• Toxicological Research
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 1987

The effects of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on the activities if tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine ${\beta}$-hydroxylase (DBH), tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) in various regions (cerebral cortex, striatum, midbrain, pons and medulla of nat brain have been determined. It was observed that up to 1mM MSGhad no significant effects on the activities of brain tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine ${\beta}$-hydroxylase, tryptophan hydroxylase and monoamine oxidase in all regions of rat brain. These results indicated that MSG itself exerted no direct effect on the important enzymes synthsizing and metabolizing the monoaminergic neuronal system.

• 생약학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.194-197
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• 1994

MeOH extracts of sixteen herbal drugs were tested for the effects on bovine adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine ${\beta}-hydroxylase$. The MeOH extracts of Paeoniae Radix and Pinelliae Tuber showed 65% inhibition on the tyrosine hydroxylase activity at the concentration of 100 $\mu$g in the enzyme reaction mixture. Those of Paeoniae Radix, Pinelliae Tuber and Evodiae Fructus showed 87, 84 and 62%, respectively, on the dopamine ${\beta}-hydroxylase$ activity.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.644-649
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• 2004

GA 생합성에 결정적 역할을 하는 GA 3$\beta$-hydroxylase를 pIG121-Hm 벡터에 GUS유전자를 빼고 antisense로 클로닝하여 이를 동진벼에 도입한 결과 17개체의 절간신장이 억제된 형질전환한 식물체를 얻을 수 있었다. 일반 재배 동진벼를 대조군으로 하여 비교하였을때 antisense GA 3$\beta$-hydroxylase 유전자가 형질 도입된 식물체의 획득형질은 평균적으로 대조군에 비해 절간 신장의 억제가 확인되었다. 절간신장의 억제가 보인 개체의 엽육조직을 co취하여 Southen blot hybridization분석 결과 3개의 line에서 모두 single copy로 도입된 것으로 나타났다. 이로써$T_o$ 식물체 내에 antisense GA 3$\beta$-hydroxylase 유전자를 내포하고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 이것은 antisense GA 3$\beta$-hydroxylase 유전자가 생체내에서 직접 또는 간접적으로 GA 3$\beta$-hydroxylase유전자의 발현에 관여한 것이라 사료되어진다.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.141-146
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• 1998

[$^3$H] 5-epi-aristolochene (5-EAS)를 담배 현탁배양세포에 투여하여 elicitor에 의해 유도된 세포가 생합성하여 배지로 방출하는 [$^3$H]-capsidiol의 량을 측정함으로써 5-EAS hydroxylase의 활성을 검정하였고, 이 반응의 전 단계에 관여하는 효소인 sesquiterpene cyclase의 발현특성과 비교하였다. 5-EAS hydroxylase는 정상세포에는 전혀 활성을 보이지 않으나 elicitor로써 cellulase를 처리한 세포는 9시간 후부터 유도를 시작하여 18시간 후에 최대 활성을 보였는데 동일한 세포내에서 유도되는 cyclase와 유사한 패턴을 보였다. Cyt P450계 효소의 특이적 억제제로 알려진 ancymidol과 ketoconazole에 의해 5-EAS hydroxylase의 활성은 강한 억제를 보인 반면 cyclase의 활성은 억제를 보이지 않아 5-EAS hydroxylase가 P450계 효소임이 시사되었다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.135-145
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• 1985

The present study was undertaken in order to elucidate the effect of ginseng butanol fraction on ethanol induced hepatic aniline hydroxylase activity in rat. Ginseng butanol fraction increased the hepatic aniline hydroxylase activity which is inhibited by ethanol addition in the enzyme assay system, whereas not shown the ginseng effect in ethanol absence condition in vitro. It was found that ginseng butanol fraction improved the affinity of aniline hydroxylase under presence of ethanol in the reaction mixture. On the contrary ginseng butanol fraction showed significant decreasing effect on aniline hydroxylase activity induced by ethanol administration. These results suggest that ginseng butanol fraction regulate the hepatic aniline hydroxylase activity which is induced by ethanol consumption.

• 약학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.638-646
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• 1997

The steroid 9${alpha}$-hydroxylase activity has been detected in cytosol fraction, $100,00{\times}g$ supernatant of cell free extract of Mycobacterium fortuitum. The activity was not linear with protein concentration in the assay suggesting 9${alpha}$-hydroxylase is a multicomponent enzyme. The 9${alpha}$-hydroxylase system was partially purified through fractional saturation of ammonium sulfate, strong anion exchange (Mono Q) column chromatography, gel filtration (Superose 12) column chromatography, and testosterone affinity gel chromatography. Ammonium sulfate 50~60% saturated fraction of the cytosol gave 9${alpha}$-hydroxylase activity. For further purification, the half-saturated ammonium sulfate fraction was applied to Mono Q, Superose 12, or affinity gel column. The purification factors of 9${alpha}$-hydroxylase containing fraction after Mono Q, Superose 12, and affinity gel chromatography was 13, 11, and 17 respectively.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.81-86
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• 1986

The effect of imperatorin on hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidases (MF0) was investigated. On acute treatment, imperatorin (30 mg/kg, i.p) caused a significant reduction in activities of hepatic aminopyrine N-demethylase, hexobarbital hydroxylase and aniline hydroxylase as well as cytochrome p0450 content in rats and mice. Kinetic studies on rat liver enzymes revealed that imperatorin appeared to be a competitive inhibitor of aminopyrine N-demethylase (Ki,0.007 mM), whereas a non-competitive inhibitor of hexobarbital hydroxylase (Ki, 0.0148 mM). Imperatorin also inhibited non-competitively aniline metabolism (Ki 0.2 mM). Imperatorin binds to phenobarbital-induced cytochrome p-450 to give a typical type 1 binding sepctrum (max. 388nm, min 422 nm). Multiple administrations of imperatorin (30 mg/kg. i. p. daily for 7 days) to mice shortended markedly the duration of hexobarbital narcosis and increased activities of hepatic aminopyrine N-demethylase and hexobarbital hydroxylase and the level of cytochrome p-450 where as aniline hydroxylase activity was unaffected.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2000

성체 소의 망막에 존재하는 doparminergic 신경세포의 형태를 연구하였다. Dopaminerglc 세포는 항체면역세포화학적 방법을 이용하여 확인하였다. Tyrosine hydroxylase 면역 반응 신경 세포의 대부분은 내핵층의 가장 깊은 부분에 위치했다. 이들 세포들의 돌기들은 단층이었으며 그리고 내망상층의 1층내에 위치했다. Tyrosine-hydroxylase 면역 반응되는 두 번째 주요 세포 집단은 치환된 amacrine 세포들이다. 치환된 tyrosine-hydroxylase 면역 반응 amacrine 세포의 돌기들도 역시 내망상층의 1층내에 나타났다. 소수의 신경 세포의 돌기들은 외망상층에서 나타났다. 매우 낮은 밀도의 신경세포들은 내망상층의 중간과 깊은 층에서 tyrosine-hydroxylase 면역 반응 돌기들의 추가적인 층을 가졌다. Doparminergic 신경세포의 돌기들은 방사선형으로 넓게 신장되어 큰 모양을 형성하였고 수상돌기의 가지들은 적당하게 뻗어 있었다. 이러한 돌기들은 때때로 varicosity를 가지지만 "dendritic rings"을 형성하지는 않았다. 본연구의 결과는 doparminergic 세포는 소의 망막내 특이 신경세포 형태를 구성하는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.282-285
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• 2004

The polyene antibiotics including nystatin, pimaricin, amphotericin and candicidin are a family of most promising antifungal polyketide compounds, typically produced by rare actinomycetes species. The biosynthetic gene clusters for these polyenes have been previously investigated, revealing the presence of highly homologous biosynthetic genes among polyene-producers such as polyketide synthase (PKS) and cytochrome P450 hydroxylase (CYP) genes. Based on amino acid sequence alignment among actinomycetes CYP genes, the highly-conserved regions specific for only polyene CYP genes were identified and chosen for degenerate PCR primers, followed by the PCR-screening with various actinomycetes genomic DNAs. Among tested several polyene non-producing actinomycetes strains, Pseudonorcardia autotrophica strain was selected based on the presence of PCR product with polyene-specific CYP gene primers, and then confirmed to contain a cryptic novel polyene hydroxylase gene in the chromosome. These results suggest that the polyene-specific hydroxylase gene PCR should be an efficient way of screening and isolating potentially-valuable cryptic polyene antibiotic biosynthetic genes from various microorganisms including rare actinomycetes.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.519-524
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• 1997

Steroid $9{\alpha}$-hydroxylase is an enzyme found in nocardioform microorganisms which can utilize steroids as a sole carbon source. After fractional centrifugation of the cell homogenates, the enzyme activity in Nocardia and Rhodococcus was found in cytoplasmic membrane fraction. On the contrary, Mycobacterium had its 9.alpha.-hydroxylation activity in cytosolic fraction. To characterize the enzyme in these microorganisms, several potential inhibitors of 9.alpha.-hydroxylase were tested and the cofactor requirement for the same enzyme was also examined. The inhibitory effect of ferrous ion chelators indicated involvement of iron containing proteins in the 9.alpha.-hydroxylase system. On the other hand, metyrapone, an inhibitor known to be specific for cytochrome P450 interfered with the enzyme in Mycobacterium, but didn't inhibit the enzyme activity in Nocardia and Rhodococcus. While the $9{\alpha}$-hydroxylase system in Nocardia and Rhodococcus required NADPH, NADH was required as an election donor in Mycobacterium.