• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.321-327
• /
• 2010

The ability of 80% ethanol extracts from five medicinal plants, Aralia continentalis, Paeonia suffruticosa, Magnolia denudata, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, and Schizonepeta tenuifolia, to neutralize hydroxyl radical, peroxyl radical and peroxynitrite was examined using the total oxyradical scavenging capacity (TOSC) assay. Peroxyl radical was generated from thermal homolysis of 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (ABAP); hydroxyl radical by an iron-ascorbate Fenton reaction; peroxynitrite by spontaneous decomposition of 3-morpholinosydnonimine N-ethylcarbamide (SIN-1). The oxidants generated react with $\alpha$-keto-$\gamma$-methiolbutyric acid (KMBA) to yield ethylene, and the TOSC of the substances tested is quantified from their ability to inhibit ethylene formation. Extracts from P. suffruticosa, M. denudata, and S. tenuifolia were determined to be potent peroxyl radical scavenging agents with a specific TOSC (sTOSC) being at least six-fold greater than that of glutathione (GSH). These three plants also showed sTOSCs toward peroxynitrite markedly greater than sTOSC of GSH, however, only P. suffruticosa revealed a significant hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity. Seven major active constituents isolated from P. suffruticosa, quercetin, (+)-catechin, methyl gallate, gallic acid, benzoic acid, benzoyl paeoniflorin and paeoniflorin, were determined for their antioxidant potential toward peroxynitrite, peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals. Quercetin, (+)-catechin, methyl gallate, and gallic acid exhibited sTOSCs 40~85 times greater than sTOSC of GSH. These four components also showed a peroxynitrite scavenging capacity higher than at least 10-fold of GSH. For antioxidant activity against hydroxyl radical, methyl gallate was greatest followed by gallic acid and quercetin. Further studies need to be conducted to substantiate the significance of scavenging a specific oxidant in the prevention of cellular injury and disease states caused by the reactive free radical species.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제51권3호
• /
• pp.111-116
• /
• 2008

Aralia elata seeds were successively extracted with water, methanol, ethanol, acetone and chloroform. The crude extracts were investigated for antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. The antioxidant properties of various extracts were evaluated by antioxidant tests, such as DPPH free radical-scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical-scavenging assay, metal-chelating activity, lipid peroxidation inhibition activity and reducing power assay. The 70% methanol extract exhibited the highest activity in the in vitro models of DPPH free radical-scavenging activity, metal-chelating activity, and reducing power assay. Acetone extract showed good effects on lipid peroxidation inhibition and hydroxyl radical-scavenging assay at a low concentration. In addition, the $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibition assay showed that 70% methanol extract had the highest activity. These results indicate the high possibility of using A. elata seeds for medical application due to their efficient antioxidant properties.

• 대한화장품학회지
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.155-162
• /
• 2012

숙성된 인삼은 인간의 건강을 회복시키고 향상시키는 강장제로서 알려져 있으며, 백삼보다 더 많은 약리적인 활성을 가진다고 알려져 왔다. 전이 가능한 종양, 림프구 증식과 쥐간의 지질과산화에 대한 숙성된 인삼의 효과도 연구되었다. 본 연구는 3가지 인삼 추출물의 항산화와 항노화 효과를 평가하기 위해서 실험하게 되었다. 시장에서 이미 만들어진 홍삼엑기스를 사용하였고, 그 외 수삼, 건삼을 구매하여 홍삼제조기로 만들어진 추출물로 실험에 사용하였다. 숙성된 인삼의 3가지 추출물들은 superoxide radical 소거 활성, hydroxyl radical 소거 활성, 리놀산 자동산화 억제, 섬유아세포에서 collagenase 억제와 collagen 합성의 효과를 연구했다. 숙성시켜 만든 수삼은 100 ug/mL의 농도에서 가장 높은 superoxide radical 소거 활성뿐만 아니라 vitamin C보다 더 높은 hydroxyl radical 소거 활성을 나타냈다. 또한 리놀산 자동산화 억제, collagen 합성과 collagenase 억제에서 가장 높은 활성을 보였다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제47권3호
• /
• pp.293-299
• /
• 2004

거대배아미 에탄올 추출물의 항산화활성을 지질과산화 억제활성 및 활성산소종의 소거활성을 중심으로 일반미와 대조하여 검토하였다. 연구 결과, 발아처리는 전반적으로 환원력 및 지질과산화 억제활성, superoxide radical 및 hydroxyl radical 소거활성을 상승시켰으며, 발아처리에 의한 항산화 활성의 증가현상이 화청거대배아미에서 가장 뚜렷하였다. Superoxide radical 소거작용에 있어서는 남풍거대배아미가 전체적인 소거활성은 높았으나, 발아처리에 의한 활성의 상승률은 역시 화청거대배아미가 가장 높았고, 그 작용기작은 시료에 의한 직접적인 radical 소거에 있는 것으로 나타났다. 생체 독성이 가장 큰 hydroxyl radical 소거활성을 조사한 결과, 화청거대배아미가 전체적인 소거활성 뿐 아니라, 발아처리에 의한 소거활성의 증가율도 가장 높았으며, 그 작용기작도 $Fe^{2+}$의 포족이 아닌 직접적인 라디칼 소거임이 밝혀졌다. 이와 같은 in vitro에서 관찰된 시료의 ROS 소거활성은 TPA하여 유도된 HL-60 세포의 ROS 생산을 억제하는데 유효하게 작용하였다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.326-332
• /
• 2005

A methanol extract of mulberry cake prepared from mulberry fruits (Morus spp.) was shown to have strong scavenging activities against DPPH, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. Eleven phenolic compounds were isolated from the mulberry cake by a combination of Diaion HP-20, silica gel (or polyamide), Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies, preparative HPLC and TLC. Their chemical structures were characterized as procatechuic acid (PCA), caffeic acid (CA), cyanidin 3-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (CyG) and cyanidin $3-O-\beta­D-rutinoside$ (CyR), rutin (RT), isoquercitrin (IQT), astragalin (AG), quercetin (QT), morin (MR), di-hydroquercetin (DHQ), and 4-prenylmoracin (PM) by spectral analysis and the published data. Most of the phenolic constituents were effective scavengers of DPPH, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, and especially caffeic acid and 4-prenylmoracin showed potent superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, in which their activities were higher than that of the well-known antioxidant, BHT (p< 0.05). Dehydroquercetin and quercetin also exhibited strong superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities. These results suggest that mulberry cake containing antioxidant phenolic compounds may be useful as natural antioxidants in functional foods and cosmetics.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제38권12호
• /
• pp.1649-1655
• /
• 2009

곰취(Ligularia fischeri, GC), 고추잎(Capsicum annuum L., GCY), 취나물(Aster scaber, CNM), 머위대(Petasites japonicus S. et Z. Max, MYD) 및 고구마순(Ipomoea batatas L. (Lam), GGM)과 같은 산채들의 물 추출물의 항산화능력을 평가하고 이들 동결건조 블록 물 추출물들의 항산화력과 비교하였다. 산채 물 추출물들과 그들의 동결건조 블록물 추출물들의 항산화력 측정은 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical 소거작용, hydroxyl radical 소거작용 및 아질산염 소거작용과 같은 방법에 의해 알아보았다. 산채 물 추출물은 그들의 동결건조 물 추출물보다 총 페놀함량이 더 높았다. GC, GCY, CNM, MYD 그리고 GGM 물추출물들의 총 페놀 함량은 각각 $471.66{\pm}3.52\;{\mu}g/mg,\;141.33{\pm}2.51\;{\mu}g/mg,\;177.33{\pm}2.88\;{\mu}g/mg,\;238.66{\pm}9.50\;\mu}g/mg\;그리고\;122.67{\pm}3.51\;{\mu}g/mg$이었다. 1000 ppm GC, GCY, CNM 그리고 GGM 물 추출물의 DPPH radical 소거작용은 그들의 동결건조 블록 물 추출물보다 더 높았고, 1000 ppm CNM, GC, GCY, MYD 그리고 GGM의 물 추출물의 DPPH radical 소거작용은 각각 90.9%, 89.9%, 76.6%, 71.1% 그리고 57.4%였다. 10000 ppm GC, GCY, CNM, MYD 그리고 GGM 물 추출물들은 hydroxyl radical 소거작용을 각각 38.8%, 33.4%, 35.9%, 34.3% 그리고 33.8%까지 증가시켰고, GCY, CNM 그리고 GGM의 물 추출물은 동결건조 블록 물 추출물과 유사한 활성을 나타내었으나 GC와 MYD의 물 추출물이이들 동결건조 블록들의 물 추출물의 hydroxyl radical 소거작용보다 약간 더 영향력이 있었다. 산채 물 추출물들과 이들 동결건조 블록 물 추출물들은 실험된 모든 농도에서 DPPH radical 소거작용 및 hydroxyl radical 소거작용을 나타내었다. GC 물 추출물의 아질산염 소거작용은 현저하게 농도 의존적으로 증가하였고, GC 물 추출물의 아질산염 소거작용이 그것의 동결건조 블록 물 추출물의 아질산염 소거작용보다 높았다. 이상의 결과들로부터 동결건조블록이 산채와 비교하여 산채가 가지고 있는 항산화력을 유지하고 있다는 것을 알수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.106-110
• /
• 2000

We investigated the active oxygen scavenging activity and active compound from Humulus japonicus. The ethyl acetate and butanol fraction exhibited strong scavenging effects on hydroxyl radical. Furthermore active compound was isolated and purified using Amberlite XAD-2 column chromatography and preparative HPLC from ethyl acetate fracton, and major compound was identified as a luteolin-7-O-$\beta$-D-glucoside by the MS, UV, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR analyses. Luteolin-7-O-$\beta$-D-glucoside exhibited strong scavenging effect on active oxygens such as superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
• /
• 제2권3호
• /
• pp.187-191
• /
• 2007

The radical scavenging activity of methanol extracts of seaweeds and their active compounds, alginic acid, fucoidan and phloroglucinol, were investigated under in vitro. Among methanol extracts of seaweeds (sea mustard, sea tangle, seaweed papulosa, fusiforme, sea lettuce, purple laver and chlorella), seaweed papulosa and sea tangle showed strong scavenging activities of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and hydroxyl radical (${\cdot}OH$). In addition, under in vitro, the scavenging activities on DPPH radical of alginic acid and fucoidan, which are active compounds of brown algae, and phloroglucinol, the active compound from Ecklonia species, were evaluated and compared. Fucoidan and phloroglucinol showed strong DPPH scavenging effect, in particular, phloroglucinol had strongest activity among the active compounds. On the other hand, alginic acid did not exert DPPH scavenging activity. From the present study, we could confirm the antioxidative activity of seaweeds and its active compounds.

• Journal of Photoscience
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.138-141
• /
• 2002

A photo-labile compound which is bioinactive but, upon irradiation with light, yields bioactive species is called as "caged compound". Photolysis of caged compounds generating bioactive species, has become a general method to produce a desired amounts of bioactive species in the specific time interval at the desired place or area of the target biological systems. For this purpose, we designed and synthesized caged hydroxyl radical., "Photo-Fenton Reagent" NP-IIl. NP-IIl has a strong absorption maximum at 377 nm and yields hydroxyl radicals upon UV light irradiation. The antioxidant activity of the ${\alpha}$ -lipoic acid and other naturally occurring compounds has been examined by using NP-IIl as a molecular probe. For example, upon photoirradiation of NP-lII with BSA or apolipoprotein of human low density (LDL), the significant oxidative modifications were observed in both cases. The oxidation was completely suppressed in the presence of ${\alpha}$-lipoic acid, which clearly demonstrates the strong hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of ${\alpha}$-lipoic acid. Other applications of NP-lII will also be described

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.197-209
• /
• 2004

The study was aimed at evaluating the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of methanol extract of Caesalpinia bonducella leaves (MECB) (Family: Caesalpiniaceae). The effect of MECB on antioxidant activity, reducing power, free radical scavenging (DPPH radical, nitric oxide radical, superoxide anion radical, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging), total phenolic content and antimicrobial activities were studied. The antioxidant activity of MECB increased in a dose dependent manner. About 50, 100, 250 and 500 g of MECB showed 53.4, 61.2, 69.1 and 76.2 % inhibition respectively on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion. Like antioxidant activity, the effect of MECB on reducing power increased in a dose dependent manner. The free radical scavenging activity of MECB was determined by DPPH radical scavenging method. The potency of this activity was increased with increased amount of extract. MECB was found to inhibit the nitric oxide radicals generated from sodium nitroprusside $(IC_{50}\;=\;102.8\;g/ml)$ whereas the $IC_{50}$ value of curcumin was 20.4 g/ml. Moreover, the MECB was found to scavenge the superoxide generated by photoreduction of Riboflavin. MECB was also found to inhibit the hydroxyl radical generated by Fenton reaction, where the $IC_{50}$ value is 104.17 g/ml compared with catechin 5 g/ml, which indicates the antioxidant activity of MECB. The MECB capable of scavenging hydrogen peroxide in a concentration-dependent manner. The amounts of total phenolic compounds were also determined. Antimicrobial activities of MECB were carried out using disc diffusion methods with five Gram positive, four Gram negative and four fungal species. The results obtained in the present study indicate that MECB leaves are potential source of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.