• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.1005-1013
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• 2006

A survey and auditory experiment on multiple residential noises such as floor impact, airborne, bathroom, drainage and traffic noises were conducted to develop a combined rating system and to establish criteria for multiple residential noises. Subjective reactions such as annoyance, activity disturbance, sleep disturbance, and satisfaction to overall noise environment and each residential noise were recorded. The effect of individual noise perception on the evaluation of the overall noise environment was also investigated. The survey results showed that satisfaction for floor impact noise most greatly affects the overall satisfaction for overall noise environment and annoyance most greatly affects the satisfaction for individual noise sources. Auditory experiments were undertaken to determine the percent satisfaction for individual noise levels. Result of auditory experiment showed that the noise level corresponding to 40 % satisfaction is 49 dB $(L_{i,Fmax,AW})$ for floor impact and is about 40 dB(A) for airborne, drainage and traffic noise. From the results of the survey and the auditory experiments, an equation for predicting the overall satisfaction for multiple noises was developed and a classification of multiple residential noises was proposed.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2024

As there is growing concern about the environmental impact of greenhouse gas emissions from ships, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has introduced several regulations targeting reductions in carbon dioxide emissions of 50% by 2050. This study pays particular attention to the carbon intensity indicator (CII) and investigates the impact of slow steaming, one of the short-term measures in the regulation, on containership operations. To this end, a dataset of 8 containerships with various ages and sizes was collected. Based on operation data in 2021, the CII ratings of the containerships were estimated in the business-as-usual scenario for the 2023-2030 period. Then, the speed reductions required to keep the minimum CII rating were calculated for individual containerships. Finally, working day losses resulting from the speed reductions were calculated. The findings in this study were threefold. First, it was found that containerships will undergo degradation in the CII rating every 3 or 4 years without slow steaming. Second, a speed reduction of 2 knots between 2023 and 2030 is required to keep the minimum CII rating. Finally, speed reductions result in the loss of as many as 6 or 7 working days per year.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to present a plan for reducing noise between floors of apartment houses in Korea and to examine the method for evaluating noise blocking performance rating between floors. The definition of floor noise and classification method of floor noise can be described, and floor noise can be distinguished into lightweight impact sound and heavy impact sound. The wall-type structure, which is mainly adopted in domestic apartments, relatively transmits vibration caused by impact sources rather than using columns and beams, so noise problems between floors are relatively higher than systems using columns and beams. Three representative methods for reducing and blocking floor noise are described, and criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of floor noise reduction by each method are described. In addition, the method for noise reduction and blocking grades for each construction method currently applied in Korea was described, and as a result, it was judged that the domestic rating evaluation method was not suitable for the current domestic situation, and a new evaluation method and standard were needed.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.157-162
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• 2023

This study analyzed the relationship between ESG performance and corporate value using panel data from Chinese equipment manufacturing companies spanning from 2012 to 2021, and it also examined whether ownership structure moderates this relationship. We have contributed to filling the gap in existing research. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: Firstly, similar to previous researches, ESG performance was found to have a positive and statistically significant impact on corporate value. Secondly, when the three dimensions of ESG - Environmental (E), Social (S), and Governance (G) - were analyzed separately, it was observed that E and S have a positive and statistically significant impact on corporate value, while G has a negative and statistically significant impact. Thirdly, ownership concentration emerged as a significant moderating factor in explaining the connection between ESG performance and corporate value. Lastly, when the three dimensions of ESG were analyzed separately, ownership concentration was found to serve as a positive moderating factor in the relationship between corporate value and E and S, but it did not play a statistically significant role for G.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2009

Entering in the time of high oil price, seriousness of an energy effect sector has given a huge impact and the importance of energy is growing. Especially, building energy occupying 24% of total demand of energy can be expected to reduce energy demand more than other section. To do this, the Building Energy Rating System is applied and implemented in Apartment houses on Jeju, South and Central region. This system calculates into energy saving rate, and certifies the building energy rating. This study evaluates the energy saving rate and rating and compares the difference in energy savings considering to each region and the thermal performance of the window. In result, the standard of the assessment house which is applied to the build energy rating system is demanded to distinguish the thermal performance of window according to regional variation.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2009년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.15-20
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• 2009

Entering in the time of high oil price, seriousness of an energy effect sector has given a huge impact and the importance of energy is growing. Especially, building energy occupying 24% of total demand of energy can be expected to reduce energy demand more than other section. To do this, the Building Energy Rating System is applied and implemented in Apartment houses on Jeju, South and Central region. This system calculates into energy saving rate, and certifies the building energy rating. This study evaluates the energy saving rate and rating and compares the difference in energy savings considering to each region and the thermal performance of the window. In result, the standard of the assessment house which is applied to the build energy rating system is demanded to distinguish the thermal performance of window according to regional variation.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.99-112
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 기업의 신용평가등급(RANK) 변화(하락,상승)가 실물이익조정에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 가설검증을 위해 2008년부터 2013년까지 한국거래소에 상장되어 있는 기업을 대상으로 총 6년 동안 기업-연도 2,583개의 표본을 사용하여 연구를 진행하였으며 실증분석한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 신용평가등급(RANK)과 실물이익조정의 측정치인 비정상영업현금흐름(ACFO)과 비정상재량적비용(ADE)간에는 양(+)의 관련성이 나타났으며, 비정상제조원가(AMC) 간에는 음(-)의 관련성이 나타났다. 둘째, IFRS 도입과 비정상재량적비용(ADE) 간에는 양(+)의 관련성이 나타났으며, 비정상제조원가(AMC) 간에는 음(-)의 관련성이 나타났다. 셋째, 신용평가등급(RANK)이 상승한 경우 비정상영업현금흐름(ACFO)과는 1%수준에서 유의한 양(+)의 관련성이 나타났고, 비정상재량적비용(ADE)과는 유의하지 않은 음(-)의 관련성이 나타났고, 비정상제조원가(AMC)는 10%수준에서 유의한 양(+)의 관련성이 나타났다. 넷째, 신용평가등급이 하락한 경우 비정상영업현금흐름(ACFO)과는 음(-)의 관련성이 나타났고, 비정상제조원가(AMC)와는 양(+)의 관련성이 나타나 신용평가등급이 하락한 기업은 자본조달비용을 감소시키기 위해 미래의 현금흐름을 포기하더라도 양(+)의 실물이익조정을 행하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.456-465
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• 2013

Objectives : A case of cervical dystonia improved after Korean medical treatments by using measurements of Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS), and Cervical Dystonia Impact Profile (CDIP-58) to evaluate the changes of symptoms. Methods : Korean medical treatments for relieving symptoms of cervical dystonia including acupuncture, herb medication, cupping therapy, and physical therapy were performed. To evaluate the effect of the treatments, TWSTRS and CDIP-58 were used. Results : TWSTRS decreased from 55 to 24.5 and CDIP-58 also decreased from 79.3 to 36.2. Conclusions : This report suggests that Korean medical treatments can be effectively used for patients with cervical dystonia. Further clinical studies are needed to verify the findings.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.338-345
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between the 'Fenestration Energy Consumption Efficiency Rating System' (hereafter referred to as FECERS) and building energy consumption. 'EnergyPlus' was used for the calculation of energy consumption in apartments and office buildings, according to FECERS's rating and SHGC. The result indicates that the FECERS has high correlation with apartments, but has low correlation with office buildings. Also, it indicates that office buildings have a large impact from SHGC, which is not reflected in the FECERS. Consequently, the FECERS needs to be improved, by adding optical properties to assessment items. Additional study is required to establish the fenestration rating system, which, on the basis of this work, has high relevance to building energy consumption.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2009

The importance of process for repair and reinforcement of the bridge is increasing because of the lack of the fatigue load and stress, a lowering of the bridge load carrying capacity owing to impact and oscillation, deterioration on cultivation periods of the bridge, etc. Typically the experimenter values the bridge load carrying capacity by the real rating factor and response modification factor in bridge load rating through static load test and dynamic load test. But the error occurred in reliability of response modification factor in bridge load rating according to experience of experimenter. so tests of connecting probability theory and valuation of the bridge recently. The study is to compute the real load carrying capacity of the bridge and the rating factor and response modification factor on grade of the bridge, and calculate the probability of over-loaded truck load from Weigh In Motion(WIM) Data in FORTRAN programming applying to Monte-Carlo Simulation. At the result of this study, it is acquired that the new grade is computed for the probability of over-loaded truck load and surface inspection. The A grade is over 1.95, B grade is $1.55{\sim}1.94$, C grade is $1.26{\sim}1.54$, D grade is $1.14{\sim}1.25$, E grade is under 1.13 of rating factor, respectively.