• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제31권7호
• /
• pp.1017-1035
• /
• 2018

The European Union (EU) is the world's third largest producer of beef. This contributes to the economy, rural development, social life, culture and gastronomy of Europe. The diversity of breeds, animal types (cows, bulls, steers, heifers) and farming systems (intensive, extensive on permanent or temporary pastures, mixed, breeders, feeders, etc) is a strength, and a weakness as the industry is often fragmented and poorly connected. There are also societal concerns regarding animal welfare and environmental issues, despite some positive environmental impacts of farming systems. The EU is amongst the most efficient for beef production as demonstrated by a relative low production of greenhouse gases. Due to regional differences in terms of climate, pasture availability, livestock practices and farms characteristics, productivity and incomes of beef producers vary widely across regions, being among the lowest of the agricultural systems. The beef industry is facing unprecedented challenges related to animal welfare, environmental impact, origin, authenticity, nutritional benefits and eating quality of beef. These may affect the whole industry, especially its farmers. It is therefore essential to bring the beef industry together to spread best practice and better exploit research to maintain and develop an economically viable and sustainable beef industry. Meeting consumers' expectations may be achieved by a better prediction of beef palatability using a modelling approach, such as in Australia. There is a need for accurate information and dissemination on the benefits and issues of beef for human health and for environmental impact. A better objective description of goods and services derived from livestock farming is also required. Putting into practice "agroecology" and organic farming principles are other potential avenues for the future. Different future scenarios can be written depending on the major driving forces, notably meat consumption, climate change, environmental policies and future organization of the supply chain.

• 한국건축시공학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.29-34
• /
• 2011

성능중심의 건축재료설계 수행과정에서 어떤 성능에 대한 시험 방법이 복수 존재할 경우 최적 대안 선택에 필요한 시험방법 DB 기반구축의 일환으로, 인체충돌시 바닥의 안전성을 예로서 시험방법간의 연관성을 분석하였다. 8종류의 바닥시험체를 대상으로 EN 1177의 한계하강높이 시험과 JIS A 6519의 헤드모델 시험을 적용한 결과, 주로 바닥의 강성(쿠션) 크기에 따라 각 시험방법의 적용상 한계가 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 시험을 통해 측정하는 물리량 단위가 같은 경우라도 시험방법간 연관성이 불분명한 상태에서는 각각의 물리량이 호환되지 않는다는 것을 알수 있었다.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.315-320
• /
• 1998

In vitro skin iritation of anti-inflammatory drugs was investigated in terms of the cytotoxicity method to human skin fibroblast cells. Five anti-inflammatory drugs (Diclofenac, Naproxen, Meclofenamic acid, Ibuprofen and Fnoprofen) which are commercially available as oral preparations or injections were tested. The cytotoxicity of 5 chemicals was evaluated by using MTT[tetrazolium salt 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay. NRU (neutral red uptake) assay and Alamar Blue assay after fibroblast cells had been exposed to the chemicals for 24 hours or 489 hours. The $IC_{50}$ values of the chemicals showed the comparative strength of cytotoxicity as following order of Meclofenamic acid>Diclofenac>Fenoprofen>Ibuprofen>Naproxen. The values of $IC_{50}$ determined by Alamar Blue assay were lower than those of MTT and NRU assay. These data suggest Alamar Blue assay can be useful method for assessing in vitro skin irritation potential of anti-inflammatory drugs.

• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2005

G. B. LEE, A. S. GWON, The Research for Using methodof GRF (Ground Reaction Force) on Rotational Movement in Arabesque. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp.1-10, 2005. As, in relation to all movements of a human being, the movements such as mutually walking, running, rotating, and jumping are attained endlessly through the ground amid the interaction with the ground, in terms of the harmonious movement of the upper limbs and the lower limbs, related to the basic movement in ballet, the type of a movement depends on the size and direction of the force that presses down the ground (Fz, Fx, Fy) amid the interaction with the ground. Therefore, aiming to correctly and efficiently perform a rotational movement in Arabesque, this study analyzed factors of the force manifestation through GRF (Ground Reaction Force), by dividing into preparing, stepping, standing, rotating, and finishing stages (events (1) ${\sim}$ (5)), targeting the subjects of 4 elite female students who majored in ballet. 1. At the No.5 position of the preparing stage, It is necessary that support the ground with left and right foot balance, 2. As the stepping stage is the phase ranging from the event (2), in which a plie movement of bending a knee is started, to the event (3) of stretching a knee, Rebunding motion is not good, and One have a position with ankle and knee flextion condition in order to stretch strengthly in event (3) position 3. At the event (1) position, It is necessary that exert the Fz reaction force at the event (3) position. Because large stretch force help to have a toe on position easily and show a active motion 4. In order to have a stand and rotation motion smoothly, One need a muscle strength training for ankle extension, knee extension, control horizental force

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제11권8호
• /
• pp.223-228
• /
• 2020

아름다운 헤어스타일을 위하여 건강한 모발을 꾸준히 관리해야 할 필요성이 강하게 대두(擡頭)되고 있으며, 시대적 요구에 따라 인체에 무해(無害)한 천연 항산화 물질을 활용한 모발 화장품 개발이 필요한 시점이다. 이에 매우 탁월한 생리활성 성분이 이미 입증된 은행잎(Ginkgo biloba L.) 추출물을 도포 한 모발에 대한 최대 하중, 최대 인장강도, 최대 신장률, 파단 하중, 파단강도, 파단 신장률, 구간에 따른 Max. modulus와 Tangential modulus 값 등 다양한 융합적인 물성(物性)실험을 하였다. 연구 결과 은행잎 추출물을 도포 한 모발은 대조군에 비하여 인장강도를 포함한 고유 물성값이 전반적으로 증가하였다. 본 연구를 통해 은행잎이 기존 출시된 건강보조식품이나 의약품뿐만 아니라 퍼머넌트 웨이브 제재와 같은 모발 화장품의 유용한 재료로서의 가능성에 대해 연구를 하고자 하며, 다양한 모발 화장품의 후속개발을 위한 유용한 연구자료로 제공되기를 기대한다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.17-26
• /
• 2006

As fashion is a reflection of a way of life, jean fashion seems to be a reflection of the background and process of social-human psychology. Modern jeans reflect personality and trend rather than traditional practicality as indicated by the concept and emphasis of fashion. Since the early 1990s, practical use of jeans has appeared consistently in products for interior use, various kinds of fashion-ware and fashion properties, as well as in fashion that is a conversion and interpretation of an outstanding fashion trend. And the search, providing that various symbols of jeans are sensualism, deviation, ostentation, amusement and multi-culture, shows that jeans represent the multifarious aspects of fashion culture. For the purpose and necessity of this search to meet different consumers' desires by the practical use of jeans and the development of fashion-ware. First, investigate the trend of jeans in 2005. Second, try to change the various uses of jeans by reflecting the trend of jeans. Finally, extend the range of choice by developing various goods. As a result, basic jeans have the strength of function, activity, and originality. Use of ornamental jeans can fully show their value as well as their emphasis of individuality in beauty. If we consider these points, we can minimize the limitations of jeans and make a practical use of the fashion trend, If we make the function of jeans stand out through the use of varieties of materials, the modem characteristic consumption will be met by the various change of use as well as by the clothes.

• 한국가스학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 2006

종종 사고들의 직접적인 원인은 인적오류 또는 기술적인 결함이지만, Three Mile Island, Chemobyl 그리고 Kings Cross사고와 같은 중대산업사고의 조사 분석결과에 따르면 직접적인 사고원인이 아닌 다른 원인과 관계가 있다는 것을 알 수 있다. 즉, 이들 사고들은 안전문화를 광범위하고 충분하게 고려하지 않아 발생하였으며 조직의 안전문화를 연구하는 것이 매우 복잡하고 어렵지만 안전문화를 조성하는 표준화에 대한 필요성을 십분 부각시켰다. 이 논문은 화학산업과 같은 위험성이 높은 산업에서 관리자와 근로자의 환경적 태도 및 행동과 관련한 안전문화 측정에 중점을 두었다. 아울러 문헌조사를 통해 화학공정 산업뿐만 아니라 위험성이 높은 산업의 안전문화 수준을 측정할 수 있는 공정안전문화 측정항목 및 점수화 도구를 개발하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국조명전기설비학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.167-169
• /
• 2005

생활체육(life-time sports)은 태어나서 죽을 때까지 평생에 걸친 체육 스포츠 활동을 일상생활 내용으로 하는 것이다. 생활체육의 주목적은 신체활동의 부족, 자기표현의 기회상실, 인간관계 등과 관련하여 신체활동을 통해 체력을 단련하고 생황에 활력을 가져 보다 밝고 풍요한 생활을 영위하는 데 있으며 국내 생활수준의 향상에 힘입어 향후 생활체육시설은 급증 할 것으로 예측된다. 이러한 이유로 본 논문에서는 생활체육시설이 주로 옥외에 설치되어 있어 야간에 시설을 이용 할 경우 필수적 시설인 조명설비에 대한 실제 설계의 예(춘천 공지천 공원)를 들고 이를 통하여 타 지역의 생활체육시설의 조명계획과 설계에 도움이 되도록 제시하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제14권11호
• /
• pp.620-627
• /
• 2014

현시대의 사회적 환경은 디지털화되고 있으며, 미디어의 발전으로 대중들은 아날로그보다 디지털에 익숙해지고 있다. 그러한 사회 구조 속에서 대두되고 있는 미디어아트는 다양한 작업방식 중에서 프로젝션 매핑방식이 많이 활용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 'Cloned Me' 작품을 바탕으로 프로젝션 매핑 작품 구현 과정에 대해 논하고자 한다. 음악을 가시화한 영상 콘텐츠를 제작하고 철 구조물 위에 프로젝션 매핑으로 영상 콘텐츠를 투사하는 방식으로 작품이 구현된다. 스토리를 담은 오브제를 제작하고 그 위에 프로젝션 매핑 방식으로 영상 콘텐츠를 투사함으로써 기존의 미디어 파사드와 차별성을 가진다. 오브제와 콘텐츠 사이를 연결하는 스토리와 구성이 존재하고 상호보완적 수정이 용이하다는 것이 장점이다. 프로젝션이 투사되는 면이 사각형의 고정된 프레임에서 벗어나 독특한 구조를 이룬다. 복제가 가능한 디지털 기술이 발전한 현시대의상을 반영해주는 작품이라는 점에서 의의를 지닌다.

• 대한핵의학회지
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.43-49
• /
• 1970

In recent years with development of immuno-electrophoresis, more acurate analysis of the serum protein became possible. However, there is few reports in the literature which investigated the changes of the immunoglobulin compared with electrophoretically fractioned serum thyroglobulin in the patients with various thyroid diseases. The purpose of this report is to investigate the changes of thyroglobulin in various thyroid diseases by the method of immuno-electrophoresis and to compare the results with.serum protein fractionated by the method of agar-gel micro-electrophoresis. Materials and Methods: Sera from 9 patients with diffuse toxic goiter, 2 nodular nontoxic goiter, 2 thyroiditis, 3 hypothy, roidism, 1 thyroid cancer, 7 cystic degeneration of the thyroid gland, and 10 normal subject were taken. All cases were confirmed by various laboratory thyroid function tests and thyroid needle biopsy. Immuno-electrophoretic analysis of the serum were performed by Scheidegger's modified micro-immuno-electrophoretic method. The antiserum was obtained from the Travenol Laboratories International, Hyland Products Division and was rabbit anti-human thyroglobulin. Microscope slide agar-gel electrophoresis for serum protein fractionation was performed at $4^{\circ}C$ using veronal buffer, pH 8.6 and ionic strength 0.05, with 54 volts and 2.8 mA for 60 minutes. The fractionated slide was stained with 0.1% thiazine red. The results were as follows: 1) Increase of immune-globulin macroglobulin (IgM), alphaglobulin, and immune-globulin A (IgA) by 95.8%, 100%, 29.2% respectively was found in the serum from various thyroid diseases. 2) Thyroglobulin fraction was found to be increased in 50%, no change in 41.7%, and no line in 8.3% with all of the various goiter patients. On the other hand, 10 normal control group showed only 2 cases of increase, 5 cases of no change and 3 cases of no line.