• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.36-44
• /
• 2005

Background: The anti-tumor therapeutic effect of autologous tumor cell lysate pulseddendritic cells (DCs) was studied for non-immunogenic and immune suppressive lung cancer model. To test the possibility as an adjuvant therapy, minimal residual disease model was considered in mouse in vivo experiments. Methods: Syngeneic 3LL lung cancer cells were inoculated intravenously into the C57BL/6 mouse. Autologous tumor cell (3LL) or allogeneic leukemia cell (WEHI-3) lysate pulsed-DCs were injected twice in two weeks. Intraperitoneal DC injection was started one day (MRD model) after tumor cell inoculation. Two weeks after the final DC injection, tumor formation in the lung and the tumor-specific systemic immunity were observed. Tumor-specific lymphocyte proliferation and the IFN-${\gamma}$ secretion were analyzed for the immune monitoring. Therapeutic DCs were cultured from the bone marrow myeloid lineage cells with GM-CSF and IL-4 for 7 days and pulsed with tumor cell lysate for 18 hrs. Results: Compared to the saline treated group, tumor formation was suppressed in 3LL tumor cell lysate pulsed-DC treated group, while 3LL-specific immune stimulation was minimum. WEHI-3-specific immune stimulation occurred in WEHI-3 lysate-pulsed DC treated group, which had no correlation with tumor regression. Conclusion: The data suggest the possible anti-tumor effect of cultured DCs as an adjuvant therapy for minimal residual disease state of lung cancer. The significance of immune modulation in DC therapy including the possible involvement of NK cell as well as antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell activity induction was discussed.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.147-155
• /
• 2014

It has well studied that immune cells are strongly related to tumor progression and tumor suppression. To identify the difference of immune cell between tumor bearing mice and normal mice, we examined systemically the immune cell of CT26 tumor bearing mice on 21 days after tumor cell administration. As previously reported, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells population of tumor bearing mice significantly decreased 38% and 30% on day 21 compared to that of normal mice, respectively. All subpopulation of CD4 and CD8+ T cell significantly decreased, except CD49b+ T cell subpopulation. But, myeloid cell population ($CD11b^{high}$ and all Gr-1+ subpopulation) of tumor bearing mice significantly increased on day 21. Especially, all subpopulation of CD11b+Gr-1+ cell of tumor bearing mice significantly increased on day 21. Also, Foxp3+$CD25^{high}$ CD4 T cell (regulatory T cells) population significantly increased on day 21. These results suggest that tumor can induce the decline of T lymphocyte and the expansion of myeloid cells and regulatory T cells, and provide the basic information for the study of tumor immunology.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제47권1호
• /
• pp.155-158
• /
• 2023

In the present study, we investigated whether treatment with KRG improve the parameters of immune activity such as the cytotoxicity, populations of CD4⁺ CD8⁺T cell, CD3^-CD172^-CD8⁺ NK cell and CD172⁺ monocyte as well as natural cytotoxicity receptors such as Nkp46, Nkp44, Nkp30. In results, KRG significantly increased these immune activities. These results indicate that KRG has distinct immuneenhancing effects by increasing the roles of T cells and NK cell in porcine.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.37.1-37.16
• /
• 2022

Autoimmune diseases are caused by a dysfunction of the acquired immune system. In a subset of autoimmune diseases, B cells escaping immune tolerance present autoantigen and produce cytokines and/or autoantibodies, resulting in systemic or organ-specific autoimmunity. Therefore, B cell depletion with monoclonal Abs targeting B cell lineage markers is standard care therapy for several B cell-mediated autoimmune disorders. In the last 5 years, genetically-engineered cellular immunotherapies targeting B cells have shown superior efficacy and long-term remission of B cell malignancies compared to historical clinical outcomes using B cell depletion with monoclonal Ab therapies. This has raised interest in understanding whether similar durable remission could be achieved with use of genetically-engineered cell therapies for autoimmunity. This review will focus on current human clinical trials using engineered cell therapies for B cell-associated autoimmune diseases.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.211-222
• /
• 2022

After more than two years of efforts to end the corona pandemic, a gradual recovery is starting in countries with high vaccination rates. Easing public health policies for a full-fledged post-corona era, such as lifting the mandatory use of outdoor mask and quarantine measures in entry have been considered in Korea. However, the continuous emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 and limitations in vaccine efficacy still remain challenging. Fortunately, T cells and memory T cells, which are key components of adaptive immunity appear to contribute substantially in COVID-19 control. SARS-CoV-2 specific CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T cells are induced by natural infection or vaccination, and rapid induction and activation of T cells is mainly associated with viral clearance and attenuated clinical severity. In addition, T cell responses induced by recognition of a wide range of epitopes were minimally affected and conserved against the highly infectious subsets of omicron variants. Polyfunctional SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell memory including stem cell-like memory T cells were also developed in COVID-19 convalescent patients, suggesting long lasting protective T cell immunity. Thus, a robust T-cell immune response appears to serve as a reliable and long-term component of host protection in the context of reduced efficacy of humoral immunity and persistent mutations and/or immune escape.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.376-395
• /
• 1996

The neuropeptide substance P(SP) has been recognized to modulate immune systems, with close proximity between peptidergic sensory nerve endings and immune cells. These include the macrophage and neutrophil activation, IL-2 production in T cell, augmentation of Ig synthesis, mast cell degranulation, $PGE_2$ and collagenase secretion in synoviocytes. In this study I examined SP-induced various biological activities such as antimicrobial action, cytokine production, and mast cell degranulation in the presence or absence of other inflammatory cell activators. Antimicrobial studies showed that undifferentiated HL-60 cells were not affected by SP. However, SP significantly enhanced antimicrobial action of TPA-treated or dbcAMP-treated HL-60 cells which had been differentiated into PMN or macrophage/monocyte. I could not find synergistic relationship between SP and LPS in parallel experiments of the above. SP did not induce IL-l production from murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7 whether costimulated with LPS or not. Mast cell degranulation was occured only when stimulated with high dose ($10^{-5}M$) of SP and the degree of this activation was slightly reduced by simultaneous application of $MIP-1{\alpha}$. In addition, CGRP which is known to be a common coexisting neuropeptide with SP within specific fibers did not augment the function of SP on mast cell degranulation. These results suggest that immunoregulatory activities of SP could be mediated through direct upregulation of various functions of immune cells and also upregulation of responsiveness of immune cells to other immune activators.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.356-364
• /
• 2024

림프절은 인체에 침입한 감염원에 대하여 면역반응을 일으키는 곳이다. 림프절은 스트로마세포에 의해 뚜렷하게 구획화되어 있다. 스트로마세포들은 면역세포의 이동, 활성화, 분화를 야기하기 위해 상호작용을 위해 미세환경을 제공한다. FRC는 림프절의 T zone에서 3차원 구조물을 형성하여 면역세포의 통로를 제공한다. FRC는 림프절 구조, 면역세포 리쿠르트, 면역세포와의 상호작용, 항원제시 등을 촉진시키는 역할을 한다. 염증반응 동안, FRC는 면역세포들의 면역반응을 조절하기 위해 국부적이며 분비성 물질을 통해 면역반응을 조절하고 있다. 본문 면역반응 조절을 위해 FRC가 면역반응의 setup, support 그리고 suppress 단계로 3부분에 관여하여 면역반응을 조절하고 있는 것으로 나누어 설명하였다. 전체적으로 FRC는 T 세포생물학적 효율성 증대를 위해 기능을 하는 것으로 보인다. 더불어, FRC는 식작용을 통해 선천성 면역반응에 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 FRC는 림프절에서 면역반응의 immune gate-keepers로써 위치적 역할을 하는 것으로 사료된다. 전체적으로 FRC는 선천성면역과 적응면역의 조절기능에 대한 내용으로 설명하다. 이러한 협력적 피드백 루프는 염증반응 동안 림프절의 기능을 유지하는데 기여를 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제7권10호
• /
• pp.827-836
• /
• 2001

The PID controller has been widely applied to the most control systems because of its simple structure and east designing. One of the important points to design the PID control system is to tune the approximate control parameters for the given target system. To find the PID parameters using Ziegler Nichols(ZN) method needs a lot of experience and experiments to ensure the optimal performance. In this paper, CMIA(Cell Mediated Immune Algorithm) controller is proposed to drive the autonomous guided vehicle (AGV) more effectively. The proposed controller is based on specific immune responses of the biological immune system which is the cell mediated immunity. To verify the performance of the proposed CMIA controller, some experiments for the control of steering and speed of that AGV are performed. The tracking error of the AGV is mainly investigated for this purpose. As a result, the capability of realization and reliableness are proved by comparing the response characteristics of the proposed CMIA controllers with those of the conventional PID and NNPID(Neural Network PID) controller.

• 임상간호연구
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.39-50
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The study was done to examine the development and effects of horticulture therapy on quality of sleep and immune function in patients in hospice units. Methods: The participants in this study were hospice patients in D hospital in D city. Thirty hospice patients were assigned to the experimental group, thirty to the control group. Data were collected from April 29 to July 26, 2009. The horticulture therapy program consisted of indoor and outdoor horticultural activities. The horticulture therapy was conducted for 30 minutes, 6 times a week for 3 weeks (a total 18 times). Measures were quality of sleep, and immune function by serum T-cell, NK-cell count. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test and t-test with SPSS/WIN 13.0 version. Results: Patients in the experimental group receiving horticulture therapy had a significant difference in changes in the quality of sleep compared to the control group. There were also a significant difference in changes in the immune function (serum T cell and serum NK cell) between the experimental group and control group. Conclusion: The study results indicate that horticulture therapy developed for hospice patients is an effective, palliative intervention program to improve the quality of sleep and immune function of hospice patients.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제87권1호
• /
• pp.22-30
• /
• 2024

Tumor immune evasion is a complex process that involves various mechanisms, such as antigen recognition restriction, immune system suppression, and T cell exhaustion. The tumor microenvironment contains various immune cells involved in immune evasion. Recent studies have demonstrated that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induce immune evasion in lung cancer by modulating neutrophils and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Here we describe the origin and function of G-CSF and GM-CSF, particularly their role in immune evasion in lung cancer. In addition, their effects on programmed death-ligand 1 expression and clinical implications are discussed.