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http://dx.doi.org/10.15616/BSL.2022.28.4.211

T Cell Immune Responses against SARS-CoV-2 in the With Corona Era  

Ji-Eun Oh (Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Far East University)
Publication Information
Biomedical Science Letters / v.28, no.4, 2022 , pp. 211-222 More about this Journal
Abstract
After more than two years of efforts to end the corona pandemic, a gradual recovery is starting in countries with high vaccination rates. Easing public health policies for a full-fledged post-corona era, such as lifting the mandatory use of outdoor mask and quarantine measures in entry have been considered in Korea. However, the continuous emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 and limitations in vaccine efficacy still remain challenging. Fortunately, T cells and memory T cells, which are key components of adaptive immunity appear to contribute substantially in COVID-19 control. SARS-CoV-2 specific CD4+/CD8+ T cells are induced by natural infection or vaccination, and rapid induction and activation of T cells is mainly associated with viral clearance and attenuated clinical severity. In addition, T cell responses induced by recognition of a wide range of epitopes were minimally affected and conserved against the highly infectious subsets of omicron variants. Polyfunctional SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell memory including stem cell-like memory T cells were also developed in COVID-19 convalescent patients, suggesting long lasting protective T cell immunity. Thus, a robust T-cell immune response appears to serve as a reliable and long-term component of host protection in the context of reduced efficacy of humoral immunity and persistent mutations and/or immune escape.
Keywords
COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Omicron variants; Vaccines; T cell; Memory T cell; T-cell immune response; Host protection;
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