• 제목/요약/키워드: iNOS

검색결과 1,778건 처리시간 0.033초

백굴채(白屈菜)의 물추출물이 lipopolysaccharide로 유도된 Nitric Oxide의 생성 및 iNOS와 COX-2의 발현에 미치는 영향 (Inhibitory effect of Chelidonii Herba water extract on production of Nitric Oxide, Expression of iNOS and COX-2 in lipopolysaccharide-activated Raw 264.7 cells)

  • 조용걸;김영우;변성희;김상찬
    • 대한한의학방제학회지
    • /
    • 제12권2호
    • /
    • pp.163-173
    • /
    • 2004
  • Chelidonii Herba (CHE, Baek-gul-chae in Korean), which has its original description in Gu-Hwang-Bon-Cho, a classic book of oriental Herbal book, is widely used in the treatment of stomach cancer, jaundice, gasrtic ulcer, edema and stomach pain, in Korea, Japan and China. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of CHE on the nitric oxide (NO) production, iNOS and COX-2 expression in lipopolysaccharide - activated Raw 264.7 cells. After the treatment of CHE, NO production was monitored by measuring the nitrite content in culture medium, cell viability was measured by MIT assay. COX-2 and iNOS were determined by lmmunoblot analysis. The production of nitric oxide was significantly inhibited by pretreatment (1h) with CHE (0.1-0.3 mg/ml) on LPS-activated Raw264.7 cells. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) protein were up-regulated by LPS, but the increased levels of iNOS and COX-2 were inhibited by pretreatment of CHE (0.1-0.3 mg/ml), respectively. Thus, the present data suggest that CHE may play an important role in adjunctive therapy in Gram-negative bacterial infections.

  • PDF

Nitric Oxide에 의해 유발된 C6 glial 세포독성(細胞毒性)에 대한 사물탕(四物湯)의 방어효과(防禦效果) (Effects of Samul-tang on Nitric Oxide Induced-cytotoxicity in C6 Glial Cell)

  • 김도환;김승모;조한국;차용석;허윤;조광호;문병순
    • 대한한방내과학회지
    • /
    • 제21권4호
    • /
    • pp.535-542
    • /
    • 2000
  • The water extracts of Samul-tang(SMT) has been used for treatment of ischemic brain damage in Oriental traditional medicine. However, little is known about the mechanism by which the water extracts of SMT rescues brain cells from ischemic damages. To elucidate the protective mechanism on ischemic induced cytotoxicity, I investigate the regulation of LPS and PMA induced iNOS expression in C6 glial cells. LPS and PMA treatment for 72 h in C6 glial cells markedly induce nitric oxide(NO), but treatment of the cells with the water extracts of SMT decrease. dose dependently nitrite formation. In addition, LPS and PMA treatment for 72 h induce severe cell death and LDH release in C6 glial cells. However treatment of the cells with the water extracts of SMT dose not induce significant changes compare to control cells. Furthermore, the protective effects of the water extracts of SMT is mimicked by treatment of $N^{G}MMA$, a specific inhibitor of NOS. LPS and PMA induced iNOS activation in C6 glial cells cause chromosomal condensation and fragmentation of nuclei by caspase activation. The treatment of the cells with the water extracts of SMT may suppress apoptosis via caspase inhibition by regulation of iNOS expression. Taken together, I suggest that the protective effects of the water extracts of SMT against ischemic brain damages may be mediated by regulation of iNOS during ischemic condition.

  • PDF

고량강으로부터 분리된 galangin의 RAW 264.7 세포주에서 LPS로 유도된 nitric oxide 생성 저해활성 (Inhibitory Effect of Galangin from Alpinia officinarum on Lipopolysaccharide-induced Nitric Oxide Synthesis in RAW 264.7 macrophages)

  • 이화진
    • 한국식품과학회지
    • /
    • 제46권4호
    • /
    • pp.511-515
    • /
    • 2014
  • 각종 염증성 질환 및 패혈증으로 인한 치명적인 저혈압을 예방치료하는 약물 개발을 위한 기초 연구로서 유도성 NOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS) 에 의한 NO의 과다 생성을 저해하는 성분을 천연물로부터 찾아내고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. NO 생성 저해활성의 검정은 대식세포주인 RAW 264.7 세포를 LPS로 활성화한 후, 유도되는 iNOS에 의해 생성되는 NO를 Griess 시약을 이용해 $NO_2{^-}$의 형태로 정량하였다. 또한 Western blot 실험 및 RT-PCR 실험을 시행하여 iNOS의 mRNA의 발현 및 단백 합성에 대한 영향을 조사하였다. 고량강(Alpinia officinarum Hance, Zingiberaceae)의 메탄올 추출물로부터 극성에 따른 용매 분획을 시행하여 활성성분을 분리하고 분광학적 분석법을 이용하여 분리한 단일성분이 flavonol 구조인 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one (galangin, GLG)임을 확인하였다. 작용기전을 알아보기 위해, Western blot 및 RT-PCR 실험결과, 분리한 flavonol 성분(GLG)의 NO 생성저해 활성은 iNOS mRNA발현을 저해하여 iNOS 효소 단백질의 생성이 억제됨에 기인하는 것으로 확인하였다. 따라서, 고량강 추출물로부터 분리한 flavonol 화합물(GLG)이 iNOS 발현의 억제를 통해 다량의 NO 생산을 저해함으로써, 고량강(Alpinia officinarum)의 NO 과량생성과 관련된 염증성 질환에 대한 응용 가능성이 클 것으로 기대된다.

Inhibitors of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression from Artemisia iwayomogi

  • Ahn, Hanna;Kim, Ji-Yeon;Lee, Hwa-Jin;Kim, Yong-Kyun;Ryu, Jae-Ha
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
    • /
    • 제26권4호
    • /
    • pp.301-305
    • /
    • 2003
  • Nitric oxide (NO) is an important bioactive agent that mediates a wide variety of physiological and pathophysiological events. NO overproduction by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) results in severe hypotension and inflammation. This investigation is part of a study to discover new iNOS inhibitors from medicinal plants using a macrophage cell culture system. Two sesquiterpenes (1 and 2) were isolated from Artemisia iwayomogi (Compositae) and were found to inhibit NO synthesis ($IC_{50} 3.64 \mu g/mL and 2.81 \mu$g/mL, respectively) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 cells. Their structures were identified as 3-Ο-methyl-iso-secotanapartholide (1) and iso-secotanapartholide (2). Compounds 1 and 2 inhibited the LPS-induced expression of the iNOS enzyme in the RAW 264.7 cells. The inhibition of NO production via the down regulation of iNOS expression may substantially modulate the inflammatory responses.

Wogonin, a flavone from Scutellaria radix, inhibits nitric oxide production from RAW 264.7 cells

  • Kim, Hee-Kee;Cheun, Bong-Sun;Kim, Young-Ha;Kim, Sung-Yong;Kim, Hyun-Pyo
    • 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국응용약물학회 1998년도 Proceedings of UNESCO-internetwork Cooperative Regional Seminar and Workshop on Bioassay Guided Isolation of Bioactive Substances from Natural Products and Microbial Products
    • /
    • pp.196-196
    • /
    • 1998
  • Nitric oxide is involved in various physiological processes. Among isoforms of nitric oxide synthase, iNOS is partly responsible for inflammation and septic shock. During our continual search for anti-inflammatory flavonoids, we have found that flavonoids, especially flavones, possessed the inihibitory activity of NO production by iNOS from LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cell. In this study, flavonoids from Scutellaria radix were investigated for their inhibitory activity of nitric oxide production. It was found that wogonin, among tested flavonoids including baicalein, oroxylin A, skullcapflavone II, showed the strongest inhibition of nitric oxide production (IC$\sub$50/ = 17 uM). And this inhibition was, at least partly, due to down-regulation of iNOS enzyme induction, not due to direct inhibition of iNOS enzyme activity.

  • PDF

Neuroprotective effects of Hexane fraction of M61 on Delayed Neuronal Death after Transient global Ischemia in Gerbil Hippocampus

  • Kim, Haw-jung;Kang, Hoon-Je;Mar, Woong-Chon
    • 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
    • /
    • pp.205.1-205.1
    • /
    • 2003
  • Several lines of recent evidences have shown that several pro-inflammatory genes or mediators, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)are strongly expressed in the ischemic brain. Inflammation is now recognized as a significant contributing mechanism in cerebral ischemia because anti-inflammatory compounds or inhibitors of iNOS have been proven to reduce ischemic brain damage. In iNOS assay, hexane fraction of M61 inhibited NO (iNOS IC50, 0.7${\mu}$g/ml). In vivo study was carried out to evaluate neuroprotective effect of hexane fraction of M61 after transient global ischemia using Mongolian gerbil ischemia model. (omitted)

  • PDF

산약에서 분리한 β-sitosterol과 daucosterol의 RAW 264.7 세포와 TK-1 세포에서의 면역 활성 조절 효능 (Immunomodulatory Effects of β-sitosterol and Daucosterol Isolated from Dioscorea batatas on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 and TK-1 Cells)

  • 박민경;조세희;안태규;김도현;김소연;이진욱;김지인;서을원;손건호;임재환
    • 생명과학회지
    • /
    • 제30권4호
    • /
    • pp.359-369
    • /
    • 2020
  • 많은 면역 소재 연구에서 RAW 264.7 세포를 이용한 결과는 많이 보고되어 있으나 T 세포 유래 TK-1 세포를 활용한 연구결과는 거의 보고되어 있지 않다. 또한 식물 유래 성분인 β-sitosterol의 효능 연구에 비하여 그 유사체인 daucosterol의 면역 활성 조절 기능에 관한 연구도 매우 부족하다. 본 연구에서는 산약, D. batatas, 에서 β-sitosterol과 daucosterol을 추출하여 분리하고 NMR 방법으로 동정하였다. 이후 분리된 phytosterols의 면역 증강 또는 억제 효능을 규명하기 위해 lipopolysaccharide로 염증반응이 유도된 RAW 264.7 세포와 TK-1 세포에 β-sitosterol과 daucosterol을 각각 농도별로 12시간 동안 처리한 후에 염증관련 유전자인 COX-2, TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS의 상대적인 발현양을 RT-PCR 방법으로 분석하였다. 대식세포주인 RAW 264.7에 β-sitosterol을 처리하였을 때, LPS만을 처리한 대조군의 발현 증가량과 비교하여 TNF-α와 iNOS의 상대적인 발현양이 3 fold 이상 증가하였다. TK-1 세포의 경우에서는 β-sitosterol의 처리 농도의존적으로 TNF-α의 발현양은 감소하고 iNOS의 발현양은 증가하였다. Daucosterol을 RAW 264.7 세포에 처리한 경우 COX-2, TNF-α, IL-6의 발현양이 0.7~1.2 fold 정도로 변화하였으며 iNOS의 경우는 특이하게 0.8~0.18 fold로 발현양이 농도의존적으로 감소하였다. TK-1 세포에 daucosterol을 처리한 경우에는, 놀랍게도 LPS만 처리된 경우와 비교하여 상대적으로 TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS의 발현량이 급격하게 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 결과적으로, β-sitosterol의 처리는 RAW 264.7 세포에서 TNF-α, iNOS의 발현증가를 유도하여 면역 상승 효과에 관여하였다. TK-1 세포에서는, iNOS 발현 수준이 증가하였고, 반면에 TNF-α 발현수준은 감소하여, β-sitosterol의 면역 억제 활성을 보여주었다. Daucosterol은 RAW 264.7 세포의 iNOS 발현양을 억제하고 TK-1 세포에서 TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS의 발현을 크게 억제함으로써, 대식세포와 T 세포주에서 모두 면역 억제 효능을 보이는 것으로 판단된다.

전침에 의한 Complete Freund's Adjuvant유발 관절염모델의 거퇴관절 내 염증관련 단백질에 대한 면역조직화학적 연구 (Immunohistochemical Study on the Inflammation-related Proteins in the Ankle Joint of Complete Freund's Adjuvant-injected Rat by Electroacupuncture Stimulation)

  • 박인범;최병태;안창범
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
    • /
    • 제22권4호
    • /
    • pp.55-63
    • /
    • 2005
  • 목적 : 만성 염증성 질환에 대한 전침효과를 알아보기 위해 complete Freund's adjuvant (CA) 유발 관절염 모델에서 염증관련 단백질의 변화를 살펴보았다. 방법 : Sprague-Dawley계 흰쥐의 족부에 CFA를 주사한 다음 3일 간격으로 2 Hz, 15 Hz 및 120 Hz 전침 자극을 주며 부종 형성여부를 plethysmometer로 측정하여 판정하였으며 30일 째 거퇴관절을 취하여 4% paraformaldehyde에 고정하고 EDTA용액에서 탈회시켜 파라핀연속 절편을 얻어 $NF-{\kappa}B$를 비롯한 5종의 염증관련 단백질의 발현을 면역조직화학적으로 살펴보았다. 결과 : 관절연골내 면역반응 중 연골기질은 반응이 없거나 약하고 연골세포는 $NF-{\kappa}Bp65,\;I-{\kappa}B{\alpha},\;iNOS$반응이 강하며 특히 유리연골층에서 더 현저하였으나 염증 및 전침자극에 따른 변화는 없었다. 관절낭에서 면역반응을 살펴보면 염증유발시 활액세포의 면역반응세포는 $I-{\kappa}B{\alpha}$가 감소한 반면 iNOS, $IL-1{\beta}$는 증가하며 특히 iNOS 증가가 현저하였으며 전침자극에 의해 iNOS가 감소하였다. 활액막조직에서 모든 면역반응이 증가하며 특히 $NF-{\kappa}Bp65,\;I-{\kappa}B{\alpha},\;iNOS$ 반응이 현저한데 전침자극에 의해 $IL-1{\beta}$를 제외한 모든 반응이 감소하였다. 결론 : 만성 염증성 동물모델의 거퇴관절 내 염증관련 단백질은 관절연골보다 관절낭에서 큰 변화를 보이며 전침처치에 의해 이들 단백질 발현이 억제되는 것으로 보아 전침이 만성 염증성 질환에 효과적임을 알 수 있다.

  • PDF

Lead increases Nitric Oxide Production in Immunostimulated Glial Cells

  • Choi, Min-Sik;Shin, Chan-Young;Ryu, Jae-Ryun;Lee, Woo-Jong;Cheong, Jae-Hoon;Choi, Chang-Rak;Kim, Won-Ki;Ko, Kwang-Ho
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
    • /
    • 제12권4호
    • /
    • pp.209-214
    • /
    • 2004
  • Lead has long been considered as a toxic environmental pollutant that severely damages the central nervous system. In various neurogenerative diseases, actrocytes become activated by proinflammatory cytokines. In the present study, we investigated whether lead (Pb$^{2+}$) affects inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in activated glial cells. Rat primary glial cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 ${\mu}$g/ml) plus IFN$_{\gamma}$(100 U/ml). Pre-treatment of Pb$^{2+}$ increased nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS/IFN$_{\gamma}$-stimulated glial cells. Lead itself, however, suppressed the basal production of NO in control glial cells. Addition of the iNOS inhibitors L-NAME (1 mM) and L-NNA (800 ${\mu}$M) prevented the Pb$^{2+}$-induced increase in NO production. Western blot analysis showed that pre-treatment of Pb$^{2+}$ augmented LPS/IFN$_{\gamma}$-induced increase in iNOS immunoreactivity, which was well correlated with the increased NO production. In addition, pre-treatment of Pb$^{2+}$ synergistically increased the iNOS mRNA expression induced by LPS and IFN${\gamma}$. The present results indicate that lead intoxication adversely affect brain function by potentiating iNOS expression and NO production in activated glial cells observed in various neurodegenerative diseases.