• 영어영문학
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.1255-1279
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• 2010

Much has already been learned about what goes on in the minds of second language writers as they compose, yet, oddly enough, until recently little in the L2 research literature has addressed writing and mental imagery together. However, images and imaging (visual thinking) play a crucial role in perception (the basis of mental imagery), in turn, affecting language, thinking, and writing. Many theorists of mental imagery also agree that more than just language accounts for how we think and that imagery is at least as crucial as language. All of these demands, to be sure, are compounded for EFL students, which is why I investigate EFL students' writing process, focusing on the use of mental imagery and its relationship to the writing. First I speculate upon some ways that imagery influences EFL students' composing processes and products. Next, I want to explore how and whether the images in a writer's mind can be shaped effectively into a linear piece of written English in one's writing. I studied two university undergraduate EFL students, L and J. They had fairly advanced levels of English proficiency and exhibited high level of writing ability, as measured by TOEFL iBT Test. Each student wrote two comparison and contrast essays: one written under specified time limitations and the other written without the pressure of time. In order to investigate whether the amount of time in itself causes differences within an individual in imagery ability, the students were placed under strict time constraints for Topic 1. But for Topic 2, they were encouraged to take as much time as necessary to complete this essay. Immediately after completing their essays, I conducted face-to-face retrospective interviews with students to prompt them for information about the role of imagery as they write. Both L and J have spent more time on their second (untimed) essays. Without time constraint, they produced longer texts on untimed essay (149 vs. 170; 186 vs 284 words). However, despite a relatively long period of time spent writing an essay, these students neither described their images nor detailed them in their essays. Although their mental imagery generated an explosion of ideas for their writings, most visual thinking must merely be a means toward an end-pictures that writers spent in purchasing the right words or ideas.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.517-525
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• 2010

Purpose : This study aimed to compare the effect of two conditions (visual and kinesthetic) of motor imagery training on static and dynamic balance. Methods : Fifteen patients with post-stroke hemiparesis volunteered to participate in this study. Two motor imagery training conditions, for 10minute trials, employed with audiotape instructions. Measurements were performed at pretest, posttest and 1-hour follow up in both static and dynamic balance. Results : Measures were significantly different both static and dynamic balance tests between treatment conditions (kinesthetic imagery more than visual imagery) at the pretest, post test, and 1-hour follow-up (p<.05). Measures of both static and dynamic balance tests, for both conditions, improved significantly from pretest to posttest (p<.05), and was maintained at 1-hour follow up. Conclusion : This study showed that both imagery training applications were effective treatment strategies for both static and dynamic balance. When comparing the two treatment conditions, kinesthetic motor imagery training was more effective than the visual motor imagery training in static and dynamic balance.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2015

Objective: Balance is a preceding task for functional activities in daily activities as well as community-dwelling activities. To learn skilled and functional activities, it is also necessary to imagine an appropriate and effective movement representation used to plan and execute the functional activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of balance imagery of semi-tandem stance on a flat floor and balance beam on balance abilities for elderly and young adults. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Fifteen elderly and thirty-four young adults were enrolled in this study. In order to determine whether there is a change in postural control ability according to the different imagery training methods used, standing static balance measurements were performed. According to the therapist's instructions, participants were to stand in a semi-tandem position on the Good Balance System for 1 minute while imagining that they were standing on a balance beam, and while the postural control abilities was assessed. Results: Postural control was significantly different in balance ability of semi-tandem stance on a flat floor compared to on a balance beam in both geriatrics and young adults. Postural sway was more significantly decreased in young adults than older adults during balance imagery of semi-tandem stance on a flat floor as well as on balance beam (p<0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the ability to mentally represent their actions was similar in older adults compared to young adults, although older adults showed a drop in efficiency of postural control more than young adults.

• 대한지리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한지리학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.56-56
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• 2004

The ability to detect urban heat islands in satellite imagery is a function of spatial, spectral, and temporal resolutions. Imagery from the satellite-mounted Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) sensor acquired since December 1999 allows us to view the Earth at a higher spectral resolution in the thermal infrared (TIR) portion of the electromagnetic spectrum than most other satellite systems (e.g., AVHRR, Landsat TM). (omitted)

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.181-184
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• 2014

The aim of the present study was to examine whether motor imagery (MI) practice in conjunction with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied to stroke patients could improve theirgait ability. This study was conducted with 29 subjects diagnosed with hemiparesis due to stroke.The experimental group consisted of 15 members who were performed MI practice in conjunction with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, while the control group consisted of 14 members who were performed MI practice and sham therapy. Both groups received traditional physical therapy for 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week, for 6 weeks; additionally, they received mental practice for 15 minutes. The experimental group was instructed to perform rTMS and the control group was instructed to apply sham stimulation for 15 minutes. Gait analysis was performed using a three-dimensional motion capture system, which is a real-time tracking device that delivers data via infrared reflective markers using six cameras. Results showed that the velocity, step length, and cadence of both groups were significantly improved after the practice (p<0.05). Significant differences were found between the groups in velocity and cadence (p<0.05) as well as with respect to the change rate (p<0.05) after practice. The results showed that MI practice in conjunction with rTMS is more effective in improving gait ability than MI practice alone.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2008년도 International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.66-67
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• 2008

Most mineral resources are located in subsurface but mineral exploration starts with a step of investigation in wide-area to find evidence of buried ores. Conventional technique for exploration on wide-area as a preliminary survey is an observation using naked eyes by geologist or chemical analysis using lots of samples obtained from target area. Hyperspectral remote sensing can overcome those subjective and time consuming survey and can produce mineral resources distribution map. Precise resource map requires information of mineral distribution in a subpixellevel because mineral is distributed as rock components or narrow veins. But most hyperspectral data is composed of pixels of several meters or more than ten meters scale. We reviewed subpixel unmixing algorithms which have been used for geological field and tested detection ability with Hyperion imagery, geological map and seven spectral curves of mineral and rock specimens which were obtained from study areas.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.199-209
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• 2007

Traditionally, aerial images have been used as main sources for compiling topographic maps. In recent years, lidar data has been exploited as another type of mapping data. Regarding their performances, aerial imagery has the ability to delineate object boundaries but omits much of these boundaries during feature extraction. Lidar provides direct information about heights of object surfaces but have limitations with respect to boundary localization. Considering the characteristics of the sensors, this paper proposes an approach to extracting buildings from lidar and aerial imagery, which is based on the complementary characteristics of optical and range sensors. For detecting building regions, relationships among elevation contours are represented into directional graphs and searched for the contours corresponding to external boundaries of buildings. For generating building models, a wing model is proposed to assemble roof surface patches into a complete building model. Then, building models are projected and checked with features in aerial images. Experimental results show that the proposed approach provides an efficient and accurate way to extract building models.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.747-752
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• 2011

HMMs (Hidden Markov Models) are widely used for biological signal, such as EEG (electroencephalogram) sequence, analysis because of their ability to incorporate sequential information in their structure. A recent trends of research are going after the biological interpretable HMMs, and we need to control the complexity of the HMM so that it has good generalization performance. So, an automatic means of optimizing the structure of HMMs would be highly desirable. In this paper, we described a procedure of classification of motor imagery EEG signals using HMM. The motor imagery related EEG signals recorded from subjects performing left, right hand and foots motor imagery. And the proposed a method that was focus on the validation of the HSA (Harmony Search Algorithm) based optimization for HMM. Harmony search algorithm is sufficiently adaptable to allow incorporation of other techniques. A HMM training strategy using HSA is proposed, and it is tested on finding optimized structure for the pattern recognition of EEG sequence. The proposed HSA-HMM can performs global searching without initial parameter setting, local optima, and solution divergence.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.3-11
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• 2006

최근 고해상도 위성영상이 다양한 분야에서 활발하게 이용하게 됨에 따라 지형자료의 정확한 경계검출에 대한 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 위성영상을 이용한 도로 경계 검출은 교통정보시스템을 포함한 도로계획, 도시계획 등의 지형 공간정보의 필수 연구로 인식되고 있다. 본 연구는 IKONOS 영상에서 도로 경계 검출을 위한 고주파와 저주파 필터링 비교분석에 관한 연구이다. 분석결과 저주파 필터링과 고주파 필터링은 입력영상의 경계부분에서 영상을 선택적으로 강조할 수 있었다. 저주파 필터링과 같은 영상강화 기법에서는 추출 가능한 경계부의 위치를 변화시키거나 영상의 화소값이 전체영상을 대상으로 변화시켜 비교적 도로 폭이 넓은 경우 효과적이었다. 고주파 필터링은 세부적인 영상정보를 선택적으로 강조할 수 있었다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.151-158
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• 1992

항공사진보다 경제적인 SPOT 위성의 입체영상으로부터 지형도를 제작하는 것이 가능하게 되었다. 많은 학자들이 국가기본도 수정에의 적용가능성과 결과의 정확도를 분석하여 SPOT 영상은 1/50,000에서 1/100,000까지의 지형도에 적합하다고 발표하였다. SPOT 영상으로부터 지형도, 정사사진 및 수치지형모델을 제작하기 위해서는 정확한 외부표정요소를 알아야 하지만, 동적인 선형주사 영상인 SPOT 영상의 특성 때문에 사진측량에서 이용되어온 종래의 번들조정은 직접 사용되지 못한다. 신뢰성은 내적신뢰성으로 불리는 과대오차의 검출능력과 외적신뢰성으로 불리는 검출되지 않은 과대오차가 외부표정 결과에 미치는 영향을 나타낸다. 본 연구에서는 좌표계, 궤도방향 좌표의 표현방법, 외부표정 요소의 차수 및 기준점 배치에 따라 SPOT 영상의 신뢰성이 어떻게 달라지는가를 밝히고, SPOT 영상을 이용한 작업에서의 기초자료로 제공될 수 있는 외부표정에서의 이론적인 신뢰성을 분석하였다.