• Title/Summary/Keyword: hydrogen peroxide

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Dual effect of curcumin on viability and motility of bovine sperm exposed to oxidative stress (산화스트레스에 노출된 정자의 생존성 및 운동성에 있어서 커큐민의 이중효과)

  • Hwa, Jeong Seok;Kim, Eun-Jin;Ryu, Ji Hyeon;Siregar, Adrian S.;Park, Chang Yoon;Choe, Changyong;Kang, Dawon
    • Journal of Embryo Transfer
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    • v.31 no.3
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    • pp.299-305
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    • 2016
  • Although cryopreservation of sperm is routinely used for clinical requirement, it has some problems, such as high generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cold-shock. To reduce the detrimental damage in sperm, anti-oxidants were added to cryoprotectant for sperm. Curcumin is one of anti-oxidants, which are added in cryoprotectants. However, recent studies have demonstrated that curcumin decreases sperm viability and motility. This study was performed to identify the effect of curcumin on hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$)-exposed bovine sperm, which were cryopreserved-thawed. In $H_2O_2$-exposed bovine sperm, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were significantly reduced by treatment with curcumin in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Among tested concentrations of curcumin (1 to $50{\mu}M$), 30 and $50{\mu}M$ curcumin showed anti-oxidant effect on $H_2O_2$-induced ROS generation. On the other hand, combination of 30 or $50{\mu}M$ curcumin with anti-oxidant $H_2O_2$ increased the percentage of apoptotic sperm compared to only $H_2O_2$ treatment. Sperm viability was also decreased in the combination of 30 or $50{\mu}M$ curcumin with $H_2O_2$ as judged by FDA/PI staining. $H_2O_2$-induced decrease in sperm progressive motility was recovered by treatment with $1{\mu}M$ curcumin. These results show that high concentration of curcumin has anti-oxidant effect, but it has also cytotoxic effect on bovine sperm. Sperm viability and motility might be more affected by cytotoxic signals of curcumin compared to antioxidant signals.

Anti-oxidative Activity of Five Plant Extracts including Apios fortune, Colubrina arborescens, Croton caudatus, Osmanthus matsumuranus and Schima noronhae (Apios fortunei, Colubrina arborescens, Croton caudatus, Osmanthus matsumuranus, 그리고 Schima noronhae를 포함하는 5종 식물 추출물의 항산화 활성)

  • Lee, Su Hyeon;Jin, Kyong-Suk;Kwon, Hyun Ju;Kim, Byung Woo
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.28 no.9
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    • pp.1092-1099
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    • 2018
  • This study was orchestrated with the purpose of uncovering new nutraceutical resources possessing biological activities in the plant kingdom. To fulfill our objective, we analyzed several plant extracts and selected five species possessing powerful anti-oxidative activity. The anti-oxidative effect of these five plants, Apios fortunei Maxim., Colubrina arborescens Sarg., Croton caudatus Geiseler, Osmanthus matsumuranus Hayata and Schima noronhae Reinw. ethanol extracts were then evaluated by using in vitro assay, cell model system, and Western blot analysis of target proteins. As the results, all of them possessed the potent scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), similar with that of ascorbic acid, used as a common positive control. Moreover, they strongly inhibited hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), in a dose-dependent manner, in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. Furthermore, they induced the protein expression of an anti-oxidative enzyme, heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and its upstream transcription factor, nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Taken together, these results indicate that these five plants possess potent anti-oxidative activity and thus appear to be useful sources as potential anti-oxidant agents. Therefore, they might be utilized as promising materials in the field of nutraceuticals.

Effects of Salvia plebeia R. Br. on Antioxidative Enzyme Activities and Oxidative Damage in Rats Fed High-Fat and High-Cholesterol Diets (곰보배추섭취가 고지방과 고콜레스테롤 식이 랫드에서의 항산화 효소활성 및 산화적 손상에 미치는 영향)

  • Song, Won-Yeong;Choi, Jeong-Hwa
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.316-323
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of Salvia Plebia R. Br. (SP) powder on the antioxidative defense system and oxidative stress in rats which were fed a high fat high cholesterol diet. Accordingly, the rats were divided into four experimental groups which were composed of a high fat high cholesterol diet group (HF), HF diet with 5% SP powder supplemented group (PA), a HF diet with 10% SP powder supplemented group (PB), and a normal group (N). Consequently, the hepatic catalase activity of the HF group was decreased compared to the normal group (N), but it is recorded that of the PA and PB groups were significantly increased. With this in mind, the PA and PB groups resulted in the case of significantly increased activities of hepatic GSH-px and SOD. The hepatic superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide contents of the PA and PB groups were significantly decreased, as compared to the HF group. The GOT and GPT activities of the PB group were also significantly decreased when thus compared to the HF group. Notably, the carbonyl values contents of the PA and PB groups were significantly reduced compared to the HF group. The hepatic TBARS values in the liver were significantly reduced as measured in the PA and PB groups. These results suggest that the SP powder may reduce the incidence of oxidative damage, by the activation of an antioxidative enzyme in rats fed with high fat high cholesterol diets.

Ethanolic Extract of Oryza sativa Displays Antioxidative Activity and Promotes Melanin Synthesis (현미 주정 추출물의 항산화 활성 및 melanin 합성 촉진 효과)

  • Jeon, Sojeong;Kim, Moon-Moo
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.28 no.8
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    • pp.908-916
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    • 2018
  • Hair loses melanin with aging, which leads to hair graying. The change in hair color is caused by a reduction in tyrosinase activity and an accumulation of hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) in hair follicles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ethanolic extract of Oryza sativa (OREE) on melanin production and antioxidative activity in B16F1 cells. In this study, OREE showed low DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power. However, it displayed a strong antioxidative effect against intracellular $H_2O_2$ in live cells. OREE did not inhibit DOPA oxidation activity in vitro, but it increased tyrosinase activity at a concentration of $64{\mu}g/ml$. OREE at a concentration higher than $32{\mu}g/ml$ showed cell toxicity in B16F1 cells. However, OREE at a concentration higher than $8{\mu}g/ml$ not only increased melanin synthesis in a dose-dependent manner in B16F1 cells but also increased melanin synthesis in cells treated with $H_2O_2$ inhibiting melanin synthesis. To confirm the effect of OREE on melanin production, Western blot analysis was performed. The results revealed that OREE increased the expression levels of tyrosine hydroxylase and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2) involved in melanin production in the $H_2O_2$-treated cells in which melanin production was inhibited. The findings suggest that OREE could improve melanin synthesis and be available for development of hair cosmetics aimed at improving melanin production.

Effective Coagulation and Fenton Reagent Oxidation of Effluent from Biological Landfill Leachate Treatment (생물학적 처리 침출수의 응집 및 펜톤산화 처리)

  • Won, Jong-Choul;Namkoong, Wan;Park, Ki-Hyuk;Cho, Joon-Ho;Yoon, Cho-Hee
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.811-817
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    • 2000
  • The objectives of this study are to determine optimal operation condition of chemical coagulation with ferric chloride($FeCl_3$) and fenton reagent oxidation for effluents of a biological denitrification treatment and an existing lagoon treatment of landfill leachate, and to investigate the effect of alkalinity on fenton oxidation. In jar-tester, optimum dosage of ferric chloride for removal of COD was $1,500mgFe^{3+}/L$, removal efficiencies of $COD_{Cr}$ and $COD_{Mn}$ under this condition were about 55% and 64%, respectively. After chemical precipitation($1,500mgFe^{3+}/L$) of biological treatment effluent, optimum $Fe^{2+}/H_2O_2$ ratio of fenton oxidation was 1.5, the maximum removal efficiency of COD was about 80%, and optimum dosages of ferrous sulfate and hydrogen peroxide were $600mgFe^{2+}/L$ and $400mgH_2O_2/L$, respectively. The removal efficiency of COD was decreased as alkalinity was increased.

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Characterization of Antioxidants Extracted from Leaves of Sanjook(Sasa boreails var. chiisanensis) (산죽잎으로 부터 추출한 항산화물질의 특성)

  • Yoo Mi-Young;Park Sung-Hee;Kang Young-Mo;Yang Ji-Young
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.15 no.5 s.72
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    • pp.796-801
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    • 2005
  • For usage of natural antioxidants, sanjook (Sasa boreails var. chiisanensis) leaves were extracted with methanol and investigated about its antioxidative activities and stability. It showed that the antioxidant activity of methanol extracts from the leaves of sanjook depend on their concentration within range of 0.1 to 0.8 mg/ml. The methanol extracts from the leaves of sanjook represented $583{\mu}g/ml$ for $IC_{50}$ of DPPH radical scavenging ability, $800{\mu}g/ml$for $IC_{50}$ of SOD-like activity and $38{\mu}g/ml$for $IC_{50}$ of $H_{2} O_{2}$ scavenging ability, while BHT, as a compared substance, was $271{\mu}g/ml$ for $IC_{50}$ of DPPH radical scavenging ability, $680{\mu}g/ml$ for $IC_{50}$ of SOD-like activity and $30{\mu}g/ml$ for $IC_{50}$ of $H_{2} O_{2}$ scavenging ability, respectively. The anti-au-toxidation effect for methanol extracts from the leaves of sajook was $55\∼60\%$ within range of 0.1 to 0.8 mg/ml. The pH stability on methanol extracts from the leaves of sanjook was most stable at pH 6. The more acid or akali it became, the more unstable it turned. The thermostability on methanol extracts from the leaves of sanjook remained above $80\%$ of their DPPH activity at range of $0^{\circ}C{\;}to{\;}120^{\circ}$.

Bacteriocidal Effect of Chamical Sanitizers on Natural Microflora and Pathogenic Bacteria in Fish (화학적 살균소독제를 활용한 생선중 존재하는 자연균총 및 주요 식중독균 제어)

  • Kim Il-Jin;Kim Yong-Soo;Ha Sang-Do
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.65-69
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    • 2006
  • In this study, we evaluated bacteriocidal effect of CaO (scallop shell powder) for the reduction of microorganism in Scomber japonicus and Pseudosciaena ciean manchurica, and compared with main chemical sanitizers such as chlorine, ethanol, hydrogen peroxide. As a result, the effectiveness of CaO showed dramatic reduction rate for total aerobic bacteria, Escherichia coli and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The reduction rates of total aerobic bacteria for Scomber japonicus and Pseudosciaena ciean manchurica showed $2.6{\times}10^3\;and\;3.2{\times}10^4$ respectively; Those of Escherichia Coli were $6.3{\times}10^3\;and\;1.2{\times}10^4$, those of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were $5.4{\times}10^4\;and\;5.6{\times}\2.6{\times}10^310^4$, respectively. According to this result, bacteriocidal effect of CaO was about $10^4$ and was similar to bacteriocidal effects of other three chemical sanitizers. According to these results, CaO can alternate the currently used chemical sanitizers due to its natural origin as well as the effectiveness for sterilization.

Protective Effect of Nitric Oxide against Oxidative Stress under UV-B Radiation in Maize Leaves (UV-B 조사시 옥수수 잎의 산화적 스트레스에 대한 Nitric Oxide의 보호효과)

  • Kim, Tae-Yun;Jo, Myung-Hwan;Hong, Jung-Hee
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.19 no.12
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    • pp.1323-1334
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    • 2010
  • The effect of nitric oxide (NO) on antioxidant system and protective mechanism against oxidative stress under UV-B radiation was investigated in leaves of maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings during 3 days growth period. UV-B irradiation caused a decrease of leaf biomass including leaf length, width and weight during growth. Application of NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), significantly alleviated UV-B stress induced growth suppression. NO donor permitted the survival of more green leaf tissue preventing chlorophyll content reduction and of higher quantum yield for photosystem II than in non-treated controls under UV-B stress, suggesting that NO has protective effect on chloroplast membrane in maize leaves. Flavonoids and anthocyanin, UV-B absorbing compounds, were significantly accumulated in the maize leaves upon UV-B exposure. Moreover, the increase of these compounds was intensified in the NO treated seedlings. UV-B treatment resulted in lipid peroxidation and induced accumulation of hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) in maize leaves, while NO donor prevented UV-B induced increase in the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and $H_2O_2$. These results demonstrate that NO serves as antioxidant agent able to scavenge $H_2O_2$ to protect plant cells from oxidative damage. The activities of two antioxidant enzymes that scavenge reactive oxygen species, catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in maize leaves in the presence of NO donor under UV-B stress were higher than those under UV-B stress alone. Application of 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3- oxide (PTIO), a specific NO scavenger, to the maize leaves arrested NO donor mediated protective effect on leaf growth, photosynthetic pigment and free radical scavenging activity. However, PTIO had little effect on maize leaves under UV-B stress compared with that of UV-B stress alone. $N^{\omega}$-nitro-L-arginine (LNNA), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), significantly increased $H_2O_2$ and MDA accumulation and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities in maize leaves under UV-B stress. This demonstrates that NOS inhibitor LNNA has opposite effects on oxidative resistance. From these results it is suggested that NO might act as a signal in activating active oxygen scavenging system that protects plants from oxidative stress induced by UV-B radiation and thus confer UV-B tolerance.

Effects of Pueraria thunbergiana Bentham Water Extracts on Hepatic Alcohol Metabolic Enzyme System In Rats (칡 열수추출물이 흰쥐의 알콜올 대사효소계에 미치는 영향)

  • 김명주;이정수;하오명;장주연;조수열
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.92-97
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    • 2002
  • The effects of Pueraria flos (PF) and Pueraria radix (PR) water extract on the hepatic alcohol metabolic enzyme activities were examined in rats that were orally administered ethanol (25% v/v, 5g/kg body weight/day) for 5 weeks. The PF and PR water extract were supplemented in a diet, based on 1.2 g or 2.4 g of raw PF or PR/kg body weight/body. Alcohol administration without the PF or PR supplementation significantly decreased net weight gain, feed intake and feed efficiency ratio. However. both dose of the PF of PR supplementation resulted in significant enhancement of growth and suppression of increased relative weight of liver, brain and heart by alcohol administration. Activities of hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase and microsomal ethanol oxidizing system were higher in the alcohol treated group than in the normal group, while aldehyde dehydrogenase activity was significantly lowered in the alcohol treated group. The hepatic metabolic enzyme activities altered by alcohol administration were normalized by both doses of PF or PR supplement. Hepatic monoamine oxidase activity and hydrogen peroxide, which were significantly higher in the alcohol treated group than in the normal group, were also decreased by the supplementation with either PF or PR. These results indicate that low-or high-supplementation of either water extract PF or PR may alleviate ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity by altering alcohol metabolic enzyme activities.

Dexmedetomidine attenuates H2O2-induced cell death in human osteoblasts

  • Yoon, Ji-Young;Park, Jeong-Hoon;Kim, Eun-Jung;Park, Bong-Soo;Yoon, Ji-Uk;Shin, Sang-Wook;Kim, Do-Wan
    • Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.295-302
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    • 2016
  • Background: Reactive oxygen species play critical roles in homeostasis and cell signaling. Dexmedetomidine, a specific agonist of the ${\alpha}2$-adrenoceptor, has been commonly used for sedation, and it has been reported to have a protective effect against oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated whether dexmedetomidine has a protective effect against $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress and the mechanism of $H_2O_2$-induced cell death in normal human fetal osteoblast (hFOB) cells. Methods: Cells were divided into three groups: control group-cells were incubated in normoxia without dexmedetomidine, hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) group-cells were exposed to $H_2O_2$ ($200{\mu}M$) for 2 h, and Dex/$H_2O_2$ group-cells were pretreated with dexmedetomidine ($5{\mu}M$) for 2 h then exposed to $H_2O_2$ ($200{\mu}M$) for 2 h. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated. Osteoblast maturation was determined by assaying bone nodular mineralization. Expression levels of bone-related proteins were determined by western blot. Results: Cell viability was significantly decreased in the $H_2O_2$ group compared with the control group, and this effect was improved by dexmedetomidine. The Hoechst 33342 and Annexin-V FITC/PI staining revealed that dexmedetomidine effectively decreased $H_2O_2$-induced hFOB cell apoptosis. Dexmedetomidine enhanced the mineralization of hFOB cells when compared to the $H_2O_2$ group. In western blot analysis, bone-related protein was increased in the Dex/$H_2O_2$ group. Conclusions: We demonstrated the potential therapeutic value of dexmedetomidine in $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress by inhibiting apoptosis and enhancing osteoblast activity. Additionally, the current investigation could be evidence to support the antioxidant potential of dexmedetomidine in vitro.