• 제목/요약/키워드: in vitro effect

검색결과 6,086건 처리시간 0.035초

Effect of Ulmus davidiana Planch herbal acupuncture Solution on proinflammatory cytokine IL-$1{\beta}$ and $TF-{\alpha}$ a production in collagen-induced arthritis of rats

  • Jo, Young-Wook;Yoon, Jong-Hwa;Kim, Kyung-Ho;Lee, Seung-Deok;Kim, Kap-Sung
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
    • /
    • 제22권2호
    • /
    • pp.93-101
    • /
    • 2005
  • Objective: We have evaluated UDHA into the joint for its effectiveness on immune responses to CII in the rat CIA. In an attempt to gain further insight into the mode of action of UDHA, we also investigated the effects of UDHA on the incidence and development of arthritis in rat CIA with 2 different regimens: (1) started prior to a primary immunization, (2) started on the day of a primary immunization. Methods : Male rats were immunized with an emulsion of $200\;{\mu}g/100g$ of CII and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). The rats were then given intraperitoneal(i.p) stimulation of Ulmus davidiana Planch herbal acupuncture(UDHA) or saline during the experiment. Lymph node cells were obtained from rats 14 days after immunization and cultured in vitro with CII. When compared with rats treated with saline as control, UDHA at doses of more than $20\;{\mu}g/100\;g$ rat once a day for 7 days inhibited the ability of inguinal lymph node cells to produce T cell cytokines interleukin-$1{\beta}$, tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ $(TNF-{\alpha})$. When rats were injected intraperitoneally with SRBC, hemaglutination titers in UD-treated and control rats did not differ significantly when low doses of UD was given to rats. However, i.p injection of UD at doses of more than $10\;{\mu}g/100\;g/day$ for 7 days slightly suppressed antibody production. Results : The present results show that treatment with UDHA can inhibit the onset and development of arthritis and the immune responses to collagen. Conclusion: Therapeutic i.p injection with UD affect the clinical course of the disease and the immune responses to CII.

  • PDF

더위지기 추출물의 항산화 및 미백 효과 (The Antioxidant and Skin Whitening Effect of Artemisia iwayomogi Extracts)

  • 서은종;홍은숙;최민희;김기선;이성준
    • 한국식품과학회지
    • /
    • 제44권1호
    • /
    • pp.89-93
    • /
    • 2012
  • 본 연구는 더위지기의 항산화 및 미백제로서의 유효성을 알아보기 위해 100% 에탄올과 물을 이용한 추출물의 폴리페놀 함량, 플라보노이드 함량, 전자공여능, tyrosinase 활성 저해효과 및 세포내 멜라닌 생합성 억제효과를 조사하였다. 유용한 생리활성을 가질 것으로 예상되는 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량을 실험한 결과 총 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드 함량은 에탄올 추출물에서 547.96, 65.93 mg/g, 물 추출물에서 610.45, 82.86 mg/g으로 확인하였으며 더위지기의 에탄올 추출물과 물 추출물 모두 200 mg/g 이상의 높은 폴리페놀을 함유하는 것을 확인하였다. 항산화능을 평가하기 위해 DPPH를 이용한 전자공여능 실험 결과 더위지기의 에탄올 추출물에서 $SC_{50}$값이 17.1 ppm으로 물 추출물의 198.4 ppm 보다 약 11배 높은 것을 확인하였다. 미백제로의 효능을 알아보고자 실행한 tyrosinase 활성 저해 및 세포내 멜라닌 생합성 억제에 관한 결과 더위지기의 에탄올 추출물에서 tyrosinase 활성억제농도($IC_{50}$)은 481.8 ppm, 멜라노사이트에 50 ppm 농도로 처리하였을 때 멜라닌 생성억제 효과가 36.8%로 높은 효과를 가지는 것을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과에 따르면 더위지기의 에탄올 추출물의 경우 항산화제 및 미백제로서 큰 가능성을 가지는 것으로 나타났다.

알기론 정(브롬화 시메트로피움 50 mg)에 대한 알피트 정의 생물학적 동등성 (Bioequivalence of Alpit Tablet to Algiron Tablet (Cimetropium Bromide 50 mg))

  • 조혜영;문재동;이용복
    • Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
    • /
    • 제32권1호
    • /
    • pp.47-54
    • /
    • 2002
  • Cimetropium bromide, a quaternary ammonium compound which is chemically related to scopolamine, exhibits its antispasmodic activity by competing with acetylcholine for the muscarinic receptors of the smooth muscle of gastrointestinal tract. The drug has been used for the treatment of various disorders involving spasms of the musculature of the gastrointestinal, biliary and genitourinary tracts. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two cimetropium bromide tablets, $Algiron^{TM}$ (Boehringer Ingelheim Korea Ltd.) and $Alpit^{TM}$ (Hana Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), according to the prior and revised guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). The cimetropium bromide release from the two cimetropium bromide tablets in vitro was tested using KP VII Apparatus II method with various different kinds of dissolution media (pH 1.2, 4.0, 6.8 buffer solution and water). Twenty normal male volunteers, $25.25{\pm}2.10$ years in age and $65.76{\pm}6.39$ kg in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized $2{\times}2$ cross-over study was employed. After three tablets containing 50 mg of cimetropium bromide per tablet were orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of cimetropium bromide in serum were determined using HPLC method with UV detector. The dissolution profiles of two cimetropium bromide tablets were very similar at all dissolution media. Besides, the pharmacokinetic parameters such as $AUC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters using non-transformed and logarithmically transformed $AUC_t\;and\;C_{max}$. The results showed that the differences in $AUC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ between two tablets based on the $Algiron^{TM}$ were 2.19%, -5.97% and 3.49%, respectively. Minimum detectable differences $({\Delta})\;at \;{\alpha}=0.05\;and\;1-{\beta}=0.8$ were less than 20% (e.g., 13.71 %, 19.05% and 15.11% for $AUC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$, respectively). The powers $(1-{\beta})\;at\;{\alpha}=0.05,\;{\Delta}=0.2\;for\;AUC_t$, $C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ were 97.79%, 83.22% and 95.60%, respectively. The 90% confidence intervals were within ${\pm}20%$ (e.g., $-5.84{\sim}10.21,\;-17.11{\sim}5.18\;and\;-5.35{\sim}12.33\;for\;AUC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$, respectively). There were no sequence effect between two tablets in logarithmically transformed $AUC_t\;and\;C_{max}$. The 90% confidence intervals using logarithmically transformed data were within the acceptance range of log(0.8) to log(1.25) (e.g., $0.94{\sim}1.10\;and\;0.85{\sim}1.05\;for\;AUC_t\;and\;C_{max}$, respectively). Two parameters met the criteria of prior and revised KFDA guideline for bioequivalence, indicating that $Alpit^{TM}$ tablet is bioequivalent to $Algiron^{TM}$ tablet.

뇌간 신경세포 배양에서 세로토닌 분비에 대한 N-methyl-D-aspartic Acid(NMDA) 및 Non-NMDA 수용체 효현제들의 작용 (Effect of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid(NMDA)-and Non NMDA-Receptor Agonists on Serotonin Release from Cultured Neurons of Fetal Rat Brainstem)

  • 유순미;김율아;송동근;서홍원;김영희
    • 대한약리학회지
    • /
    • 제31권2호
    • /
    • pp.141-144
    • /
    • 1995
  • 뇌간의 세로트닌 신경계는 내재성 하행성 동통억제계(endogenous descending pain inhibitory system)에 있어서 중추적인 역할을 하고 있다. 뇌간의 세로토닌 신경세포에 대한 glutamate 수용체 중 N-methyl-D-aspartic acid-(NMDA-) 및 non-NMDA 수용체 효현제들의 작용을 알아보기 위하여, 쥐의 태자(태생 14일)로부터 뇌간을 분리하여 10일 동안 배양한 후 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)의 분비에 대한 각 glutamate 수용체 효현제들이 영향을 연구하였다. Glutamate를 $10\;{\mu}M$에서 $1000\;{\mu}M$까지 농도를 변화하여 30분 동안 배지에 가한 후, 배지내에 분비되는 세로토닌을 측정한 결과, 농도 의존적으로 세로토닌의 분비가 증가되었다. Glutamate 수용체 중에서 NMDA 수용체 효현제인 NMDA를 $10\;{\mu}M$에서 $1000\;{\mu}M$까지 농도를 변화하여 30분 동안 배지에 가한 후, 배지내에 분비되는 세로토닌을 측정한 결과, 농도 의존적으로 세로토닌의 분비가 증가되었다. Non-NMDA 수용체 효현제인 kainate 및 AMPA를 $3\;{\mu}M$에서 $300\;{\mu}M$까지 농도를 변화하여 배지에 처리한 결과, 각 효현제에 의해 농도 의존적으로 세로토닌의 분비가 증가됨을 관찰하였다. 이상의 연구결과, 쥐의 태자(태생 14일)로부터 분리하여 10일동안 배양한 뇌간의 세로토닌 신경세포에 있어서 glutamate, NMDA, kainate 및 AMPA 모두 5-HT의 분비를 자극함으로써, NMDA- 및 non-NMDA 수용체 모두 5-HT의 분비에 관여하고 있음을 나타낸다.

  • PDF

Helixor A는 시험관 내에서 thrombospondin-1의 상승조절을 통해 신혈관생성을 억제한다. (Helixor A Inhibits Angiogenesis in vitro Via Upregutation of Thrombospondin-1)

  • 염동훈;홍경자
    • 생명과학회지
    • /
    • 제15권6호
    • /
    • pp.895-903
    • /
    • 2005
  • Thrombospondin-1은 암성장과 신혈관생성 억제조절인자로 병리학적 조건과 세포외에서의 자극에 의해 세포 특이적으로 조절되어지고 이 TSP-1 유전자 발현조절은 암치료제 개발을 위한 새로운 접근으로 중요하다. Mistletoe는 기생식물로 면역조절과 항암제로 사용되어지고 있다. Helixor A는 mistletoe 추출물의 수용액부분이다. 여기서 우리는 Helixor A를 투여하면 간암세포주 (Hep3B)와 혈관내피세포주 (BAE)에서 TSP-1의 mRWA와 단백질 발현이 유도되는 것을 관찰하였다. TSP-1 promoter 활성분석으로 TSP-1유전자의 발현이 Helixor A에 의해 전사단계에서 조절되어 진다는 것을 확인하였다. 세포 침윤 분석에서 Helixor A를 처리한 배지를 두 세포주에 처리함으로 침윤된 세포의 수가 현저하게 줄어드는 것을 관찰하였고, Matrigel에서 혈관 내피 세포 (BAE)의 모세관 형성을 억제하는 것을 관찰하였다. 또한 세포 침윤과 모세관 형성에서 Helixor A를 처리했던 배지의 억제 효과가 TSP-1 중화 항체에 의해 그 효과가 상실되었다. 그러므로, 이 결과는 TSP-1이 Helixor A에 의해 유도되어진 혈관신생 억제 효과에 연관이 있음을 제시하였다. 이러한 결과를 종합 하였을 때 Helixor A가 TSP-1의 상승조절을 통해 혈관신생 억제 효과를 가질 것이라고 생각된다.

고려인삼이 암독소의 지방분해작용에 미치는 저해활성 (Inhibitory Activity of Korean Ginseng on Lipolytic Action of Toxohormone-L from Cancerous Ascites Fluid)

  • Sung-Dong Lee;Yoo
    • 한국식품영양학회지
    • /
    • 제7권4호
    • /
    • pp.383-391
    • /
    • 1994
  • 한국 홍삼과 백삼의 조산성 다당체 성분과 수용성 추출물, 그리고 ginsenoside 성분이 암독소 호르몬-L에 의해 유도된 지방 분해를 저해하는 효과를 검토하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 지방분해 및 식욕억제 인자로 알려진 암독소 호르몬-L은 saroma-180을 접종한 mouse의 복수액으로부터 부분정제하여 사용하였다. 한국 홍삼과 백삼으로부터 정ㅇ제하여 얻은 조산성 다당체 각 분획의 성분은 10$\mu$g/ml 농도 이상에서 암독소 호르몬-L이 유도하는 지방 분해에 억제효과가 있었고, 이들 중 PG1과 PG4에서 지방 분해 저해 활성이 가장 높았으며, 이를 더 정제한 결과 PG4-3분획에서 활성이 가장 높았다. 고려인삼 중 백삼과 홍삼의 각 4, 5, 6 년근별로 얻은 수용성 추출물의 암독소 호르몬-L의 지방분해 억제에 미치는 영향을 검토한 결과 억제율은 1,000$\mu$g/ml 농도에서 백삼 4, 5 및 6년근이 각각 56.3, 59.7 및 59.4% 였고, 홍삼은 각각 78.6, 79.1 및 82.5%로 백삼보다 홍삼의 억제율이 높았다. 인삼 시료 g당 총저해활성은 백삼의 경우 100$\mu$g/ml 농도에서는 4년근이, 1,000$\mu$g/ml 농도에서는 5년근에서 가장 높았으나, 홍삼의 경우 다같이 6년근에서 가장 높았다. 또한 ginsonoside 성분의 경우 지방 분해 억제율과 총저해활성이 모두 RB2에서 가장 높았다.

  • PDF

Potential Role of Protein Kinase C on the Differentiation of Erythroid Progenitor Cells

  • Lee, Sang-Jun;Cho, In-Koo;Huh, In-Hoe;Yoon, Ki-Yom;Ann, Hyung-Soo
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
    • /
    • 제18권2호
    • /
    • pp.90-99
    • /
    • 1995
  • The effect of protein kinase C inhibitors, sturosporine and 1-(5-isoquinolinyl sulfonyl)-2-methyl piperazine(H7) on in vitro differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells which were isolated from spleens of mice infected with the anemia-inducing strain of Friend virus were examined. Erythropoietin-mediated differentitation of erythroid progenitor cells, as determined by the incorporation of $^{59}Fe$ into protoporphyrin, was inhibited by staurosporine and H7 in a concentration -dependent manner. Scatchard analysis of the $^3H-phorbol-12$, 13-dibutyrate binding to erythroid progenitor cells revealed that at the high affinity sites the dissociation constant was 22nM and the maximum number of $^3H-phorbol-12$, 13-dibutyrate binding to erythroid progenitor cells revealed that at the high affinity sites the dissociation constant was 22nM and the maximum number of $^3H-phorbol-12$, 13-dibutyrate binding sites per cell was approximately $3.7\times10^5$. Cytosonic protein kinase C was isolated from erthroid progenitor cells and then purified by sequential column chromatogrphy. Two isoforms of protein kinase C were found. Photoaffinity labeling of the purified protein kinase C samples with $^3H-phorbol-12$12-myristate 13-acetate followed by analysis of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and autofluorography showed radiolabeled 82-KDa pepticles. Rediolabeling of the 82-KDa peptides with $^3H-phorbol-12$myristate 13-acete was almost completely blocked by excess unlabeled phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate was almost 12-muristate 13-acetate-promoted phosphorylation with the puyrified protein kinase C samples showed that the phosphorylation of 82-KDa peptides was increased as the concentration of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate was increased from $10^{-8}M{\;}to{\;}10^{-4}$M. In light of the findings that erythroid progenitor cells possessed an abundance of protein kinase C and that stauroporine and H7 inhibited erythroid differentiation, it seemed likely that protein kinase C would play a role in the erythroid progenitor cell development.

  • PDF

사염화탄소에 의해 유발된 흰쥐의 간독성에 미치는 흰점박이꽃무지 추출물의 간보호 효과 (Protective Effects of Extracts of Protaetia brevitarsis on Carbon tetrachloride-induced Hepatotoxicity in the Mice)

  • 전정우;권해용;조유영;여주홍;이희삼
    • 한국잠사곤충학회지
    • /
    • 제50권2호
    • /
    • pp.93-100
    • /
    • 2012
  • 본 연구는 사염화탄소에 의하여 유발되는 지질과산화에 의한 간독성에 대한 흰점박이꽃무지 추출물의 보호효과를 일차배양한 간세포와 간독성 흰쥐에서 GPT, bile acid, bilirubin 등의 활성 지표를 통해 간독성 회복효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 사염화탄소로 유발시킨 일차배양 간세포에 대한 흰점박이꽃무지와 장수하늘소 추출물의 간독성 회복효과는 각각 41.2%와 8.4%로 흰점박이꽃무지 유충 추출물이 간독성 회복 효과가 높게 나타났으며, 용매 추출별로는 흰점박이꽃무지 메탄올 추출물보다는 물 추출물이 농도의존적으로 간독성 회복효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 사염화탄소에 의해 간독성이 유도된 흰쥐에 흰점박이꽃무지 물추출물 분획별로 처리하였을 때, 분자량 낮을수록 효과적이었으며, 분자량이 1,000이하의 분획물에서 32.1%로 간독성 회복 효과가 우수하였다. 또한 흰쥐에 사염화탄소를 복강투여로 간독성을 유발한 후 흰점박이꽃무지 물분획물을 경구투여할 경우에 혈청 GPT, bile acid와 bilirubin의 활성이 정상군보다는 높았지만 사염화탄소군보다 유의적으로 감소하였고, 간섬유화와 관련된 hydroxyproline의 생성 억제에서는 분자량이 1000이하의 분획물에서 사염화탄소군보다 유의성 있게 생성을 억제하여 간섬유화를 예방하는 것으로 확인하였다. 중심정맥 쪽에 아주 경미한 허혈성 변성 이외에는 다른 병변을 찾을 수 없었고 세포내에 organelle이 유지된 편이고 콜라겐 형성이 매우 많이 줄어들어 병리조직학적으로도 간보호 효과가 있었음을 확인하였다. 이에 간독성 지표 활성을 긍정적으로 결과를 확인한 흰점박이꽃무지 추출물의 간질환 치료보조제나 건강기능성식품 소재 개발 가능성을 확인하였다.

Effects of formic acid and lactic acid bacteria inoculant on main summer crop silages in Korea

  • Wei, Sheng Nan;Li, Yan Fen;Jeong, Eun Chan;Kim, Hak Jin;Kim, Jong Geun
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
    • /
    • 제63권1호
    • /
    • pp.91-103
    • /
    • 2021
  • To improve the fermentation quality of silage and reduce the nutrients loss of raw materials during the ensiling process, silage additives are widely used. The effect of additives on silage is also affected by the species of crop. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the effects of formic acid (FA) and lactic acid bacterial inoculant on the quality of main summer crop silage. The experiment was consisted on split-plot design with three replications. The experiment used the main summer forage crops of proso millet ("Geumsilchal"), silage corn ("Gwangpyeongok"), and a sorghum-sudangrass hybrid ("Turbo-gold"). Treatments included silage with Lactic acid bacterial Inoculant (Lactobacillus plantarum [LP], 1.0 × 106 CFU/g fresh matter), with FA (98%, 5 mL/kg), and a control (C, without additive). All silages were stored for 60 days after preparation. All additives significantly increased the crude protein content and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of the silages and also reduced the content of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and pH. Corn had the highest content of IVDMD, total digestible nutrients and relative feed value among silages. Compared with the control, irrespective of whether FA or LP was added, the water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) of three crops was largely preserved and the WSC content in the proso millet treated with FA was the highest. The treatment of LP significantly increased the lactic acid content of the all silage, while the use of FA significantly increased the content of acetic acid (p < 0.05). The highest count of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) was detected in the LP treatment of corn. In all FA treatment groups, the total microorganism and mold numbers were significantly lower than those of the control and LP groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, both additives improved the fermentation quality and nutritional composition of the main summer forage crops. The application of FA effectively inhibited the fermentation of the three crops, whereas LAB promoted fermentation. So, both FA and LP can improve the quality of various species of silage.

Glycosyltransformation of ginsenoside Rh2 into two novel ginsenosides using recombinant glycosyltransferase from Lactobacillus rhamnosus and its in vitro applications

  • Wang, Dan-Dan;Kim, Yeon-Ju;Baek, Nam In;Mathiyalagan, Ramya;Wang, Chao;Jin, Yan;Xu, Xing Yue;Yang, Deok-Chun
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
    • /
    • 제45권1호
    • /
    • pp.48-57
    • /
    • 2021
  • Background: Ginsenoside Rh2 is well known for many pharmacological activities, such as anticancer, antidiabetes, antiinflammatory, and antiobesity properties. Glycosyltransferases (GTs) are ubiquitous enzymes present in nature and are widely used for the synthesis of oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, glycoconjugates, and novel derivatives. We aimed to synthesize new ginsenosides from Rh2 using the recombinant GT enzyme and investigate its cytotoxicity with diverse cell lines. Methods: We have used a GT gene with 1,224-bp gene sequence cloned from Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LRGT) and then expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The recombinant GT protein was purified and demonstrated to transform Rh2 into two novel ginsenosides, and they were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques and evaluated by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2-5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Results: Two novel ginsenosides with an additional glucopyranosyl (6→1) and two additional glucopyranosyl (6→1) linked with the C-3 position of the substrate Rh2 were synthesized, respectively. Cell viability assay in the lung cancer (A549) cell line showed that glucosyl ginsenoside Rh2 inhibited cell viability more potently than ginsenoside Rg3 and Rh2 at a concentration of 10 μM. Furthermore, glucosyl ginsenoside Rh2 did not exhibit any cytotoxic effect in murine macrophage cells (RAW264.7), mouse embryo fibroblasts cells (3T3-L1), and skin cells (B16BL6) at a concentration of 10 μM compared with ginsenoside Rh2 and Rg3. Conclusion: This is the first report on the synthesis of two novel ginsenosides, namely, glucosyl ginsenoside Rh2 and diglucosyl ginsenoside Rh2 from Rh2 by using recombinant GT isolated from L. rhamnosus. Moreover, diglucosyl ginsenoside Rh2 might be a new candidate for treatment of inflammation, obesity, and skin whiting, and especially for anticancer.