• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.321-330
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• 2013

Voice Handicap Index and Voice-Related Quality of Life in Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease 10.7231/jon.2013.24.2.155, The Differences of Learning Characteristics in Sasang Constitution 10.7231/jon.2013.24.2.163, A Preliminary Comparison of the Efficacy of Auricular Acupuncture, Transdermal Nicotine Patch and Combination Therapy for Smoking Cessation 10.7231/jon.2013.24.2.179, The Effects of OnDam-tang-Kami-bang (ODK) in Antioxidant and Serotonin Metabolism Testing on P815 Cell 10.7231/jon.2013.24.2.189

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한핵의학회 1996년도 제35차 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.194-194
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• 1996

• 한국자연치유학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2020

목적 : 특발성파킨슨병(PD)은 운동증상(떨림, 운동 완서, 경직)과 비운동증상(통찰력과 인지 장애, 기분의 불편함, 우울증, 불안증, 후각 기능장애)이 있다. 이 연구는 호흡, 명상 및 기공 치유로 PD 비운동증상의 개선 효과를 탐색하는 것이 목적이다. 방법 : PD가 있는 대상자(11명)에게 An's-4444힐링호흡, An's관정힐링명상, An's힐링기공치유의 3단계를 1회에 80분 동안 12회 수행하고 치유 전후, 1개월 경과 후 3회 측정하여 측정치를 비교 평가하였다. 결과 : 12회 치유 후 통찰력과 인지장애에 대한 통합 파킨슨병 등급척도(UPDRSI) 수치는 69%, 우울증척도(HAMD)는 61%, 불안증(HAMA)은 64%, 후각 기능장애 냄새식별 테스트(TSI)는 82%로 각각 개선되었다. 치유 1개월 경과 후의 수치는 4개 척도 모두 차이가 없었다. 이는 치유 후 1개월 경과 후까지 효과가 유지됨을 의미한다. 결론 : An's 호흡, 명상 및 기공요법으로 PD비운동증상이 유의성 있게 개선되었다. 특히 후각기능장애 개선으로, 향기를 맡게 되어 삶의 만족도가 향상되었다. 결과는 호흡, 명상 및 기공요법이 PD의 비운동성 증상을 개선 및 치유하는 자연요법으로 가치가 있다고 판단하며, 의생명과학적 추가 연구가 필요하다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.137-144
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• 2005

본 저자는 2004년 3월 9일부터 2004년 5월15일까지 경희의료원 침구과 외래를 내원한 특발성 파킨슨병 환자를 대상으로 하여 파킨슨병 증상의 호전도를 판단하는 임상척도인 H-Y stage에 따른 HRV를 관찰한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 시간영역분석에서 H-Y stage I, II, III 그룹의 SDNN은 $28.21{\pm}10.10$, $22.25{\pm}11.26$, $14.57{\pm}5.31$으로 그룹 I과 그룹III 간에는 유의한 차이가 있었다(P<0.05). RMS-SD는 $19.23{\pm}13.27$, $14.63{\pm}6.44$, $6.44{\pm}2.32$ 으로 역시 그룹 I과 그룹III 간에는 유의한 차이가 있었 다(p<0.05). 2. 주파수영역분석에서 TP는 H-Y stage Ⅰ, II, III 그룹에서 각각 $499.86{\pm}345.45$, $243.72{\pm}212.22$, $99.44{\pm}51.01$로 ANOYA 검정결과 p-value가 0.007로 매우 유의 있었으며, 사후 검정에서는 그룹 I과 II, 그룹 II와 III에서는 유의한 차이가 없었으나 그룹 I과 III에서는 매우 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). LF는 H-Y stage I과 III 그룹에서 유의한 차이가 있었으나(p<0.05) VLF, HF, LF norm HF nonm LF norm, LF/HF ratio에서는 각 그룹 간 유의한 차이가 없었다. 3. SDNN, RMS-SD, TP가 UPDRS 총점이 증가함에 따라 유의성 있게 감소하는 경향 (p<0.05)을 보이는 것으로 보아 파킨슨병이 진행함에 따라 자율신경계의 활동성이 저하될 것으로 보인다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.674-677
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze bradykinesia of forearm movement in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) as compared to those of normal subjects. A gyrosensor was selected for the measurement of forearm movement, because it can provide angular velocity signal which is free from the gravitational artifact and also because it can be conveniently used during clinical test of bradykinesia. Forty PD patients (age: $65.7\pm11.1$ yrs, H&Y stage:$2.3\pm0.5$), 14 age-matched elderly subjects ($65\pm3.9$ yrs) and 17 healthy young subjects ($24\pm2.1$ yrs) participated in this study. Angular velocity during forearm movement of pronation/supination was measured in both arms. Suggested quantitative measures of bradykinesia were root-mean-squared (RMS) angular velocity, RMS angle, peak power and total power which were derived from the angular velocity. ANOVA showed that all measures were significantly different among three groups (p<0.001). Subsequent post-hoc test revealed that all measures in PD patients were significantly smaller than in healthy elderly and healthy young subjects (p<0.05). This results suggest that PD patients can be differentiated from normal subjects using suggested measures.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.240-244
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to compare finger tapping (FT) movement of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) with normal subjects. A gyrosensor system was used for the measurement of FT movement, because it provides angular velocity free from the gravitational artifact and it can be used during clinical FT test listed in unified PD rating scale (UPDRS). Forty PD patients (age: 65.7 ${\pm}$ 11.1 yrs, H&Y stage:2.3 ${\pm}$ 0.5), 14 age-matched elderly subjects (65${\pm}$3.9 yrs) and 17 healthy young subjects (24${\pm}$2.1yrs) participated in this study. Angular velocity of finger tapping movement was measured in both right and left index finger. As quantitative measures, root-mean-squared (RMS) angular velocity, RMS angle, peak power and total power were used. ANOVA showed that all measures were significantly different among three groups (p<0.001) in all quantitative measures. Post-hoc test revealed that all quantitative measures except peak power in patients with PD were significantly smaller than in both healthy elderly and young subjects (p<0.01). This suggests that the measures developed in this study can distinguish patients with PD from normal subjects.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of auditory cues in the form of a metronome on gait initiation (GI) in Parkinson's disease (PD). 2 patients (mean age: 54 yrs) with idiopathic PD participated in the study. All patients (Hoehn and Yahr disability score of 2.0) were tested in the "on" state approximately 1.5 hours following the administration and fully responding to their PD medications. Subjects first initiated walking at self-initiated speeds to determine their cadences. Then, subjects were asked to initiate gait along the walkway while keeping pace with a metronome. The metronome rate (in beats/min) was set at a cadence 85% (slow condition), 100% (normal condition) and 115% (fast condition) of gait for each subject. Subjects were able to increase the speed of GI with faster cadence, but the speed of GI for the slow condition was similar to that of the normal condition. Swing toe-off was 578.3 ms for the fast condition, 709.4 ms for the normal condition and 736.2 ms for the slow condition. Respective times for swing heel-strike were 894.3 ms, 1110.2 ms and 1119.1 ms, and stance toe-off were 1105.4 ms, 1338.5 ms, and 1343.1 ms. Except for stance unloading ground reaction forces were greatest for the fast condition and smallest for the slow condition. It appears that PD patients were able to modulate GRFs and temporal events in response to auditory cues to achieve the peak acceleration force of the swing and stance limb. The findings from this study provided preliminary data, which could be used to investigate how PD patients modulate GRFs and temporal events during GI in response to tasks.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권11호
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• pp.2114-2118
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze bradykinesia of toe tapping movement in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) as compared to those of normal subjects. 39 PD patients (age: $65.5{\pm}11.2$ yrs, H&Y stage:$2.3{\pm}0.5$), 14 eldelry subjects with comparable mean age ($65.0{\pm}3.9$ yrs) and 17 healthy young subjects ($24.1{\pm}2.1$ yrs) participated in this study. Angular velocity during repetitive toe tapping movement was measured in both feet using a gyro sensor system. Suggested quantitative measures of bradykinesia were root-mean-squared (RMS) angular velocity, RMS angle, peak power and total power which were derived from the angular velocity signal. ANOVA showed that all measures were significantly different among three groups (p<0.001). Subsequent post-hoc test revealed that all measures in PD patients were significantly smaller than in healthy elderly and healthy young subjects (p<0.02). All measures were significantly correlated with UPDRS scores(r=-0.689~-0.825). These results suggest that the developed system can be used as quantitative measures of the lower limb bradykinesia in PD patients.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.690-697
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• 2023

Objective: ¹⁸F-FP-CIT positron emission tomography (PET) is known for its high sensitivity and specificity for evaluating striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) binding. Recently, for the early diagnose of Parkinson's disease, many researchers focused on the diagnosis of synucleinopathy in organs involved in non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. We investigated the feasibility of salivary gland uptake on ¹⁸F-FP-CIT PET as a new biomarker in patients with parkinsonism. Materials and Methods: A total of 219 participants with confirmed or presumed parkinsonism, including 54 clinically diagnosed idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD), 59 suspected and yet undiagnosed, and 106 with secondary parkinsonism, were enrolled. The standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) of the salivary glands was measured on both early and delayed ¹⁸F-FP-CIT PET scans using the cerebellum as the reference region. Additionally, the delayed-to-early ratio (DE_ratio) of salivary gland was obtained. The results were compared between patients with different PET patterns. Results: The SUVR in early ¹⁸F-FP-CIT PET scan was significantly higher in patients with IPD pattern compared that in the non-dopaminergic degradation group (0.5 ± 0.19 vs. 0.6 ± 0.21, P < 0.001). Compared with the non-dopaminergic degradation group, the DE_ratio was significantly lower in patients with IPD (5.05 ± 1.7 vs. 4.0 ± 1.31, P < 0.001) or atypical parkinsonism patterns (5.05 ± 1.7 vs. 3.76 ± 0.96, P < 0.05). The DE_ratio was moderately and positively correlated with striatal DAT availability in both the whole striatum (r = 0.37, P < 0.001) and posterior putamen (r = 0.36, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Parkinsonism patients with an IPD pattern exhibited a significant increase in uptake on early ¹⁸F-FP-CIT PET and a decrease in the DE_ratio in the salivary gland. Our findings suggest that salivary gland uptake of dual-phase ¹⁸F-FP-CIT PET can provide diagnostic information on DAT availability in patients with Parkinson's disease.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.114-120
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• 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: A pivotal role of oxidative stress has been emphasized in the pathogenesis as well as in the disease progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). We aimed at investigating serum levels of antioxidant vitamins and elucidating whether they could be associated with the pathogenesis and progression of PD. MATERIALS/METHODS: Serum levels of retinol, ${\alpha}$- and ${\gamma}$-tocopherols, ${\alpha}$- and ${\beta}$-carotenes, lutein, lycopene, zeaxanthin and ${\beta}$-cryptoxanthin were measured and compared between 104 patients with idiopathic PD and 52 healthy controls matched for age and gender. In order to examine the relationship between antioxidant vitamins and the disease progression, multiple group comparisons were performed among the early PD (Hoehn and Yahr stage I and II, N = 47), advanced PD (stage III and IV, N = 57) and control groups. Separate correlation analyses were performed between the measured antioxidant vitamins and clinical variables, such as Hoehn and Yahr stage and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor score. RESULTS: Compared to controls, PD patients had lower levels of ${\alpha}$- and ${\beta}$-carotenes and lycopene. ${\alpha}$-carotene, ${\beta}$-carotene and lycopene levels were significantly reduced in advanced PD patients relative to early PD patients and were negatively correlated with Hoehn and Yahr stage and UPDRS motor score in PD patients. No significant differences were found in serum levels of retinol, ${\alpha}$- and ${\gamma}$-tocopherols, and other carotenoids between PD patients and controls. No significant correlations were found between these vitamin levels and clinical variables in PD patients. CONCLUSTIONS: We found that serum levels of some carotenoids, ${\alpha}$-carotene, ${\beta}$-carotene and lycopene, were lower in PD patients, and that these carotenoids inversely correlated with clinical variables representing disease progression. Our findings suggest that decreases in serum ${\alpha}$-carotene, ${\beta}$-carotene and lycopene may be associated with the pathogenesis as well as progression of PD.