• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.391-397
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• 2013

In the present study, we aimed to analyze the antinociceptive, immunomodulatory and antipyretic activities of nymphayol were investigated in wistar rats and mice. Antinociceptive effect was evaluated by acetic acid induced writhing, formalin induced paw licking and hot-plate tests. Immunomodulatory activity was assessed by neutrophil adhesion test, humoral response to sheep red blood cells, delayed-type hypersensitivity, phagocytic activity and cyclophosphamide induced myelosuppression. Antipyretic activity was evaluated by yeast induced hyperthermia in rats. Nymphayol produced significant (p<0.05) antinociceptive activity in acetic acid induced writhing response and late phase of the formalin induced paw licking response. Pre-treatment with nymphayol (50 mg/kg, oral) evoked a significant increase in neutrophil adhesion to nylon fibres. The augmentation of humoral immune response to sheep red blood cells by nymphayol (50 mg/kg) was evidenced by increase in antibody titres in rats. Oral administration of nymphayol (50 mg/kg) to rats potentiated the delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction induced by sheep red blood cells. Treatment with nymphayol showed a significant (p<0.05) reduction in pyrexia in rats. The results suggest that nymphayol possesses potent anti-nociceptive, immunomodulatory and antipyretic activities.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.83-92
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• 2005

Objective: Although the effect of Ulmus davidiana Planch (UD) extracts on collagen-induced-arthritis (CIA) and bone metabolism has been studies, research on its effect on human immunomodulatory activity is further a due. The objective of the present study was to investigate the immunomodulatory activity of UD on cellular and humoral immunity. Methods : Oral administration of the ethanolic and water extracts of UD, at doses of 20, 100 and 200 mg/kg in mice, dose dependently potentiated the delayed type hypersensitivity reaction induced both by sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and oxazolone. Results : It significantly enhanced the production of circulating antibody titre in response to SRBC in mice. Extracts of UD failed to show any effect on macrophage phagocytosis. Chronic administration of UD extracts significantly ameliorated the total white blood cell count and also restored the myelosuppressive effects induced by cyclophosphamide. Conclusion : The present investigation reveals that UD extracts possesses immunomodulatory activity.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.47.1-47.13
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• 2020

Tetracyclines, which have long been used as broad-spectrum antibiotics, also exhibit a variety of nonantibiotic activities including anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Tetracyclines bind to the 30S ribosome of the bacteria and inhibit protein synthesis. Unlike antimicrobial activity, the primary molecular target for the nonantibiotic activity of tetracycline remains to be clarified. Nonetheless, the therapeutic efficacies of tetracyclines, particularly minocycline and doxycycline, have been demonstrated in various animal models of autoimmune disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and asthma. In this study, we summarized the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of tetracyclines, focusing on the mechanisms underlying these activities. In addition, we highlighted the on-going or completed clinical trials with reported outcomes.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.1248-1254
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• 2019

Identification of novel probiotic strains is of great interest in the field of functional foods. Specific strains of heat-killed bacteria have been reported to exert immunomodulatory effects. Herein, we investigated the immune-stimulatory function of heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum KCTC 13314BP (LBP). Treatment with LBP significantly increased the production of $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-6 by macrophages. More importantly, LBP was able to enhance the phagocytic activity of macrophages against bacterial particles. Activation of p38, JNK, ERK, $NF-{\kappa}B$, and STAT3 was involved in the immunomodulatory function of LBP. LBP treatment significantly increased production of $TNF-{\alpha}$ by bone marrow-derived macrophages and splenocytes, further confirming the immunostimulatory effect of LBP in primary immune cells. Interestingly, the immunomodulatory effects of LBP were much stronger than those of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, a well-known probiotic strain. These results indicate that LBP can be a promising immune-enhancing functional food agent.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.321-331
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• 2022

Egg yolk is widely used to extract lecithin, which is utilized in the food and cosmetics industry. After lecithin is removed, the rest of egg yolk is generated as a by-product. Thus, it is necessary to properly utilize it. In this study, egg yolk protein extracts were produced using ethanol (EYE-E) and water (EYE-W). Their antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects were then evaluated. Antioxidant activities of EYE-E and EYE-W were determined using cellular antioxidant capacity (CAC) assay and comet assay. EYE-E and EYE-W showed significant (p<0.05) scavenging effects on intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a dose dependent manner. At a concentration of 50 ㎍/mL, EYE-W showed higher (p<0.05) antioxidant activity than EYE-E. EYE-E and EYE-W also exhibited protective effects against DNA damage caused by oxidative stress. After treatment with EYE-E and EYE-W, DNA damage level of 48.7% due to oxidative stress was decreased to 36.2% and 31.8% levels, respectively. In addition, EYE-E and EYE-W showed immunomodulatory effects by regulating Th1 cytokines (TNF-α and IL-2) and Th2 cytokines (IL-10 and IL-4) in Balb/c mouse splenocytes. These data suggest that EYE-E and EYE-W could be used as functional food ingredients with excellent antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities in the food industry.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.137-147
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• 2004

In order to evaluate the antitumor activity and immunomodulatory effects of Seoleosojong-tang(SST), studies were done. We measured the cytotoxic activity for various kinds of cancer cells, inhibitory effect on activity of DNA topoisomerase I, cell adhesion to complex extracellular matrix, survival time in ICR bearing S-180, pulmonary colonization and histological changes of lung in C57BL/6 injected i.v. with B16-F10, CAM assay, expression of CD4/sup +/, CD8/sup +/, B220/sup +/, cytokine gene in spleen cell. The results were obtained as follows: 1. In cytotoxicity against A549, HT1080, 816-F10, NCL-H661 was showed cytotoxicity as compared with control. 2. The inhibitory effect on adhesion of A549, 816-F10 to complex extracellular matrix was over 40% at 100 ㎍/㎖ of SST. 3. In DNA topoisomerase I assay, SST has inhibitory effect. 4. The T/C% was 120.8 in SST treated group in S-180 bearing ICR mice. 5. In pulmonary colonization assay, a number of colonies were decreased significantly and histological changes were showed that infiltration area of cancer cells were inhibited effectively in SST treated group. 6. In CAM Assay, SST has antiangiogenic effect. 7. On the expression of positive cell to CD4/sup +/, CD8/sup +/ and 8220/sup +/ in spleen cells, CD4/sup +/ cells were increased significantly in SST treated group. 8. Effect of SST on IL-1β gene expression in splenic cell was significantly increased as function of whole concentration. 9. The gene expression of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-γ, TNF-α were increased in SST treated group. From above results SST could be usefully applied for antitumor activity and immunomodulatory effects, but further research of SST should be required.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.230-235
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• 2004

We previously reported that the phytoprotein extracted from Acanthopanax senticosus (PA) had anti-carcinogenic anti-metastatic activity via increase of inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication. In the present study investigated the immunomodulatory mechanism of phytoprotein isolated from the stem bark of Acanthopanax sentic (PA). PA was found to significantly stimulate macrophages producing TNF-α and IL-1β in vitro. It also showed tumori activity indicating that PA had the ability to stimulate macrophage directly. Moreover, PA induced the CDB/sup +/ CTL cy responses to recognize antigen on the B16-BL6 melanoma cells. Treatment of PA with B16-BL6 melanoma cells increased the proliferation of splenocytes compared with untreated control. These results demonstrate that PA immunomodulatory activity suggesting a useful anti-tumor agent applicable to treatment and prevention of cancer.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.273-277
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• 2003

Salicornia herbacea is an annual herb growing in salt marshes and on muddy seashores. Salicornia herbacea has been used as a fork medicine as well as a seasoned vegetable. In fork medicine, Salicornia herbacea has been used to treat a variety of diseases such as constipation, obesity, diabetes, asthma, arthritis and cancer. However, the biological mechanisms for these activities have not been characterized, nor the active components. The immunomodulatory activity of Salicornia herbacea components were studied in the present study. The components of Salicornia herbacea were prepared from the whole plant by passage through a fine screen, and then dialyzed against PBS overnight. Immunomodulatory activities of the Salicornia herbacea components were examined on a mouse macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7 cells. The Salicornia herbacea components were shown to stimulate cytokine production, nitric oxide release, and expression of surface molecules in a dose dependent manner. The Salicornia herbacea components also induced further differentiation of slightly adherent RAW 264.7 cell into strongly adherent macrophages. These results indicate that Salicornia herbacea contains immunomodulator(s) that induces activation of macrophages.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.617-622
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• 2001

A protein-polysaccharide fraction of a Korean wild mushroom Psathyrella velutina, PVP, was prepared and its antitumor immunomodulatory activity was investigated. When PVP was administered once daily for seven days from day 1 to day 7 into male ICR mice implanted with 1 $\times$ 10$^{5}$ cells of sarcom 180 tumor cells into the peritoneum on day 4, it inhibited the growth of sarcoma 180 cells by 92.8%. In XTT assay, PVP also exhorted in vitro anti-proliferation activity on U-937, a human monoblastoid cell line, as well as sarcoma 180 cells. PVP showed marked stimulatory activity on the immune system in that it induced the accumulation of PEC (the stimulation index, Sl=4.90 at 100 mg/kg), stimulated the BALB/c mouse splenic lymphocytes to form lymphoblasts (Sl=5.75 at 100$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml), and upergulated the expression of CD25 molecules. All these results strongly support that PVP exhorts its antitumor activity through stimulation of the immune system as well as anti-proliferative activity on the tumor cells.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1282-1286
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• 2005

The in vivo immunomodulatory function of the activity of murine natural killer (NK) cells induced by high mannuronic acid-containing alginate (HMA) was examined. HMA was injected i.p at doses of 25 and 100 mg/kg. The NK activity was 3 times higher with 100 mg/kg HMA than the baseline. In addition, in vitro studies of splenocytes cultured with HMA for 20 h showed a significant increase in NK activity at E:T ratio of 100: 1; a 160$\%$ and 210$\%$ increase at 10 and 100 $\mu$g/mL, respectively. There was a six fold increase in interferon-$\gamma$ production in a postculture of splenocytes with 100 $\mu$g/mL HMA. HMA had no suppressive effects on the lymphocyte function in the presence or absence of mitogens. This suggests that HMA is useful in cancer immunotherapy.