what changes have been made during and after Covid-19 in golf industry. Method Using Textom, a big data analysis tool, "golf tourism" and "Covid-19" were selected as keywords, and search frequency information of Naver and Daum was collected for a year from 1 st January, 2023 to 31st December, 2023, and data preprocessing was conducted based on this. For the suitability of the study and more accurate data, data not related to "golf tourism" was removed through the refining process, and similar keywords were grouped into the same keyword to perform analysis. As a result of the word refining process, top 36 keywords with the highest relevance and search frequency were selected and applied to this study. The top 36 keywords derived through word purification were subjected to TF-IDF analysis, visualization analysis using Ucinet6 and NetDraw programs, network analysis between keywords, and cluster analysis between each keyword through Concor analysis. Results By using big data analysis, it was found out option of oversea golf tourism is affecting on inbound golf travel. "Golf", "Tourism", "Vietnam", "Thailand" showed high frequencies, which proves that oversea golf tour is now the re-coming trends.

A Study on the Route Operation & Safety Improvement in Gwangyang Traffic Safety Designated Area Based on ES Model (ES모델을 통한 광양항 교통안전특정해역의 항로운영과 안전성 향상에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Deug-Bong;Park, Young-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.153-159
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    • 2016
  • Gwangyang traffic safety designated area is composed of 3 fairways (Deep water fairway, inbound fairway, and outbound fairway). However, inbound vessels can't use this passage because of Samyeo rock and artificial fishing banks in inbound route. The problem with the rocks and artificial fishing banks has been raised by ship navigators and authorities of the port. This research is about the safety evaluation and management plan of the passage, and we conducted maritime traffic simulation using a model based on a ship operator risks. As a result, assuming that future marine traffic volume is the same as the present, and if the ship operators use 3 fairways and not two, it showed risk reduction of 46.4 % (vessels over 50,000 DWT using DW route) and 57.1 % (vessels over 10,000 DWT using DW route). Also, in a traffic volume condition which is the same as the present, to induce vessels over 50,000 DWT to use DW route is effective in mitigating of risks. Meanwhile, in a condition which increased the traffic volume by 150 %, it is more effective to induce vessels to use DW route. This research is the result of analysis using the model based on ship operator risks, and not cost-effectiveness analysis on the removal of Samyeo rock and artifical fishing banks. This research is expected to be used on setting up the sea route and management plan (particularly, restriction on passing DW route).

An Empirical Study on the Management Performances of Korean Tourism Firms : Focusing on the Economic Effects caused by FTA (FTA의 경제적 효과가 한국 관광기업의 경영성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Shin, Kwang-Ha;Park, Myung-Chan
    • International Area Studies Review
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.221-254
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    • 2010
  • This study is for analyzing the mgmt performances of Korean tourism firms, operating as preparing strategically against FTA, one of the most importantly external environment in int'l mgmt since in the mid of 1990s. The main purpose can be mentioned to test empirically some relations between the mgmt performances of Korean tourism ones and the economic effects originated from FTA. The dependent variables of mgmt performances are classified with sales, profits and mgmt satisfaction, while the independent one regarding with economic effects from FTA are sorted based on the previous studies with the 2 following factors like direct with inbound/outbound and indirect effects. This study is conducted in two stages. Firstly, the research model is designed by the reviewing relevant theories and previous studies. Secondly, the survey of Korean tourism firms engaging in mgmt activities is implemented by collecting questionnaires. And for testing the hypothesis, the analyzing tools are used for correlation, reliability, validity and multi-regression on SPSS 12.0 and the path analysis of structural equation modeling is activated with AMOS 11.0.

An Optimization Model for Minimizing the Number of Rehandles at Container Yard (컨테이너 재처리 최소화를 위한 최적화 모형)

  • Kim, Kwang-Tae;Kim, Kyung-Min;Lee, Tae-Yun;Kim, Dong-Hee
    • Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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    • 2011.10a
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    • pp.1246-1250
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    • 2011
  • This paper considers the container storage problem determining storage position of inbound containers in a container yard at a rail freight terminal. The objective of the problem is to minimize the total number of rehandles when storing/retrieving containers onto/from stacks in the yard. Rehandle implies the temporary removal from and placement back onto the stack to retrieval a target container. In order to solve the problem, we formulate the problem as a binary integer program.

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