• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2006년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.1726-1731
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 임하다목적댐의 비상여수로 설계를 위하여 수리모형실험과 수치모형실험을 수행하였다. 수치모의에는 3차원 수치모형인 FLOW-3D를 사용하였다. 비상여수로 설계를 위하여 접근수로부, 월류웨어부, 천이부 및 도류부, 그리고 감세부로 나누어 수리모형실험과 수치모형실험의 수리현상 결과를 비교하였다. 최적의 비상여수로 설계를 위하여 기본계획안에 대하여 모의하고 이에 대한 보완점과 문제점들을 찾아내고 해결책을 제시하였다. 수치모의를 통하여 수리모형실험에서 쉽게 수행하기 어려운 다양한 조건을 모의하고 최적의 결과에 찾아 이를 수리모형실험으로 검증함으로써 비상여수로 기본설계안을 도출하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제7호
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• pp.21-30
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• 1996

When one speaks of space in architecture, one immediately thinks of an entity that is an enclosed space. For most people , space is therefore equated with interior space. And in most discussions of architectural space the character of the outside and that of the inside have been strictly differentiated. But architectural space must be construed as a total , integral space. In this way , architectural space can articulate naturality. For example, by reasserting the eloquence of architecture and by graphically characterizing the different parts of the building. Ungers has moved far away from the traditional ideas of a modern movement that preached the homogeneity of all parts. so promoting uniformity and an expressionless monotony. From this perspective comes the purpose of this study which is to present :1. the character and meaning of the boundary that differentiates the outside from the inside of the architecture. 2. the types of the organization of the interior-space and the differences between those types. 3. the new concept of the interior -space through the analysis of the concept "Haus im Haus" that over-comes the polarity of the outside and the inside of ar-chitecture. This result comes from the idea that harmony is a-chieved not by resolving this polarity into one or the other extreme, but by allowing coexistence of both as-pects.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2004

인스턴트 메시징(Instant Messaging:IM) 서비스는 인터넷상에서 사용자들 간에 간단한 메시지를 주고 받을 수 있는 유용한 통신 수단의 하나이다. 통상적으로 인스턴트 메시징 서비스는 Presence 서비스를 통하여 상호간에 온라인 상태를 제공받아 메시지를 직접 송수신하는 방식을 사용하는데 이는 사용자가 오프라인 상태일 경우에는 메시지의 송수신이 불가능함을 의미한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 SIP(Session Initiation Protocol) 기반의 인스턴트 메시징 시스템을 구현함에 있어 메시지 서버를 이용하여 메시지를 보관 및 관리함으로써 상대방의 상태에 무관하게 메시지를 전송할 수 있도록 보완하였다. 또한 In working group에서 제안하고 있는 message waiting indication event package를 메시지 서버에 포함시켜 메시지의 정보 및 상태들을 제공받을 수 있도록 하였으며 사용자들이 메시지 서버의 사용을 명시할 수 있는 Caller Preference 기능을 시스템에 포함시켰다.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.913-919
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• 2014

We investigate the relationships between the space X and the hyperspaces concerning admissibility and connectedness im kleinen. The following results are obtained: Let X be a Hausdorff continuum, and let A, $B{\in}C(X)$ with $A{\subset}B$. (1) If X is c.i.k. at A, then X is c.i.k. at B if and only if B is admissible. (2) If A is admissible and C(X) is c.i.k. at A, then for each open set U containing A there is a continuum K and a neighborhood V of A such that $V{\subset}IntK{\subset}K{\subset}U$. (3) If for each open subset U of X containing A, there is a continuum B in C(X) such that $A{\subset}B{\subset}U$ and X is c.i.k. at B, then X is c.i.k. at A. (4) If X is not c.i.k. at a point x of X, then there is an open set U containing x and there is a sequence $\{S_i\}^{\infty}_{i=1}$ of components of $\bar{U}$ such that $S_i{\longrightarrow}S$ where S is a nondegenerate continuum containing the point x and $S_i{\cap}S={\emptyset}$ for each i = 1, 2, ${\cdots}$.

• 대한음성언어의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성언어의학회 2003년도 제19회 학술대회
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• pp.170-173
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• 2003

There are more than five systems for transcribing English vowels. Because of this diversity, teachers of English and students are confronted with not a little problems with the English vowel symbols used in the English-Korean dictionaries, English text books, books for Phonetics and Phonology. This study was designed to suggest criterions for the phonemic transcription of English vowels on the basis of phonetic properties of the vowels and a system of English vowel transcription based on the criterions in order to minimize the problems with inter-system differences. A speaker (phonetician) of RP English uttered a series of isolated minimal pairs containing the vowels in question. The suggested vowel symbols are as follows: 1) Simple vowels : /i:/ in beat, /I/ bit, /$\varepsilon$/ bet,/${\ae}$/ bat, /a:/ father, /Dlla/ bod, /$\jmath$:/ bawd, /u/ put, /u:/ boot /$\Lambda$/ but, and /$\partial$/ about /$\Im$:ll$\Im$:r/ bird. 2) Diphthongs : /aI/ in bite, /au/ bout, /$\jmath$I/ boy, /$\Im$ullou/ boat, /er/ bait, /e$\partial$lle$\partial$r/ air, /u$\partial$llu$\partial$r/ poor, /i$\partial$lli$\partial$r/ beer. Where two symbols are shown corresponding to the vowel in a single word, the first is appropriate for most speakers of British English and the second for most speakers of American English.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.262-272
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• 2019

Purpose: We aimed to identify factors influencing physical activity in adolescents with complex congenital heart disease. Methods: We recruited 92 adolescents with complex congenital heart disease from a tertiary medical center in Seoul, measured their levels of physical activity, and identified factors that influenced their physical activity levels using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, the New York Heart Association classification, congenital heart disease complexity, the Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Parental Bonding Instrument scale. Stepwise multiple linear regression was used to determine factors influencing physical activity. Results: Total physical activity was higher in males than in females (t=4.46, p<.001). Adolescents who participated in school physical education classes engaged in more physical activity than those who did not (t=6.77, p<.001). Higher self-efficacy (${\beta}=.41$, p<.001), male gender (${\beta}=.37$, p<.001) and participation in school physical education classes (${\beta}=.19$, p=.042) were associated with a higher likelihood of engagement in physical activity. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop nursing interventions that enhance self-efficacy in order to promote physical activity in adolescents with complex congenital heart disease. Physical activity should also be promoted in an individualized manner, taking into account gender, disease severity, and parental attitude.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.2124-2130
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• 2014

RTCM에서 정의하고 있는DGPS 기준국 시스템 표준은 현재 1.2 버전으로, 이 표준은 현재 미국의 GPS 만을 지원하고 있다. 그러나 지금 서비스되고 있는 GNSS 위성은 GPS 외에도 유럽의 GALILEO, 러시아의 GLONASS, 일본의 QZSS, 중국의 BeiDou등 다수가 존재하고 있어 기존의 표준으로는 이들을 지원할 수 없다. RTCM에서는 이에 맞춰 이들 GNSS 위성에 대한 보정정보 서비스를 제공할 수 있도록 새로운 표준인 RTCM RSIM 1.3 버전을 새로이 제정하고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 RTCM에서 제정중인 RSIM 1.3 버전을 분석하고 이 버전을 지원할 수 있는 소프트웨어 기반의 DGNSS 기준국 아키텍처를 설계하였다.

• 태양에너지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.39-45
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• 1988

Photo-decomposition experiments to produce hydrogen from organic compound such as alcohols and organic acids were investigated using the Korean natural ilmenite, which was used as ore itself as well as the calcined in vacuum. The decomposition activities of alcohol on ore (30-60 mesh) which was not calcined did not decrease even if it was repeatedly used. But crushed ore which had newly formed ilmenite surface revealed enhanced activities. The ilmenite powder calcined in vacuum showed 3-8 times higher activies than the ore powder itself and also the decomposition activity of formic acid was much higher than that of alcohols.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2016

Purpose - During the last two years, convenient stores (CS) are emerging as one of the most fast-growing retail trades in Korea. The goal of this work is to forecast and to analyze sales at CS using ARIMA-Intervention model (IM) and exponential smoothing method (ESM), together with sales at supermarkets in South Korea. Considering that two retail trades above are homogeneous and comparable in size and purchasing items on off-line distribution channel, individual behavior and characteristic can be detected and also relative superiority of future growth can be forecasted. In particular, the rapid growth of sales at CS is regarded as an everlasting external event, or step intervention, so that IM with season variation can be examined. At the same time, Winters ESM can be investigated as an alternative to seasonal ARIMA-IM, on the assumption that the underlying series shows exponentially decreasing weights over time. In case of sales at supermarkets, the marked intervention could not be found over the underlying periods, so that only Winters ESM is considered. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - The dataset of this research is obtained from Korean Statistical Information Service (1/2010~7/2016) and Survey of Service Trend of Korea Statistics Administration. This work is exploited time series analyses such as IM, ESM and model-fitting statistics by using TSPLOT, TSMODEL, EXSMOOTH, ARIMA and MODELFIT procedures in SPSS 23.0. Results - By applying seasonal ARIMA-Intervention model to sales at CS, the steep and persisting increase can be expected over the next one year. On the other hand, we expect the rate of sales growth of supermarkets to be lagging and tied up constantly in the next 2016 year. Conclusions - Based on 2017 one-year sales forecasts for CS and supermarkets, we can yield the useful information for the development of CS and also for all retail trades. Future study is needed to analyze sales of popular items individually such as tobacco, banana milk, soju and so on and to get segmented results. Furthermore, we can expand sales forecasts to other retail trades such as department stores, hypermarkets, non-store retailing, so that comprehensive diagnostics can be delivered in the future.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.235-244
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• 2017

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains producing each F4, F5, F6 and F41 fimbriae were lysed by GI24 peptide. The lysate cells were used as ETEC vaccine candidate. This study was carried out to examine whether intramuscular (im) immunization of pregnant sows with the novel vaccine candidate could effectively protect their neonatal piglets against ETEC colibacillosis. All pregnant sows were primed at 11 weeks and were boosted at 14 weeks of pregnancy. Group A sows were im inoculated with PBS. Group B sows were im immunized with $2{\times}10^9$ the mixture. Seral IgG, colostral IgA and IgG titers from group B sows, and seral IgG and IgA levels in group B piglets were significantly higher than those of group A sows and piglets, respectively. After challenge with wild-type ETEC, diarrhea and mortality was not observed in group B piglets. However, diarrhea was observed in 66.7% of group A piglets, and 33.3% mortality was observed. These findings indicate that im immunization of sows with the mixture of the novel vaccine candidate can effectively protect their offspring from ETEC colibacillosis.