• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.185-209
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• 2017

Objectives : The objective of this paper is to review the healing processes employed in the traditional age and discover the unique features found in the Korean Medicine through categorizing and analyzing the distribution of patients, and the aspects and results of treatments as recorded in Gyeongbosinpyeon, a historical text thought to have been authored by a regional doctor active in Joseon during the mid- to late-19th century. Methods : A table is created to view all of the total of 141 medical records introduced in the Gyeongbosinpyeon, and 7 categories were created to each contain 2 to 3 medical records that have special images. The paper provides their translation texts along with the original texts, and analyzed their medical and social significances by comparing each medical record. Results : The clinical competence displayed by the doctor who had worked in Joseon during the 19th century was surprisingly high, and it seems its values are worthy of dissemination when compared with Yeogsimanpil that has been introduced to the world. There is a great significance in how the principle of holistic treatments, the fundamental aspect of Joseon's medical study, was adhered. Additionally, the parts that show the historical text's author's medical activities and their unique characteristics are also worthy of attention. Conclusions : Korean medicine possesses a remarkable text called Donguibogam, but clinical behaviors' successes are not guaranteed solely with textual knowledge. It can be witnessed that such texts of authority and such medical records that have recorded actual activities complement each other in order to improve the quality of Joseon's study of medicine.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2014

This study investigated the various editions of Huangjenaegyeongsomun (黃帝內經素問) published in the Joseon Dynasty. Only study for on Eulhae metal type (乙亥字) Huangjenaegyeongsomun and bibliography research of some holding institutions are the existing research on this topic. The conclusion of this paper is as follows. 1. The 14 and 15-volume book are existing most common versions of Huangjenaegyeongsomun (黃帝內經素問) published in Joseon Dynasty. The two books were corrected by Naeuiwon (內醫院). According to this study, the latter is more early than the former. But in the study of the past were not made clear distinction between the two books. 2. The 15-volume book of Huangjenaegyeongsomun (黃帝內經素問) was published in the mid-18th century between the first half of the 19th century. 3. A Wooden print editions Huangjenaegyeongsomun (黃帝內經素問) about Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592 ago have been investigated holding institution. 4. The Gyeongju-published Huangjenaegyeongsomun (黃帝內經素問) is estimated that in the mid Joseon Dynasty, This edition has been estimated that the late Joseon Dynasty far.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.57-70
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• 2005

This study is the consideration about Hwaryeong-Jeon that enshrines Joseon Dynasty 22nd king Jeongjo's portrait of a king. Suwon's Hwaryeong-Jeon that accompanied a portrait and performed ritual ceremonies had several formalities and ceremonies which are connected with rituals. therefore, we will try to examine what relation between arrangement of building and plane composition had. And through this, it is thing to observe construction special quality that Hwaryeong-Jeon has. Joseon Dynasty's young-jeon (a hall where the royal portraits are kept) is retaining each other different state according to construction age every moment. Hwaryeong-Jeon among Joseon Dynasty's a hall of royal portraits is the construction form which is equiped well and is known for keeping the form well from the foundation to now And this building is evaluated as the standard form of early part young-jeon building of 19th century. Especially, Hwaryeong-Jeon shows the typical ritual equipments late Joseon Dynasty and at the same time has all kinds of characteristics which only we can find at Hwaryeong-Jeon. Namely, Hwaryeong-Jeon is the building which brings the design concept of the hall of royal portraits to completion as the building which enshrines single portrait of a king. After all, Hwaryeong-Jeon is evaluated as the building which can pass excellent form of late Joseon Dynasty, the hall of royal portraits building just as it is. Therefore, as I study its own style, I expect Joseon Dynasty's mind that enshrined the portrait of a king elaborately to be revealed.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

In the late Joseon Dynasty, a bulky volume of books, which had rarely been seen, poured out including "Imwongyeongjeji", "Japdongsani", "Songnamjapsik" and "Ohjuyeonmunjaangjeonsango". such sorts of books have a characteristic that an author collected various pieces of information, which were scatter away at that time, in one's own way and compiled them into a book rather than an author's own remarks or ideas. Most authors of such books were known to have made not a few book beside bulky books. Such a trend of the times doubled its revitalization with the influx of that books in a series that were popular especially in the period of Ming State & Ching State in China. The research work on such a trend once showed not a little progress by a few faithful researchers even under the circumstances where they were overwhelmed by the bulkiness of a book in a series itself and its target volume. However, in spite of not a little fruition of such studies, there has been no comments at all on the new factors of change faced by Oriental medicine in the climate of the intellect history in the late Joseon Dynasty. Thus, this study aimed at looking at the significance of medical-history-based studies on this matter on the basis of Park, Jiwon's "Keumryosocho", and Lee, Deokmu's "Iemokgushimseo", and suggesting the further task. The conclusions obtained from the analysis of "Keumryosocho" and "Iemokgusimseo" are as follows: 1.The prescriptions cited from the sorts of writings excluded entirely the medical theories on the principles of prescription, and they are composed of a single-medicine prescription or so, which made it easier even for those who lacked a special knowledge of medicine to use it; in addition, it was easy to get medicinal ingredients in most cases. It's presumed that such a composition of medicinal ingredients had a close relation with the difficulty in the supply of medicinal ingredients, which issue became a serious issue in the late Joseon Dynasty. 2. The prescriptions originating from the sorts of writings sometimes are mixed with the ones whose medical efficiency are doubted. This means the inherence of obstacles to delivering accurate medical knowledge couldn't be avoided because the initial purpose of such sorts of writings lay in popularity than practicality. 3. In spite of such problems, the prescriptions originating from writings seems to have not a few influences on the intellectuals in the late Joseon Dynasty, and it's possible for us to take a glance on the traces of their use of these prescriptions in an actual daily life. This fact is fully confirmed by the contents in the preface of "Keumryosocho" that Park-jiwon personally tried to write a prescription. Moreover, such facts can be also confirmed from the fact that the writings of China or our country are seen quite often among the writings which were incited by Seo, Yugu's "Injeji." Like this, the fact that the information of orthodox medicine and the one originating from general books other than medicine books were integrated at one place is plainly showing a phase of the intellect history in the late Joseon Dynasty deluged with information; because of such a characteristic, we can say that Oriental medicine became plentiful in the aspect of diversity with its expansion of denotation, but Oriental medicine could not but additionally assume the problem of having to distinguish good from bad in the midst of such a situation.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.47-62
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• 2022

본 연구는 18세기 후반 조선산학서의 기하 영역 중 평면도형 관련 내용들이 이전 시기와 비교하여 어떻게 차별화되어 다루어졌는지 살펴보고, 평면도형과 관련된 설명과 계산법의 변화, 문제해결과정에서 수학적 논리의 엄밀성, 새롭게 등장한 수학 주제에 초점을 맞추어 분석하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 18세기 후반에 저술된 서명응의 <고사십이집>과 황윤석의 <산학입문>, 홍대용의 <주해수용>을 주 분석문헌으로 선정하여 이전시기의 <묵사집산법>, <구일집>과 비교하였다. 분석 결과, 도형을 측정 대상으로서가 아니라 성질을 탐구하는 대상으로 설명하고, 서법(西法)을 별해로 추가 제시하거나 기존 풀이법을 대체한 사례가 확인되었다. 또한 일부 문제에서 수학적 근거를 토대로 계산법의 타당성을 기술하거나 도형그림을 삽입한 도해(圖解)를 통한 설명, 근삿값에 대한 명확한 인식과 보다 정밀한 근삿값 설명 등은 수학적 논리의 엄밀성을 추구한 대표적 사례였다. 오늘날의 삼각함수에 해당하는 팔선(八線)과 삼각형의 구성요소 사이의 관계를 일반 삼각형으로 확장한 사례는 18세기 후반에 새롭게 등장한 기하 영역 주제였다. 이상은 18세기 후반의 조선산학이 서양수학의 이론적이고 논증적인 전개 양식을 점진적으로 수용한 근거라고 할 수 있다.

• 천문학논총
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.367-380
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• 2017

The life and astronomical activity of Lee Deok-Seong (李德星, 1720-1794) was studied using various historical sources, including the astronomical almanac, Seungjeongwon-Ilgi (Daily records of Royal Secretariat of Joseon dynasty), and the Gwansang-Gam's logbooks during Joseon dynasty (A.D. 1392-1910). We present the results of the study including the following main findings. First, from the investigation of Lee's family tree, we find that a number of his relatives were also astronomers, notably Samryeok-Gwan (三曆官, the post of calendrical calculation). Second, we find that he took part in the compilation of an annual astronomical almanac over a period of at least 16 years. His major achievements in the astronomy of the Joseon dynasty were to establish a new method of calendar-making calculation and to bring astronomical materials to the Joseon court through a visit to China. The Joseon dynasty enforced the Shixianli (時憲曆, a Chinese calendar made by Adam Shall) in 1654 without fully understanding the calendar. So an astronomer and an envoy were dispatched to China in order to master the intricacies of the calendar and to learn as much of Western science as was available in that time and place. Lee Deok-Seong worked at the Gwansang-Gam (觀象監, Royal Astronomical Bureau) during the reigns of King Yeongjo (英祖) and Jeongjo (正祖). As best as we can ascertain in relation with the calculations in the Shixian calendar, Lee visited China four times. During his trips and interactions, he learned a new method for calendar-making calculations, and introduced many Western-Chinese astronomical books to Joseon academia. Lee greatly improved the accuracy of calendrical calculations, even while simplifying the calculation process. With these achievements, he finally was promoted to the title of Sungrok-Daebu (崇祿大夫), the third highest grade of royal official. In conclusion, history demonstrates that Lee Deok-Seong was one of the most outstanding astronomers in the late-Joseon dynasty.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.208-241
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• 2010

본 고는 조선시대 왕실의 태실에 유존하는 태실 석함(이하 태함)의 현황을 살펴보고, 제작연대를 바탕으로 형식을 분류하여 고고학적인 태함의 양식을 설정하고 그 편년을 시도한 것이다. 태함은 태실을 처음 조성할 때 매납하는 유물이지만 명문이 각자되지 않으므로 태함 자체만으로 연구하기에는 큰 어려움이 따른다. 하지만 태실 조성 시 함께 제작하는 태지석과 아기비의 명문을 찾아 살펴보고 문헌기록을 대조하여 그 제작시기를 밝힘으로 인해 태함의 제작시기도 밝혀 낼 수 있다. 먼저, 편년의 결정적 요소는 태함을 구성하는 함개와 함신 모두임을 알 수 있었으며, 또한 태함의 변화와 양식은 크게 4단계로 구분할 수 있었다. 조선 왕실의 태함의 변화는 조선 초기에는 고려시대의 양식을 이어받아 상자형으로 만들었으나, 15세기 중 후엽에 과도기를 거쳐 15세기 후엽에 반원형 함개 원통형 함신이 정착하게 된다. 그리고 16세기 후엽에는 앞 시기의 양식에서 발전하여 태함에 돌기가 부착되는 등 장식성이 가미되나, 이는 예술성보다는 기능성에 기인한 것으로 판단된다. 하지만 반원형 함개 원통형 함신이 다시 17세기 초에 재현되며, 17세기 중엽 후부터는 함개에만 돌기가 있거나 무보주의 원추형 함개 또는 절구형의 함신 등 다양하게 나타나는 과도기의 현상이 발생한다. 그러나 다시 보주가 부착된 원추형 함개라는 새로운 양식이 18세기 전엽~18세기 중엽 초에 출현하며, 이것이 다음 시기인 18세기 중엽까지 지속되나, 함신의 감실이 일단벽호형의 방형으로 바뀐다. 계속해서 18세기 중엽에는 함개는 앞 시기의 양식을 유지하나 함신은 감실이 다시 한 면이 ㄷ모양의 열쇠구멍형으로 변화한다. 하지만, 18세기 말에 와서 다시 가장 전형적인 양식인 반원형 함개 원통형 함신의 태함이 재출현하여 태함의 양식이 이 형태가 가장 정형성이 있음을 보여준다. 마지막으로 19세기 중엽에는 함개가 반원형에서 상부가 편평한 장방형의 새로운 양식이 출현하여 쇠퇴기를 맞는다. 그리고 이를 다시 양식상 크게 4단계로 구분할 수 있는데, 조선 초에는 태함이 아직 정형화되지 않아 고려시대의 양식을 이어받았으나(I단계; 1401~15C 중엽), 15세기 후엽부터는 자체적인 발전을 거듭하여 정형화되고(II단계; 1477~1641), 시기가 지나면서 다시 일부 돌기나 보주가 부착되는 등 장식성이 가미되나(III단계; 1660~1754), 결국 18세기 말에는 정형화된 양식이 재출현하다가 조선 말기인 19세기 중엽에는 간략화되어 쇠퇴과정을 겪게 되는 것(IV단계; 1790~1874)을 알 수 있었다. 그러므로 이러한 태함의 양식과 편년 결과는 문헌기록이 부족한 상태에서 앞으로 태실지에서 태함만 확인되더라도 그 조성시기와 주인공이 누구인지 밝혀내는 데 많은 도움이 되리라 생각된다.

• 동양고전연구
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• 제66호
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• pp.129-162
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• 2017

이 글은 '저승길' '심판' '징벌'의 지옥 관련 화소를 포함하고 있는 조선후기 문학작품을 대상으로, 지옥 형상화의 양상과 그 성격에 대해 살펴보았다. <인과문> <권왕가> 등의 불교가사는 지옥에서의 징벌 양상을 상세하게 묘사하고 있으며, 징벌의 이유로 살생 망어 음주 사견 등의 5악 내지 10악을 제시하고 있다. 이들 가사에 나타난 '지옥'은 '불전 속의 지옥'과 큰 차이가 없다. '회심곡'의 경우는 시왕의 심판을 받는 죄인을 남자와 여자로 구분한 뒤, 남자에게는 선행의 덕목을, 여자에게는 악행의 항목을 제시하고 있다. 선행의 덕목과 악행의 항목들에는 불교적 윤리 규범과, '삼강오륜'을 포함한 유교적 윤리 규범이 공존하고 있다. 지옥 관련 야담과 한글소설은 징벌의 양상 및 그 이유가 작품에 따라 조금씩 차이가 있지만, 지옥행의 원인을 통해 '삼강오륜'을 중심으로 한 윤리적 덕목들을 강조하고 있는 공통점을 보인다. 그리고 대체로 지옥행의 원인에 비해 지옥의 징벌 화소가 축소되어 나타나 있다. 이러한 특징은 지옥 관련 조선후기 문학작품이 지옥의 고통을 환기시켜 불도수행에 힘쓸 것을 권하기보다는, 일반 대중에게 익숙한 '지옥 관념'을 활용하여 일상생활에서 지켜야 하는 윤리적 덕목들을 제공 또는 교육시키는데에 주된 목적이 있었음을 보여준다. 유교적 윤리 규범의 강조는 지옥 관련 문학작품에만 국한되는 현상은 아니다. 이들 작품이 창작 유통된 19세기에는 유교적 윤리 규범을 강조하는 교화서 교훈가사 권선서의 찬술 및 간행이 급증하고 있는 것이다. 이와 같은 유교적 윤리의식의 고양 내지 강화는 삼정(三政)의 문란, 잦은 민란의 발생, 천주교의 교세 확장 등 기존 체제를 위협하는 사회적 혼란에 대한 19세기 조선사회의 위기의식에서 기인한 것이라 할 수 있다. 특히 조선후기 지옥 관련 문학작품의 창작 유통은 천주교의 유포 및 확산과 관련이 있다. 당시의 일반 대중들 사이에서 천주교가 널리 확산되었던 이유 중의 하나는 '천당 지옥설'이었고, 집권층 및 유가 지식인들의 주요 공격 대상이 되었던 천주교의 교리 또한 천당 지옥설이었기 때문이다. 결국, 조선후기 문학작품의 지옥 형상화는 19세기 조선사회가 직면했던 사회적 혼란에 대한 위기의식을 반영한 것이자, 당시 널리 확산되고 있던 천주교의 지옥설에 대한 문학적 대응의 성격을 갖는다고 할 수 있다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.732-740
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to discuss Joseon dynastyis first perspective on the Western-style Court Costume which was newly introduced to Joseon through the problems receiving the credential that Japan had sent in new style. For this study, the records of Joseon and Japan at that period have been analyzed. The followings are the results of this research; First, a critical argument on the Western-style Court Costume occurred just before the Port Opening because whether wearing a western costume was the key factor in Joseon dynastyis receiving the credential that Japan had send in new style. Second, Japan received western costume as its domestic courtesy system by establishing the Court Costume of Civil servants in 1872 and consequently Japan established new ceremony procedure of western-style bow in 1875. Third, Joseon dynasty officially opposed to the Western-style Court Costume when Japan sent the credential, because the western costume selected by Japan had beenregarded as that of western barbarian at that time in Joseon. Accordingly, it seems reasonable that before the introduction of western costume into Joseon dynasty, an open-door policy for the West had been a prior settlement for Joseon dynasty regardless of the details of Western-style Court Costume. And also, the pride of civilization of Joseon dynasty, which has been used to express Joseon dynastyis identity as Joseon-centrism, had to be converted before the open-door policy. Ultimately, it could be inferred that the reception of the Western-style Court Costume had been raised as the political and diplomatic problems in the circumstances when the submissive relationship in the traditional Eastern- Asia had been forced to be converted to modern sovereign international relationship.

• 복식
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• 제58권5호
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• pp.118-133
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• 2008

The basic costumes of the joseon dynasty such as pants and jackets were not particularly distinctive over the period in comparison to po. The coat that was worn over pants and jacket, however, had different forms in the course of the joseon dynasty. In this paper, I will analyze the changing style of pyeonbokpo, the daily costumes of Joseon man, which were excavated in recent years. Changes in the collar style were the most distinctive of joseon pyeonbokpo such as cheolik, dapho, aekjueum, jikryeong, daechangyeui, jungchimak, and juyeui. Although pyeonbokpo had double collars in the early joseon dynasty, they disappeared in the seventeenth century: a straight line also replaced by a curve for the collar perimeter. Front-adjusting of pyeonbokpo was very deep in the early joseon dynasty; front-adjusting became simple in the late joseon dynasty, resulting in the central positioning of a ribbon. The rectangular form of a gusset(mu) was stitched to the bodice through various pleats. Gusset patterns changed greatly into various forms in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, along with the ladder gusset form. The long vest(dapho) was half-sleeved and had a deep front adjustment in the early joseon dynasty; however, it did not have collars and sleeves since the eighteenth century. The waist line of cheolik had the ratio of 1.2 to 1 for the bodice to skirt. But the length of skirts grew gradually into the ratios of 1 to 1, 1 to 2, and 1 to 3.8 while the waist line moved upwards to the chest line. Sleeves of all po had a straight form but they gradually developed the tendency to widen towards the wrists. Later, sleeves changed again, having a wide rectangular form starting from the armpits. Cheolik was widely worn in the early joseon dynasty; however, it was worn less in later years. Instead, clothes that had slits such as dopo, daechangeui, and jungchimak were greatly available. These characteristics of the change in men's costumes enable us to measure the time period of excavated findings despite the lack of records for Joseon graves.