• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.153-157
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• 1995

These studies were conducted to investigate the microbe control effect of antibiotics treatment in all media used for in vitro fertilization(IVF) embryo production. The bovine oocytes were recovered from follicles(2~5mm) and were cultrued for 22hrs at 38.5$^{\circ}C$ with 5% CO2 incubator. The contamination and development rate in vitro fertilized oocyte was evaluated everyday. The results were summerized as follow ; 1. Control, antibiotic-antimycotic solution(AAS, Gibco) 1%＋gentamycin, and AAS 1%＋kanamycin(Sigma, USA) treatment was contaminated with 72hrs. However Baytril and Kanamycin(Korea) added was not contaminated. 2. The blastocyst formation rate in Baytril supplementated 1, 2 and 3${mu}ell$/ml was 3.73, 1.28 and 0.00%, respectively. 3. The blastocyst formation in kanamycin added concentration of 50, 75 and 100$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml was 13.0, 9.4 and 3.49%, respectively.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.404.2-404.2
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• 2002

The present study was undertaken to develop the in vitro sun protection factor(SPF) test method having good correlation with in vivo method using human. 8% homomentyl salicylate. P3 reference standard and commercially available sunscreen products were measured by the in vitro method using SPF 290S analyzer. and the SPFs were compared with the SPFs measured by in vivo test method. In vitro SPFs of 8% HMS and P3 reference standard were 4.59$\pm$0.12 and 14.94$\pm$0.83. (omitted)

• Medical Lasers
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.95-102
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• 2020

Phototherapy has a profound immunosuppressive effect and is widely used for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases. Since allergic rhinitis (AR) shares several common pathologic features with atopic dermatitis, intranasal phototherapy is a novel approach for treating AR. Phototherapy reduces the antigen presenting capacity of dendritic cells, induces apoptosis of immune cells, and inhibits synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory mediators from inflammatory cells. The effectiveness of phototherapy for AR has been extensively researched: from in vitro studies to several clinical trials. Data indicates the potential of intranasal phototherapy as an alternative treatment for AR as well as other inflammatory mucosal diseases. In this review, we introduce the in vitro, in vivo studies, and clinical trials which demonstrated the effect of phototherapy on AR.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Embryo Transfer Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.8-17
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• 2002

There have been intensive attempts to establish reliable methods far in vitro production (IVP) methods for of porcine embryos. Although a great deal of progress has been made, our current IVP systems still need to be improved. In this review, we focused on studies about in vitro maturation and fertilization (IVM-IVF) of porcine oocytes and their in vitro culture (IVC), especially on an excellent piglets production system using modified IVP system producing porcine blastocysts with high Quality.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.881-884
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• 1999

The gene encoding the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of the hepatitis C virus was cloned and expressed with a C-terminal hexahistidine tag. The protein was purified from Escherichia coli to near homogeneity and characterized in vitro. When the 21 amino acids from the C-terminus of the protein were deleted, an inclusion body was not formed and a better purification yield was achieved. However, the activity of the purified enzyme decreased compared to that of the full length protein. The purified enzyme did exhibit ribonucleotide-incorporation activity on an in vitro transcribed RNA containing the 3' end of the HCV genome. It also possessed ribonucleotide incorporation activity, to a lesser extent, on in vitro transcribed foreign RNA templates when RNA or DNA primers were present. The activity was higher with DNA primers than with RNA primers. Accordingly, this assay system will facilitate the screening of inhibitors for hepatitis C virus replication.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.54-72
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this review is to investigate studies on Estrogen-like activity and to contribute to the utilization of herbal medicines including phytoestrogens. Methods: Electric searches were performed with Pubmed from 2013 to June 2018, for the words, 'herb and estrogen', 'traditional Chinese medicine and estrogen', 'Oriental medicine and estrogen', and 'Korean medicine and estrogen'. 49 papers are investigated and classified into 'in vitro', 'in vivo' and 'in vivo and in vitro' experimental studies. Results: 1. In vitro experimental studies have shown that estrogen-like effects of the components extracted from Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Rubi Fructus, Sparganii Rhizoma, Epimedii Herba, Spatholobi Caulis, Evodiae fructus, Curcumae longae Radix, Ginseng Radix, Bupleuri Radix, Astragali Radix, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix, Puerariae Radix, Scutellariae Radix are present. 2. In vivo experimental studies have shown that estrogen-like effects of the components extracted from Phytolaccae Radix, Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, Alismatis Rhizoma, Notoginseng Radix, Puerariae Radix, Ginseng Radix, Cyperi Rhizoma, Cistanchis Herba, Cynomorii Herba, Granati fructus, Astragali Radix, Rehmanniae Radix Crudus, Epimedii Herba, Polygalae Radix, Artemisiae Annuae Herba are present. 3. In vitro and in vivo experimental studies have shown that estrogen-like effects of the components extracted from Cirsii Herba, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix, Cynomorii Herba, Cinnamomi cortex, Drynariae Rhizoma, Psoraleae Semen, Schisandrae Fructus, Epimedii Herba, Astragali Radix are present. Conclusions: Future studies will require additional research on numerous herbal medicines used in clinical practice.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.95-102
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• 1997

The studies on the carried out to investigate the effective concentration of cryoprotectant agents and sucrose by one-step straw method of bovine embryos. The follicular oocytes were cultured in TCM-199 medium containing 10 IU/ml PMSG(Sigma, USA), 10 IU/ml hCG(Sigma, USA), 1$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml $\beta$-estradiol(Sigma, USA) and 10% FCS for 24~48 hrs in incubator with 5% CO2 in air at 38.5$^{\circ}C$ and then matured oocytes were again cultured for 12~18 hrs with motile capacitated sperm by preincubation of heparin. The bovine embryos following dehydration by cryoprotective agents and various concentrations of sucrose were directly plunged into liquid nitrogen and thawed in 3$0^{\circ}C$ water. Survival and in vitro developmental rate was defined as devellpmental rate on in vitro culture or FDA-test. The results are smmarized as followes : 1. The high in vitro developmental rates of bovine frozen embryos after rapidly thawed in freezing medium was attained 2.0M glycerol, 2.0M DMSO, 1M or 2.0M propanediol. 2. The high in vitro developmental rates of bovine frozen embryos after rapidly thawed in freezing medium was obtained single cryoprotectant(6.7~17.4%) than mixed cryoprotectants(6.7~16.7%). 3. In vitro developmental rate of bovine embryos after rapid frozen-thawing in the freezing medium added 0.25M and 0.50M sucrose were higher cleavage rate than those of sucrose concentration of 0.75M and 1.00M. 4. The freezing methods on in vitro developemental rates of bovine embryos was attained slow freezing method(9.70~15.6%) higher than rapid freezing method(9.4~13.3%).

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.91-95
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• 1993

The studies on the carried out to investigate the effects of co-culture with uterine fluids and uterine epithelial cells on the in-vitro fertilization and developmental rate of porcine follicular oocytes. The ovaries were obtained from slaughtered swine. The follicular oocytes surrounded with cumulus cells were recovered by aspirating follicular fluids from the visible follicles of diameter 3~5 mm. The follicular oocytes were cultured in TCM-199 medium containing hormones and 10% ECS for 46~48 hrs in a incubator with 5% $CO_2$ in air at 38.5$^{\circ}C$ and then matured oocytes were again cultured for 12~18 hrs with motile capacitated sperm by preincubation of heparin. The results obtained in these experiments were summarized as follows ; 1.The in-vitro maturation and fertilization rate of porcine oocytes co-cultured with uterine fluids in TCM-199 medium were 68.0% arid 55.7%, the rates were higher than of control, 56.5% arid 38.7%. 2. When the in-vitro fertilized oocytes were co-cultured with porcine uterine epithelial cells, the fertilization rate was 60.3%, the rates were higher than that of control, 35.7%. 3. When the in-vitro fertilized oocytes were co-cultured with porcine uterine epithelial cells, the development rate to be blastocyst was 12.4%, the rates were higher than that of control, 9.2%(p<0.05).

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.1095-1101
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• 2011

Scutellariae Radix has been used as a traditional medicine for anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic function. But most study methods were restricted to in vitro and in vivo. Therefore to perform for clinical trials further for a new natural drug development is necessary and this study will be used as a basis for it. The studies selected from domestic academic database included the following key words; '황금', '黃芩', 'skullcap', 'Scutellariae Radix', 'scutellaria baicalensis' and considered were those published from 1990 to July, 2011. All 1080 studies were found to include the keywords related to the study subjects either in their title of contents or abstracts. and 298 studies were finally selected as subjects for this study. 243 studies among 293 studies were published between 2000 to 2011. Classification was proceeded according to study subjects as followed; anti-Inflammatory effect and antiallergic and antihistamin effect(66), antibacterial and antivirus effect(61), antioxidant effect(51), neuronal cell apoptosis and neuronal cell protective effect(22), liver cell protective effect(20). According to method type of study, 194 studies practicing in vitro, 60 studies practicing in vivo, 37 studies practicing in both. and 5 studies on documentary records. Most study methods were restricted in vitro and in vivo. For developmenting of function of anti-inflammatory effect and antiallergic, antihistamin effect & atopic dermatitis effect, antibacterial and antivirus effect, antioxidant effect, case report on various fields and multicenter clinical trials is necessary.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.261-268
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• 1994

Immatured bovine follicular oocytes added with serum, hormones, granulosa cells and bovine oviduct epithelium cells were fertilized in vitro after in vitro maturation. In vitro maturation and early development capacity were examined and IVF-derived embryos were transferred and to recipients and effects of sperm treatment on in vitro capacitation were investigated. The rate of in vitro maturation was improved when they were co-culutred with granulosa cells in the TCM199 medium added with 10% FCS and hormones. The percentage of acrosome reaction was not differed between sperm treatments and sperm of above 25% under-went AR during 30 min preincubation with caffeine and heparin. The cleavage rate of oocytes in vitro fertilized in TCM199 medium added with 10% FCS and hormones, GC or BOEG higher than that in medium with 10% FCS and GC. But the rate was not significantly different between GC and BOEG The cleavage of rate oocytes cultured in medium containing serum, hormones and BOEG was 80.2% and more embryos were developed to Blastocyst (17.3%). The selected embryos were transferred to 9 recipients by surgical or nonsurgical method but did not result in pregnancy.