• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.264-269
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• 2017

Prunella vulgaris, well-known traditional medicinal plant, is used for the cure of abscess, scrofula, hypertension and urinary diseases. Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease. The pathological characteristics of diabetic nephropathy are glomerular and tubular basement membrane thickening. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Prunella vulgaris, on diabetic glomerular injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 45 mg/kg) and confirmed by random glucose level higher than ${\leq}300mg/dL$. The experimental rats were divided into five groups: control group (Male SD rats), STZ group (Male SD rats injected STZ), Aminoguanidine group (Male SD rats injected STZ + AG 100 mg/kg/day), Low dose group (Male SD rats injected STZ + APV 100 mg/kg/day), High dose group (Male SD rats injected STZ + APV 300 mg/kg/day). AG or APVs were administered once a day for 8 weeks. Body weight and food/water intake were measured every four weeks. At the end of study, the kidneys were collected and cut into pieces for immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Our study showed that body weight and water/food intake were no significant differences between untreated STZ-induced diabetic rat and APV treated-STZ rat. However, phosphorylation of receptor-regulated Smads (Smad3) was significantly decreased in APV treated-STZ rat as compared with the diabetic group. In addition, APV was improved nephrin level in kidney tissue. Therefore, we suggest that APV has a protective effect against STZ-induced diabetic glomerular injury.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.95-102
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• 1995

당뇨병성 신증은 만성 당뇨병에서 흔히 동반되는 심각한 합병증이나 그 발생기전은 확실히 밝혀져 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 암, 노화, 염증등 여러 가지 질환의 발생에 관여한다고 알려진 산화성 스트레스의 증가가 당뇨병성 신증의 발생에 관여하는지를 알아 보았다. 쥐에서 신증의 유발을 용이하게 하기 위해 먼저 한쪽 신장을 적출한후 스트렙토조토신을 주사하여 당뇨병을 유발하였다(NEPH-STZ). 당뇨병 유발 8주후, NEPH-STZ쥐들은 심한 고혈당증, 단백뇨, 고혈압의 증상을 보였으며 신장조직은 보상성 비대와 함께 혈관간기질(mesangial matrix) 증대의 형태학적 변화를 보였다. 그러나 스트렙토조토신만을 주사한 쥐(STZ)에서는 단백뇨가 나타나지 않았고, 신장적출만을 한 쥐에서는(NEPH) 단백뇨의 증상은 나타났으나 신장조직의 형태학적 관찰에서 혈관간 기질의 증대는 보이지 않았다. 이화같이 그 증상이나 신장조직 병변의 정도는 모두 달랐음에도 불구하고, 신피질 조직 단백질의 산화는 NEPH, STZ, NEPH-STZ의 세 실험군 쥐에서 대조군(CONT)에 비해 유의하게 증가 되어 있었다. 이 실험결과는 세 실험군 모두에서 조직의 산화성 스트레스가 증가되어 있음을 나타내는 것으로, 산화성 스트레스의 증가가 당뇨병성 신증을 일으키는 유일한 발병기전은 아닐 가능성을 시사한다. 그러나 조직의 산화성 스트레스의 증가가 여러 질환에서 조직의 손상을 유발하는 공통된 최종 경로라는 것을 고려해 볼 때, 혈행학적(hemodynamic) 혹은 대사성 인자 등에 의해 증가된 산화성 스트레스가 당뇨병성 신증의 발생에 있어서도 기여할 가능성은 크다.id deptide의 양이 변해서가 아니라 다른 기전에 의하여 조절되어지고 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국노년학
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.645-656
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• 2009

본 연구는 의료기관 가정간호사업 현황을 총체적으로 파악하여, 의료기관 가정간호사업 활성화와 노인장기요양보험제도 도입 이후 세 가지 유형의 가정방문 간호사업을 효율적으로 기능역할 정립하는데 필요한 기초자료를 생성하기 위함이다. 건강보험심사평가원의 2006년 의료기관 가정간호 급여청구자료를 2차 분석하고, 전국 75개 의료기관 가정간호사업소의 사업현황을 횡단적 조사 분석하였다. 2006년 전체 의료기관 가정간호 이용자 중 65세 이상 노인은 20,343명(전체 대상자의 64.0%), 급여 청구는 98,822건(전체 청구의 70.1%), 방문은 333,889건(전체 방문의 76.8%)이었다. 이용자의 진단명은 뇌졸중 23.6%, 뇌졸중을 제외한 심장 등 순환기질환이 17.7%로 전체 청구 중 41.3%가 뇌졸중을 비롯한 순환기질환에 의한 것이었다. 다음은 당뇨 등 내분비계질환 10.4%, 신생물 9.7% 순이었다. 2006년 일 년간 노인대상 의료기관 가정간호 총 진료비는 13,247,992,290원(전체의 70.5%), 가정간호비용은 6,544,430,760원(전체의 72.2%)이었다. 2006년 일 년간 의료기관 가정간호 서비스 이용 노인 일인당 평균 총 진료비는 646,262원, 가정간호비용은 319,476원, 총 방문건수는 15.3건이었다. 의료기관 가정간호사업은 보건소 방문보건사업과 중재 종류는 유사하나, 보건소 방문보건사업에서는 수행되지 않는 헤마토크릿(16.8%), 혈색소(15.6%), 적혈구 침강속도(5.6%), 경피적산소분압(0.1%) 등 임상검사와 흡입배농 및 배액(0.7%), 약물저류 관장(0.1%) 및 가스관장(0.01%)등 특수처치가 수행되었다. 건강보험 급여한도 월 8회를 초과하여 전액본인부담금으로 의료기관 가정간호를 이용한 노인은 질환별로 욕창 7.0%, 암 5.4%, 당뇨 2.5%, 고혈압 1.1%, 뇌졸중 0.9%였다. 따라서, 이러한 서비스 차이를 반영하여 세 가지 유형의 가정방문 간호사업간 기능역할을 설정하고, 서비스 이용을 활성화하기 위해서 보험급여를 확대할 필요가 있다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.382-391
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• 1986

This survey was carried out to study the relationship between observable factor such as anthropometry, blood pressure, food habit, the score of THI and diseases of 459 persons (male: 188, female: 271) aged 60 and over in the rural area of Kurye - Gun Chonnam from April 28 to May 1, 1986. The results obtained were as follo\ulcornerws 1) Body weight and height was below Korean average. The mean obesity rate in male and female showed -2.3% and 3.4%, respectively, and BMI showed 25.8 and 26.0 respectively. 2) The systolic and diastolic blood pressure was normal in both sexes. The pro opotion of hypertension by WHO level showed 19.6% and 20.3% in male and fem\ulcornerale, respectively_ The proportion of anemia showed 57.9% and 41.7% in male and female, respectively. The concentration of total protein, albumin, cholesterol and gl\ulcornerucose and white blood cell number showed normal range in both sexes. 3) The proportion of the disease showed 68% of male and 83% of female and among them 50% of male and 43% of female suffered from one kind of disease and there are more female who suffered from many kinds of diseases than male. The most common disease is neuralgia and nexts are digestive diseases, diabetes melli\ulcornertus, urinary disturbance, motion disturbance, arthritis, respiratory diseases, tubecu\ulcornerlosis and hepatitis. 4) There was a significant correlation between body height and weight and the score of food habit. 5) There was a considerable relation between the score of each item of TIll and the status of diseases. 6) There appeared profound relation between obesity rate and the data of anth\ulcornerropometry, but weak relation between that and blood constituents, and no relation between that and the score of food habit.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.504-511
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• 2019

Objectives: We evaluated the physical and mental health problems of waged workers in Korea who had different classes of occupation. Methods: We used data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2017) to examine 22,788 workers who were waged employees and categorized these workers into 5 occupational classes. Results: "Unskilled manual workers" were more likely to be older, less educated, have lower monthly income, and work fewer hours per week. Among men and relative to "managers and professionals" (reference group), "skilled manual workers" were more likely to have physician-diagnosed osteoarthritis, "clerks" were less likely to report suicidal ideation, and "unskilled manual workers" were more likely to report suicidal ideation. Among women and relative to "managers and professionals" (reference group), "service and sales workers" and "unskilled manual workers" were more likely to report physician-diagnosed osteoarthritis, depressive feelings, and suicidal ideation. However, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases did not differ among the occupational classes for men and women. Conclusion: We identified differences between men and women and among those in different occupational classes regarding employment status, physical health, and mental health. "Unskilled manual workers" of both genders were more likely to be older, less educated, have less monthly income, work fewer hours per week, and have suicidal ideation. Female "service and sales workers" were more likely to have osteoarthritis, depressive feelings, and suicidal ideation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.1570-1577
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• 1992

The vascular surgery is the field that has developed in early 20 century and is progressing nowadays. Recent advance in surgical technique accompanying with excellent medical diagnosis and treatment, prompt angiographic usage, development of variable prosthetic material, and concomitant use of anti-coagulant have made remarkable results of vascular surgery. 83 cases of vascular surgery have been performed at Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Department of Pusan National Unversity Hosaital since 1971 till 1990, for 20 years and their results are followed. Patient ductus arteriosus and Buerger`s disease were omited in this study. 1. The age distribution shows that the fifth and sixth decades are most frequently affected and mean age was 56.1 years old. Male to female ratio is 1: 2.32. 2. Among the 83 cases of all, number of occlusive vascular disease is 46 and that of aneurysmal disease is 33. 3. In clinical manifestation, most common symptom of occlusive disease is pulselessness and pain was next. Mass sensation is most commonly complained by patients of aneurysmal disease. 4. CT scan was more important in diagnosis of aneurysmal diseases and angiogram was more commonly used in occlusive diseases. 5. The common site of arterial occlusion was common iliac artery, femoral artery, aortic bifurcation, and external iliac artery, as its frequency rate. The most commonly affecting portion of aortic aneurysm was abdminal aorta, and descending thoracic aorta and femoral artery were next 6. Preoperative associated diseases were atherosclerosis[41 cases], hypertension[21 cases], valvular heart disease[11 cases], and diabetes mellitus[9 cases], etc, 7. Operative methods in ocllusive diseases were thrombectomy[36.9%], endarterectomy [10.9%], and bypass graft insertion[52.7%]. Among the bypass graft, Y-graft was used in 7 case, straight graft was used in 17 cases, and saphenous venous graft was used in 2 cases. 8. Postoperative complications were developed in 17 cases, and morbidity rate was 36. 9. Eleven patient were died within 1 month after operation, so operative mortality rate was 13.3%. 10. Duration of patency was beteween 7 and 58 months[average 27.5 months] in occlusive diseases and their 5-year patency rate was 56.3%. Duration of patency of aneurysmal disease was 20 months in aveage and their 5-year patency rate was 51.3%. 11. Patients of eleven cases of occlusive disease and two cases of aneurysmal disease required reoperation for variable reason. 12. 35 cases of patient have used anticoagulants: coumadin, ticlid, and persanthin-ASA combination.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.202-208
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• 2007

Persimmon is well-known as a Korean traditional medicine for alleviating coughs and enhancing blood circulation; it is also used for treatment of hypertension, cancer, diabetes and atherosclerosis. To evaluate the protective properties of persimmon leaf methanol extract (PLME) and persimmon fruit methanol extract (PFME) administration on acute ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity, C57BL/6 male mice were gavaged with or without persimmon extracts for 1 week. Hepatotoxicity was then induced by gavage of 5 g/kg BW ethanol. After 12 hr of ethanol administration, blood and liver were collected and analyzed for biochemical markers of hepatotoxicity. The results showed PLME and PFME treatments decreased the activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) compared with ethanol control. Both PLME and PFME reduced serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, but elevated alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity. Serum triglyceride (TG) and hepatic cholesterol levels were significantly decreased when treated with PLME and PFME. Liver malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly decreased in PLME and PFME groups compared with ethanol control. Furthermore, the administration of PLME and PFME significantly increased the activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase (GSH-red). In summary, PLME and PFME appeared to prevent hepatic injury by accelerating alcohol metabolism by increasing alcohol-metabolizing enzyme activities, by activating the antioxidative enzyme system against oxidative stress, and by decreasing fat accumulation, which is evidenced by decreased hepatotoxic indices in serum.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.71-83
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• 2014

The purpose of the study was to implement and evaluate a nutrition capacity training program for dietitians and other professionals working at customized home visiting health services (CHVHS). This program focused on nutrition services for hypertension or diabetes mellitus patients including topics regarding CHVHS, and composed of 10 sessions with lectures, discussion and practice. Dietitians (n = 54) and other professionals (n = 20) participated in the program and completed the questionnaire to assess their understanding of nutritional management, nutrition services and CHVHS before and after the program, and to examine program satisfaction and education needs. Subjects were mostly women (98.6%) and college or university graduates (93.2%). Total score (p < 0.001), as well as all items (p < 0.001 or p < 0.01) of understanding regarding nutritional management, nutrition services and CHVHS, were significantly increased after the program both in dietitians and in other professionals. Subjects were generally satisfied with the program, showing more satisfaction with items regarding subject's participation, acquiring new knowledge, usefulness of the program for CHVHS, and education materials. In future nutrition capacity training programs, subjects wanted to have classes regarding nutrition services for specific chronic diseases, development of education materials, methods for dietary life education, modifying eating habits and so on. Other professionals compared to dietitians, showed higher education needs in meal management (p < 0.01) and nutrition counseling skills (p < 0.05). This study showed the effectiveness of a nutrition capacity training program for home-visiting dietitians and other professionals, and suggests the need and direction for future nutrition capacity training programs.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.19-33
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• 2004

The focus of this paper is to critically evaluate the contemporary health promotion policy of g Korea and Japan. The primary purpose of this comparative research project is to stimulate policy debate and to strengthen the design and implementation of evidence-based policies that improve population health and reduce health related disparities. For the purpose of the research object we adopted analysis of health promotion(HP) sources. The HP Source which is still under development in Europe, is a potentially valuable tool for global use. This European Commission funded project lead by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine has brought together organisations from all of the European Union Member States, plus Norway, Iceland, Latvia, Switzerland and the Czech Republic to contribute their data. The findings of this research will be conclude by making recommendations for further comparative studies and in particular how EUHPID and the HP Source tool and database can be expanded for use at global level through the IUHPE. The result as follows: 1. The Health Promotion Act enacted 1995 in Korea and 2000 in Japan. The government has a national document on HP titled Health Plan 2010 and Healthy Korea 2010 in Korea and Healthy Japan 21 in Japan. 2. The Health Plan 2010 of Korea contains 14 goals, i.e. life expectancy, smoking, nutrition, mental health, dental health, reproductive health, hypertension, cerebrovascular diseases, arthritis, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. It should be emphasized that the Korean HP national document adds 3 goals of health expectancy, reproductive health, and arthritis to its Japanese counterpart. Health Plan 2010 of Korea specifies 37 objectives in 14 goals, and Healthy Japan 21 proposes 48 objectives and 80 targets in 9 goals. 3. Health Plan 2010 and Healthy Japan 21 have not been evaluated yet, and no regular systematic monitoring reporting of HP policies is available in Korea and Japan yet. 4. National Health Promotion Fund is a financial source of HP programs at the national level in Korea. Its annual amount is 736 billion Won(equivalent to approximately 640 million US$), otherwise no specific Health Promotion Fund in Japan.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.255-262
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• 2002

Objectives : To investigate the fetal cholesterol levels and related factors in a rural adult population. Methods : 3,207 adults(1,272 men and 1,935 women) were examined in 1997 Their heights, weights, and fasting serum total cholesterol levels were measured, and their body mass indices were calculated. A questionnaire interviewing method was used to collect risk factor data. Results : The mean value of total cholesterol were 190.5 mg/dl, and 198.8 mg/dl, and the age-adjusted prevalence rates for hypercholesterolemia (above 240 mg/dl) were 13.7% and 10.2%, in men and women, respectively. From simple analyses, age, educational level, coffee intake, amount of meat and food intake, waist circumference, waist-hip circumference ratio(WHR), and body mass index(BMI) were significant risk factors in men (p<0.05) relating to serum total cholesterol levels. In women, age, educational level, hypertension history, diabetes history, herbal drug history, amount of feed intake, alcohol consumption, waist circumference, WHR, BMI, and menopausal status were significant risk factors (p<0.05). In multiple linear regression analyses, waist circumference (p<0.01), BMI (p<0.01), and coffee intake (p<0.05) proved to be significant risk factors in men. Whereas, menopausal status (p<0.01), BMI (p<0.01), herbal drug history (p<0.01), amount of food intake (p<0.05), waist circumference (p<0.05), and alcohol consumption (p<0.05) were significant risk factors in women. Conclusions : The significant risk factors, for both men and women, relating to the serum total cholesterol were waist circumference and BMI. Thus, for the reduction of serum total cholesterol level, it is recommended that health education for the control of obesity should be implemented.