• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.93-101
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• 1993

These experiments were carried out to investigate whether zona hardening affect the efficiency of in vitro fertilization in mouse oocytes. The soluble properties for zona pellucida of oocytes matured in vivo, aged oocytes, and ovarian oocytes matured in vitro have been analyzed with proteolytic enzyme, 3mg/ml of $\alpha$-chymotrypsin. The mean solubility(t50) for the zona of unfertilized oocytes, oocytes not fertilized at the first inseminati and in vitro produced zygotes were 10.1, 20.3 and 32.3min., respectively. The t50 for zona lysis of fertilized oocytes was significantly difference than those observed for unfertilized oocytes and oocytes not fertilized at the first insemination(P<0.01). In addition, the t50 of zona in ovulated oocytes with and without cumulus cells incubated for 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 hr in vitro, t50 were 13.9, 11.1, 20.7 and 28.0min., and 22.3, 21.0, 30.0 and 33.5min., respectively. In these experiments, the zona pellucida showed a gradual increase in resistance to dissolution by $\alpha$-chyjotrypsin with in vitro aging for more than 6 hrs. This effect was greater in cumulus-free as compared to cumulus-intact oocytes. Finally, in cumulus-intact and cumulus-free ovarian oocytes matured for 0, 5, 10 and 15 hr in vitro the t50 of zona pellucida were 3.0, 10.6, 18.4 and 24.5 min., and 3.0, 14.0, 26.2 and 32.0 min., respectively. Clear differences in solubility between the zona pellucida of oocytes matured in vivo and in vitro. This data were found suggest that under in vitro conditions there is a gradual change in the soluble properties of the zona pellucida, particularly in the absence of the cumulus cells.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.9-12
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• 1978

An effect of alginate and seaweeds on the intestinal absorption of cadmium was tested in vitro. The absorption of cadmium was remarkably suppressed by alginate though the effect was not selective toward cadmium or calcium. The suppressive effect was also observed with tangle and laver, differing in some aspects from alginate only.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.37-65
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• 2003

새로운 주름개선 효능물질을 개발하기 위하여 여러 가지 세포배양 모델을 이용한 in vitro 효능물질의 검색방법을 이용하여 후보물질을 도출하고 있다. 이처럼 In vitro에서 선별된 주름개선 후보물질은 사람피부에 직접 도포 하였을 때 in vitro에서 와 는 달리 주름개선 효능이 없는 경우가 많이 있다. 즉 in vitro 검색결과와 사람피부에서의 효능은 현실적으로 큰 차이를 보인다는 것이다. 그러나 모든 효능 후보물질을 사람 피부에 직접 검사할 수는 없는 현실적 어려움이 있다. 이러한 애로점을 해결하기 위하여, 동물모델이나, 인공피부배양모델 등을 이용하는 추세이다. 이번 강의에서, 본인은 동물모델과 in vitro에서 효능 측정방법을 상세하게 리뷰 하고 각 방법에 대해 토의할 것이며, 임상 전 시험 결과를 보고 할 것이다. 그 중 특히 동물 모델은 주름개선 효능물질의 효능을 평가하는데 좋은 대상이 될 것이다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.585-592
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• 1993

In order to investigate the hypocholesteremic effect of soybean perptides, soybean protein(ISP), casein(CNP), their peptic hydrolyzates fractionated by acid precipitation at different pH's(SHT, SH8, SH6, SH4, CHT, CH5, CH4) and amino acid mixtures of the same composition as the proteins(SAA, CAA) were fed to rats and the concentration of serum cholesterol was measured. Then in vitro digestibility and molecular weight distribution of the peptides by pepticpancreatic hydrolysis was measured by FPLC. The lower the in vitro digestibility of peptides is, the lower the concentration of serum cholesterol becomes(r=0.986) and the higher the ratio of macropeptides is, the lower the concentration of serum cholesterol becomes(r=-0.932) in rats. These results suggest that the in vitro digestibility of peptides has close relationship to the concentration of serum cholesterol in rats and non-digestible meacropeptides or polypeptides especially more than 1 kDa, formed through digestion in gut, may lower the serum cholesterol in rats.

• 산업식품공학
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.251-261
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• 2009

In vitro physiological functions such as jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) urease inhibitory activity and retarding effect of glucose/bile acid of Aloe vera gel concentrated by the optimized DIS (Dewatering Impregnation & Soaking) process conditions were examined. Urease inhibitory activity of DIS aloes ranged from 84.6 to 94.4%, which was similar to or higher than 86.3% of fresh aloe. Also, urease inhibitory activity of DIS aloes was maintained at initial levels after heat treatment (90$^{\circ}C$, 10 min.) and drying treatment (freeze or hot air drying). Urease inhibition pattern from Lineweaver-Burk plot indicated general non-competitive inhibition, and inhibition constants ($K_{IE}$ and $K_{IES}$) of DIS aloes were 41-149 and 87-163 $\mu$L/mL, respectively. DIS(glucose) and DIS(polyethylene glycol) exhibited the highest retarding effect of glucose and bile acid. Their retarding effects were about 1.6 and 1.8 folds higher than that of fresh aloe after 0.5 and 1 hr of the dialysis, respectively. Conclusively, the above in vitro physiological functions of Aloe vera gel concentrated by DIS process suggested that aloe products treated with DIS would have the potential benefits for protection against Helicobacter pylori and reduction of blood glucose and cholesterol levels.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.43-49
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• 1975

This study was divided into two parts. In the first experiment, the in vitro antimicrobial effect was tested in order to evaluate the effect of vapors, and the effectiveness of the nonspecific endodontic medicaments (formocresol, camphorated parachlorophenol and eugenol). In the second experiment, the intracanal effect was tested in vitro under simulated clinical condition. The actual bactericidal effect of the nonspecific endodontic medicaments (formocresol, camphorated parachlorophenol and eugenol) was quantitated. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The zone of inhibition was appeared on the vapors of formocresol only, however there were no zone of inhibition appeared on the vapors of camphorated parachlorophenol and eugenol. 2. Formocresol produced the widest zone of inhibition and eugenol, the next and camphorated parachlorophenol, the narrowest. 3. All of the tested medicaments were vaporized in the root canal. They proved to be the effective antimicrobial activity in the root canal. 4. All of the tested medicaments were showed more bactericidal effect at 72 hours than 48 hours. 5. In comparing with the bactericidal effect of the tested medicaments in the root canal, formocresol was showed the most bactericidal medicament, camphorated parachlorophenol was showed the least. 6. Complete sterilization of the root canal was not achieved in any medicaments applied in this study.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of $\alpha$-tocopherol and cysteamine with Whitten's medium in supporting the development on in vitro maturation(IVM), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and in culture(IVC) on porcine oocytes. When the immature oocytes were cultured of $\alpha$-tocopherol for 40h, the nuclear maturation rates were 39, 4, 52.5 and 54.1%, respectivley. The nuclear maturation rates of treat groups were signficantly (P<0.05) higher than those of non-treat groups. After matureation, the oocytes were inseminated in vitro in medium 199 with ejaculated spermatoza for examination of sperm penetration, polyspermy, male pronuclear(MPN) formation, and cleavage rate. Sperm penetration rates of treat higher than the control groups(P<0.05), and MPN formation rates were significantly(P<0.05) higher on treated groups (24.3~53.1%) than control groups(14.2~21.4%). After insemination, the cleavage rates at 120hr were groups higher than control groups(P<0.05).

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.230-234
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• 1997

In vitro effect of cortisol on the proliferation of canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC) was examined. The MNC was isolated from peripheral blood by a gradient centrifugation with Picoll-Hypaque. The cell proliferation assayed using a noneradioactive 5-Bromo-2'-deoxy-uridine (BrdU) kit. The MNC proliferated well in response to either phrtobeRagg$]$utinin-p (PHA-P) or culture supernatant from MNC stimulated with PHA-p. However, these proliferative responses of MNC were not affected by addition of coitisol of 1 to 1,OOfl ng/ml. The addition of cortisol in MNC culture with either PHA-P or corture supernatBnt from MNC stimulated with PHA-P far 4 days wag not also influenced on the viabilities of cultured MNC. In conclusions it was able to assay the cell proliferation with BrdU instead of radioactive isotope e.g. tritiated thymidine (3H-TdR). These results suggested that cortisol does not at least influence on MNC proliferation in vitro.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.73-83
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• 1994

The objective of this study was to develop an effective in vitro production system capable of obtaining more porcine embryos from immature oocytes. These experiments were thus conducted to examine the effect of oocytes type and maturation time on the in vitro maturation(IVM) and fertilization(IVF) of oocytes and the in vitro development (IVD)of IVF embryos. 1. The degree of oocyte maturation based on cumulus expansion index(GEI) did not differ for A- and B-typed oocytes but the index of oocyte type C was lower(P<0.05) than that of other oocyte types. 2. When the oocytes of type A and B were matured for 36, 42 and 48hrs, the GEl was not different between the 36- and 42-h maturation but the GEl after 48hrs was greatly lower(P<0.05) than that of other maturation times. 3. The highest cleavage rate(48.6%) of IVF oocytes was obtained from A typed oocytes and 42-h maturation but the developmental potential based on cleavage index was the highest when B-typed oocytes were matured for 42hrs.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.190-195
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• 2003

To assess the genotoxicity of AS6, several classical toxicological tests were performed. In Ames test, AS6 did not show any transformation of revertant with or without S-9 metabolic activating system, indicating the lack of mutagenic effect of the compound. To assess clastogenic effect, in vivo micronucleus and in vitro chromosomal aberration assays were performed using male ICR mice and Chinese hamster lung (CHL) fibroblast cells, respectively. Chromosomal aberration was not induced regardless of the presence of S-9 metabolic activating system. In addition, AS6 did not cause any increase in the incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes at any of the dose levels, suggesting little clastogenicity in vitro or in vivo. Taken together, these results demonstrate that AS-6 has no mutagenic effect in our test system.