• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.628-635
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• 2016

Natural gas reformed hydrogen is used as a fuel of fuel cell vehicle, PSA process is used for the purification of reformed hydrogen. In this study, the performance of CO adsorbent in PSA process was evaluated. Zeolite adsorbents used in the commercial PSA process is used. The physical and chemical properties of adsorbents were characterized using BET apparatus, XRD, and FE-SEM. The breakthrough apparatus modified from GC was used for the CO breakthrough experiment, the quantitative analysis of CO adsorption capacity was performed using CO breakthrough curve. Zeolite 10X and 13X showed superior CO adsorption capacity than activated alumina. The CO adsorption capacity of zeolite 10X is more than twice of zeolite 13X even the BET surface area is low. It seems that the presence of $Ca^{2+}$ cation in zeolite 10X is beneficial to the adsorption of CO.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.158-166
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• 2010

The purification of two liquid phases ($H_2SO_4$ phase and HIx phase) formed from a Bunsen reaction in Sulfur-Iodine (SI) hydrogen production process was investigated in order to operate SI process efficiently. The each synthetic solution for two liquid phases contained impurities was prepared on the basis of a proper composition obtained from Bunsen reaction. The purification of each solution was performed by counter-current flow using a packed column at different temperatures and $N_2$ flow rates. As the results of purification, impurities existed in each phase were decreased with increasing the temperature and the $N_2$ flow rate. In particular, the increase of the $N_2$ flow rate at the lower temperatures was effective to remove impurities by a reverse Bunsen reaction without side reactions. On the whole, it may be concluded that the purification of each phase is accomplished by mixing effects of the stripping, the evaporation, and the reverse Bunsen reaction.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2021

Pressure swing adsorption is a purification process which can get pure hydrogen. The purification process is composed of four process: compression, adsorption, desorption and discharge. In this study the adsorption process was simulated by using the Fluent and validated with experimental results. A gas used in experiment is composed of H₂, CO₂, CH₄, and CO. Adsorption process conducted under 313 kelvin and 3 bar and bituminous-coal-based (BPL) activated carbon was used as the adsorbent. Langmuir model was applied to explain the gas adsorption. And diffusion of all the gases was controlled by micro-pore resistances. The result shows that, the most adsorbed gas was carbon dioxide, followed by methane and carbon monoxide. And carbon monoxide took the least amount of time to reach the maximum adsorption amount. The molar fraction of the off-gas became the same as the molar fraction of the gas supplied from the inlet after adsorption reached the equilibrium.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.7-19
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• 2022

일반적으로 수소의 정제는 화학적, 물리적인 방법을 통해 수행한다. 여러 종류의 정제방법 중 현재는 정제 용량 및 경제성이 가장 우수한 PSA(Pressure Swing Adsorption)를 이용한 정제방법이 가장 널리 사용되고 있다. 국내도 대부분 PSA를 이용하여 자동차 및 발전용 수소 연료전지 등에 사용하는 수소를 정제하고 있다. 기존 석유화학 단지중심의 부생수소는 운송 등의 어려움이 있다. 정부는 도시가스 공급망과 연계하여 소비지에서 직접 수소를 생산하는 수소추출기 설치 계획하고 있으며, 기업들도 이와 관련된 연구 및 실증 설비를 속속 설치하고 있는 실정이다. 유럽 등은 최근 PSA와 관련된 안전기준을 마련하여 시공 및 운영단계에서 체계적인 안전관리를 위한 노력을 기울이고 있으나, 국내는 PSA와 관련된 안전기준 마련이 아직까지는 미흡하다. 본 연구에서는 기존 PSA를 운영하고 있는 회사의 설문 및 위험성평가를 통해 기존설비의 문제점을 파악하고, 국외 기술기준에 이를 포함한 국내 기술기준을 작성하여 신규설치 및 기존 운영되고 있는 PSA시스템의 안전을 도모하고자 한다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.110-115
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• 2023

부생가스 발생 및 이용현황보고서(2015)에 따르면 철강 사업에서 나오는 부생가스는 국내 연간 8,000만톤으로 추정된다. 이를 정제할 경우 다량의 수소 생산이 가능하여 수소 정제시설과 관련해 활발한 연구 개발이 진행 중이다. 본 연구에서는 부생가스 기반 수소 정제시설의 구성요소를 분석하고 위험요인을 조사하여 정량적 위험성 평가(QRA)를 실시하였다. 위험도 분석 결과는 허용 가능 수준으로 도출되었으며 수소의 위험성을 고려한 시설물의 안전성 향상을 위한 기초자료로 활용할 예정이다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2023

A fuel handling process combined with a pressure swing adsorption system (PSA) was simulated to produce pure hydrogen with a purity greater than 99.97%. The simulation consists of two parts. The fuel processing part consisting of reformer and water-gas shift reaction was simulated with Aspen plus^®, and the hydrogen purification part consisting of PSA was simulated with Aspen Adsorption^®. In this study, the effect of reformer temperature and pressure on the total hydrogen production yield was investigated. Simulations were performed over a temperature range of 700 to 1,000℃ and a pressure range of 1 to 10 bar. The total hydrogen production yield increased with increasing temperature and decreasing pressure. The maximum hydrogen yield was less than 50% in the simulation and will be lower in the real process.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.164-170
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• 2007

The Tancheon wastewater treatment plant(WWTP) in Seoul using anaerobic digestion to reduce the outlet sludge produces anaerobic digester gas which contains 65% $CH_4$ and 35% $CO_2$. The gas purification equipment was installed and operated to use Anaerobic Digester Gas(ADG) as a fuel for molten carbonate fuel cell(MCFC). The processes consist of the desulfurizer and the adsorption tower to remove $H_2S$ and siloxane in the gas. The gas purification equipment removed virtually over 95% of $H_2S$ and over 99% of siloxane. Results has demonstrated that the fuel cell can produce electrical output and hot water with negligible air emissions of CO, NOx and $SO_2$. The site provides the first opportunity in Korea for demonstrating Molten carbonate fuel cell(MCFC) which the digester gas was applied to the fuel gas.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.135-143
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• 2016

Biogas is a renewable fuel from anaerobic digestion of organic matters such as sewage sludge, manure and food waste. Raw biogas consists mainly of methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and water. Biogas may also contain other impurities such as siloxanes, halogenated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons. Efficient power technologies such as fuel cell demand ultra-low concentration of containments in the biogas feed, imposing stringent requirements on fuel purification technology. Biogas is upgraded from pressure swing adsorption after biogas purification process which consists of water, $H_2S$ and siloxane removal. A polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell power plant is designed to operate on reformate produced from upgraded biogas by steam reformer.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.286-300
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• 2016

Pd-Ag alloy membranes have attracted a great deal of attention for their use in hydrogen purification and separation due to their high theoretical permeability, infinite selectivity and chemical compatibility with hydro-carbon containing gas streams. For commercial application, Pd-based membranes for hydrogen purification and separation need not only a high perm-selectivity but also a stable long-term durability. However, it has been difficult to fabricate thin, dense Pd-Ag alloy membranes on a porous stainless steel metal support with surface pores free and a stable diffusion barrier for preventing metallic diffusion from the porous stainless steel support. In this study, thin Pd-Ag alloy membranes were prepared by advanced Pd/Ag/Pd/Ag/Pd multi-layer sputter deposition on the modified porous stainless steel support using rough polishing/$ZrO_2$ powder filling and micro-polishing surface treatment, and following Ag up-filling heat treatment. Because the modified Pd-Ag alloy membranes using rough polishing/$ZrO_2$ powder filling method demonstrate high hydrogen permeability as well as diffusion barrier efficiency, it leads to the performance improvement in hydrogen perm-selectivity. Our membranes, therefore, are expected to be applicable to industrial fields for hydrogen purification and separation owing to enhanced functionality, durability and metal support/Pd alloy film integration.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.220-227
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper is, based on the theoretical background of the principle of gas purification and absorption, and the absorbing ability of metals, to syudy the efficiency of gas purification of inorganic gases using Zr alloys, so as to contribute to the IT industry. To produce and distribute gas with high purity and ultra-high purity, different types of gas purifier are currently being used: distillation type, getter type, catalyst type, absorption at low-temperature type, and membrane separation equipment. From the different purification methods mentioned above, the getter type gas purifier is capable of not only high performance and capacity but also P.O.U(Point Of Use) method. The key of the getter type gas purifier is its efficiency of gas purification, which is the subject chosen for this study.