• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.311-319
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• 2006

Bud6p is a component of a polarisome that controls cell polarity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this study, we investigated the role of the Candide albicans Bud6 protein (CaBud6p) in cell polarity and hyphal development. CaBud6p, which consists of 703 amino acids, had 37% amino-acid sequence identity with the Bud6 protein of S. cerevisiae. The homozygous knock-out of CaBUD6 resulted in several abnormal phenotypes, such as a round and enlarged cells, widened bud necks, and a random budding pattern. In hypha-inducing media, the mutant cells had markedly swollen tips and a reduced ability to switch from yeast to hypha. In addition, a yeast two-Hybrid analysis showed a physical interaction between CaBud6p and CaAct1p, which suggests that CaBud6p may be involved in actin cable organization, like Bud6p in S. cerevisiae. Taken together, these results indicate that CaBud6 plays an important role in the polarized growth of C. albicans.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.189-194
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• 2008

인진쑥 배지에서 배양한 노루궁뎅이버섯(HEAC), 노루궁뎅이 버섯과 인진쑥 추출물들의 음주 후 체내 알코올 농도의 감소 효과를 확인하였으며, 또한 혈중 알코올 탈수소효소 및 아세트알데히드 탈수소효소의 활성을 조사하여 알코올 분해 활성을 조사하였다. 체내 알코올 농도 측정결과 HEAC의 경우 170분, 노루궁뎅이 버섯 추출물은 210분후에 혈중 알코올이 검출되지 않았다. 또한, HEAC는 알코올 탈수소효소 활성에서 대조군 보다 시간에 따라 154%, 노루궁뎅이버섯 추출물은 148%로 비교적 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 아세트알데히드 탈수소활성에서는 HEAC와 노루궁뎅이버섯 추출물이 대조구에 비해 104-111%이상의 효소활성이 유지되는 것을 확인하였으며 이들 추출물들은 알코올 분해 촉진작용이 매우 우수함을 알았다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.36-45
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• 1994

아버스큘 균근균인, Gigaspora margarita Scutellospora heterogama, S. verrucosa의 포자를 발아시켜서 균사의 생장, 보조세포 발달 그리고 절단된 균사의 회복과정을 조사하였다. 발아된 균사는 배지의 표면과 내부 및 바닥에서 생장하였으며, 배지표면에서는 19-23일째, 배지바닥에서는 40-51일째에 생장을 멈추었다. 보조세포는 포자 발아 후 7-9일째에 2차 균사에서 새로 나온 균사 위에 형성되기 시작하였으며 배지의 표면이나 바닥, 그리고 배지속에서도 발달하였다. G. margarita와 S. heterogama의 원형질 유동속도는 각각 $2.7-3.3\;{\mu}m/s$와 $3.8-4.3\;{\mu}m/s$이었다. 균사가 절단되면 포자쪽 균사의 끝 부분에서 새로운 균사가 뻗어나와 끊어진 부분을 다시 연결하여 계속 생장하였다. 이러한 절단된 균사의 회복 과정은 균근균이 기주식물과 오랜 공생관계를 맺으면서 영양적으로는 절대적으로 식물에 의존함을 나타내는 것이라고 생각한다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.85-89
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• 2009

For the purpose of the methodological development to convert the food wastes into resources, we have attempted to culture the mushroom hypha, Pleurotus ostreatus. The food-wastes were mixed with distilled water, and the mixture was autoclaved to produce fluid, which was centrifugated and used as the growth media. Concentrations of the food wastes extracts were prepared with 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%(W/V), and the initial pH were set variously with 4, 5, 6, and 7. These were cultured for 9 days at the temperature of $25^{\circ}C$ and the rotation rate of 120 rpm. The result is that the fluid form of the mushroom hypha have been grown best at the concentration of 30% and the optimal pH was 5 and 6.

• Mycobiology
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2005

Morphological characteristics of hyphal interaction between Grifola umbellata (Pers. Ex Fr.) Pilat and its companion fungus which related to sclerotia formation from hyphae were investigated by external observations, light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). External observations showed that a dense antagonism line was formed by both G. umbellata and companion fungus after their hyphae contacted each other in dual culture. Many hyphal strands emerged on the colony of G. umbellata and differentiated to sclerotia from where hyphal strands crossed. Light microscope observations revealed the process of antagonism line formation. Mature antagonism with structural differentiation, was composed of three main layers: the rind, the rind underlayer and the hypha layer. TEM observations showed that after colonies hyphal contact, a series of reactions always occurred in both G. umbellata and companion fungus. Cells in the center of antagonism line were dead. Cells of G. umbellata adjacent to the antagonism line were usually large and hollow, with unilateral thickened wall, whereas those of companion fungus were empty, with thin or thick wall. Both hyphal interaction at the antagonism line may be one of the main reasons for sclerotia of G. umbellata differentiation from hypha.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.73-90
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• 1980

Ninerty one of Trichoderma spp. were isolated from ginseng growing bed, dead trees and muchroom in Korea from March 1978 to June 1979. Six species were identified as T. hamatum(13 strains), T, roningii(17 strains), T. aureoviride(4 strains), but other six strains(strain No. 111, 125, 127, 130, and 503) unidentified by Rifai's key. The reason which is not identified is as following. According to Rifai's key, phialid, phialospore and colony's colour of four strains (strain No. 125, 126, 127 and 130) are like T. longibrachiatum, but they are different from Rifai's method, because sterile-hypha often appears. the fature of standard strain ATCC no. 13631 T. longibrachiatum is like ster9ile-hypha that is used strains in this experiment. The morphology of strain No.503 is the same as T. hamatum except phialospore. Gnerally, T. hamatum's phialospore is subcylindrical, but strain No. 503 is regular ovoid. Therefore, strain No.503 cannot be identified by Rifai's key. The property, strain No.111's phialid is very irregular $(5{\sim}20{\times}2{\sim}2.5{\mu})$) and its phialospore $(4.0{\sim}6.0{\times}3.0{\sim}4.0{\mu})$) is subcylindrical, is uncomfortable to Rifai's method. The standard strains used in this experiment are 7 kinds of Trichoderma spp. received from ATCC.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2003

The identification of genes involved in true hypha formation is important in the study of mechanisms underlying the morphogenetic switch in yeast. We isolated a gene responsible for the morphogenetic switch in Yarrowia lipolytica, which forms true hyphae in response to serum or N-acetylglucosamine. The isolated gene, encoding 847 amino acids, had sequence identities of 27% and 25% with the Bud6 (Aip3) proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, respectively. Disruption of this gene, designated YIBUD6, in haploid and diploid strains significantly reduced the ability of Y. lipolytica to switch from the yeast form to the hyphal form in hypha-inducing media. It was also found that YIBud6$\Delta$ mutants were rounder than the wild type when grown in the yeast form. These results indicate that the YIBud6 protein is necessary for hyphal growth and cell polarity in both haploid and diploid Y. lipolytica cells.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2009

본 연구는 팽이버섯과 큰느타리버섯 재배 후 탈병 배지를 대상으로 원예용 상토재료로서의 이용가능성을 검토하기 위하여 수행하였다. 탈병배지의 이화학성을 분석한 결과 팽이버섯 탈병배지에서 pH와 암모니아태 질소가 높았고, CEC는 느타리재배 탈병배지에서 높았다. 인산과 양이온 함량은 팽이버섯 탈병배지가 큰느타리 시료에 비해 상대적으로 높았다. 미생물 분포는 팽이버섯 탈병배지에서 Microbacterium, Rhodococcus, Agrobacterium, 큰느타리버섯은 Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Curtobacterium, Microbacterium, Plantibacte속 등이 우점하였다. 버섯재배 탈병배지를 퇴비화한 결과 시판용 상토원료보다 CEC는 낮았으나, 질소, 인산 및 양이온 함량은 오히려 높았다. 팽이와 큰느타리버섯 탈병배지를 퇴비화한 후 질석을 혼합하여 고추와 배추에 대한 발아율을 조사하였다. 팽이버섯 탈병배지는 질석 혼합 비율에 관계없이 고추와 배추의 발아율이 높았다. 그러나 큰느타리 탈병배지와 질석혼용시 질석 20% 이상 혼합시 고추의 발아율이 100%였으나, 10% 혼합의 경우는 발아가 전혀 되지 않았다. 특히 배추의 경우 질석 30%를 혼합하여도 10%의 발아율을 나타냄으로써 큰느타리재배 탈병배지는 배추재배용 상토원료로는 부적당할 것으로 판단되었다. 한편, 팽이버섯 탈병배지는 시판용 상토원료와 혼합할 경우 혼합비율에 관계없이 사용가능하다고 판단되나, 큰느타리 탈병배지의 경우는 시판용 상토원료와 20% 미만의 적은 양을 혼합할 경우 사용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 고추 유묘의 생육은 팽이버섯과 큰 느타리 탈병배지 모두 질석 혼합비율이 증가할수록 초장, 생체중 및 근중이 증가하였으며, 특히 큰느타리 탈병배지를 이용한 상토에서 고추 유묘의 생육촉진 효과가 뚜렷하였다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제21권1_4호
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• pp.39-44
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• 1978

Acid phosphatase activities were analyzed in $\mu\textrm{g}$ tissue samples from an angiosperm parasite (Cuscuta cephalanthi) and its host plant (Hedera helix) by a fluorometric microtechnique. The apex and the coiling portion of the parasite axis exhibited greater enzyme activies than other portions of the hypha. Acid phosphatase activity in the haustorium was 2-3 times that in the hyphal axis. The vascular bundles of the normal host exhibited the greatest enzyme activity. The acid phosphatase activity in the host infected by the parasite decreased to the activity level of the haustorium.

• Mycobiology
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.47-50
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• 2000

The capability of higher ascomyceteous fungi to cause typical soft-rot decay for wood under laboratory conditions is reviewed and discussed. Fungi tested were extremely active in the decomposition of timbers. Scanning electron micrographs illustrated typical soft-rot decay pattern of higher wood decay ascomycetes, with the exception of H. trugodes that caused white-rot decay. Most of the fungi tested could be grouped as soft-rot fungi that showed typical soft-rot type II. Hypha confined primarily to the resin canals in softwoods or vessel elements in hardwoods and spread tracheid to tracheid via pits of cell wall to cell wall with mechanical force.