• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.565-572
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• 2016

Whilst archaeological evidence for many aspects of life in ancient China is well studied, there has been much less interest in ancient infectious diseases, such as intestinal parasites in past Chinese populations. Here, we bring together evidence from mummies, ancient latrines, and pelvic soil from burials, dating from the Neolithic Period to the Qing Dynasty, in order to better understand the health of the past inhabitants of China and the diseases endemic in the region. Seven species of intestinal parasite have been identified, namely roundworm, whipworm, Chinese liver fluke, oriental schistosome, pinworm, Taenia sp. tapeworm, and the intestinal fluke Fasciolopsis buski. It was found that in the past, roundworm, whipworm, and Chinese liver fluke appear to have been much more common than the other species. While roundworm and whipworm remained common into the late 20th century, Chinese liver fluke seems to have undergone a marked decline in its prevalence over time. The iconic transport route known as the Silk Road has been shown to have acted as a vector for the transmission of ancient diseases, highlighted by the discovery of Chinese liver fluke in a 2,000 year-old relay station in northwest China, 1,500 km outside its endemic range.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.291-294
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• 2014

Acanthotrema felis is an intestinal trematode of cats originally reported from the Republic of Korea. Only 1 human case infected with a single adult worm has been previously recorded. In the present study, we report 4 human cases infected with a total of 10 worms recovered after anthelmintic treatment and purging. All 4 patients reside in coastal areas of Jeollanam-do, Korea, and have consumed brackish water fish including the gobies, Acanthogobius flavimanus. The worms averaged 0.47 mm in length and 0.27 mm in width, and had 3 sclerites on the ventrogenital sac; 1 was short and thumb-like, another was long and blunt-ended, and the 3rd was long and broad-tipped. They were identified as A. felis Sohn, Han, & Chai, 2003. Surveys on coastal areas to detect further human cases infected with A. felis are required.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.247-253
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• 2001

Three freshwater snail species of the family Lymnaeidae have been reported from Korea, Radix auricularia coreana, Austropeplea ollula and Fossaria truncatula. Out of 3 lymnaeid snail species, A. ollula was naturally infected with the Echinostoma cinetorchis cercariae (infection rate : 0.7%). In the experiments with the laboratory-bred snails, F. truncatula as well as A. ollula was also susceptible to the E. cinetorchis miracidia with infection rates of 25% and 40%, respectively. All of three lymnaeid snail species exposed to the E. cinetorchis cercariae were infected with the E. cinetorchis metacercariae. It is evident that A. ollula acts as the first molluscan intermediate host of E. cinetorchis in Korea, and F. truncatula may be a possible candidate for the first intermediate host of this intestinal fluke. Also, three lymnaeid snail species targeted were experimentally infected with E. cinetorchis metacercariae.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.61-64
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• 1988

Echinostoma cineterchis(Trematoda: Echinostomatidae)의 인체감염 1예를 praziquantel 투여후 수집된 성충으로 확인하고 국내 계 4례로 기록하였다. 환자에서 이 흡충 감염과 관련된 특별한 증상은 없었고 송사리, 올챙이, 미판리 등을 생식한 경력이 있어 이들이 감염원이 되었을 것으로 추측되었다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제49권11호
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• pp.590-597
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• 2016

Parasitic diseases remain an unarguable public health problem worldwide. Liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis is a high risk pathogenic parasitic helminth which is endemic predominantly in Asian countries, including Korea, China, Taiwan, Vietnam, and the far eastern parts of Russia, and is still actively transmitted. According to the earlier $8^{th}$ National Survey on the Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in 2012, C. sinensis was revealed as the parasite with highest prevalence of 1.86% in general population among all parasite species surveyed in Korea. This fluke is now classified under one of the definite Group 1 human biological agents (carcinogens) by International Agency of Research on Cancer (IARC) along with two other parasites, Opisthorchis viverrini and Schistosoma haematobium. C. sinensis infestation is mainly linked to liver and biliary disorders, especially cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). For the purposes of this mini-review, we will only focus on C. sinensis and review pathogenesis and carcinogenesis of clonorchiasis, disease condition by C. sinensis infestation, and association between C. sinensis infestation and CCA. In this presentation, we briefly consider the current scientific status for progression of CCA by heavy C. sinensis infestation from the food-borne trematode and development of CCA.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.219-223
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• 1983

경상북도 문경군에 주소를 둔 21세 한국인 남자에서, 1983년 10월에 실시한 집단 검변 도중 크기가 0.127∼0.139min인 흡충란을 발견하였다. 이를 극구흡충류 충란으로 생각하고, 국산 프라지관텔(디스토시드) 20mg/kg을 1회 투여하고 염류하제를 1시간 후에 복용시켜 설사변을 4회 수집 조사한 결과, 극구흡충의 성충 1 마리와 간흡충 4마리가 수집되었다. 이 홉충은 성충과 충란의 계측치, 난소와 고환의 위치 등을 근거로 하여 호르텐스극단흡충(Echinostoma hortense)으로 동정되었고 국내 최초의 인체감염임이 확인되었다. 이 환자는 고향에서 많은 종류의 민물고기를 날로 먹은 경험이 있다고 하나 미꾸리 등 알려진 중간숙주는 생식한 기억이 없다 하므로 정확한 감염원을 파악할 수는 없었다. 초상적 문제나 증후는 전혀 관찰되지 않았으며 말초혈액중의 호산량는 6%이었다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.391-394
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• 2012

The prevalence of liver and intestinal fluke infections was determined by surveying inhabitants of Hengxuan, Fusui, and Shanglin villages which were known to be endemic for liver flukes in Guangxi, China in May 2010. A total of 718 people were examined for helminth eggs by the Kato-Katz thick smear technique, ultrasonography, immunoaffinity chromatography, and DNA sequencing. The overall egg positive rate was found to be 59.6% (28.0-70.6%) that included mixed infections with liver and intestinal flukes. Cases showing higher than 20,000 eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were detected between 1.3% and 16.2%. Ultrasonographic findings exhibited overall 28.2% (72 of 255 cases) dilatation rate of the intrahepatic bile duct. Clonorchis sinensis infection was detected serologically in 88.3% (38 of 43 cases) among C. sinensis egg positive subjects by the immunoaffinity chromatography using a specific antigen for C. sinensis. For differential diagnosis of the liver and intestinal flukes, more precise PCR and nucleotide sequencing for copro-DNA were performed for 46 egg positive cases. Mixed infections with C. sinensis and Metagonimus yokogawai were detected in 8 of 46 egg positive cases, whereas 29 specimens were positive for Haplorchis taichui. Ultrasonographic findings and immunoaffinity chromatography results showed usefulness, even in a limited way, in figuring out of the liver fluke endemicity.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 1988

이형흡층류의 하나인 Centrocestus armatus의 인체감염 1례가 praziquantel 투여후 성충을 수집, 동정함으로써 확인되었다. 환자는 42세 남자로 경남 산청군에 거주하였으며 상복부 통증, 설사, 소화불량 등을 호소하였다. 환자는 간흡충, 이형흡충류 및 극구흡충 충란 양성이었다. 장흡충류 치료를 위하여 praziquantel 10mg/kg를 투여하였고 MgSO4으로 설사를 유도하고 설사변을 입체해부현미경으로 검사한 바 C. armatus 성충 1마리와 극구흡충 유충 2마리가 수집되었다. 환자는 피라미 등 민물고기를 자주 생식하였다 하며 치료 2∼3주 전에도 피라미를 회로 먹었다고 한다. 따라서 피라미를 비롯한 민물고기가 C. armatus의 감염원이 되었을 것으로 추측되었다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제57권6호
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• pp.601-605
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• 2019

As we learn more about parasites in ancient civilizations, data becomes available that can be used to see how infection may change over time. The aim of this study is to assess how common certain intestinal parasites were in China and Korea in the past 2000 years, and make comparisons with prevalence data from the 20th century. This allows us to go on to investigate how and why changes in parasite prevalence may have occurred at different times. Here we show that Chinese liver fluke (Clonorchis sinensis) dropped markedly in prevalence in both Korea and China earlier than did roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides) and whipworm (Trichuris trichiura). We use historical evidence to determine why this was the case, exploring the role of developing sanitation infrastructure, changing use of human feces as crop fertilizer, development of chemical fertilizers, snail control programs, changing dietary preferences, and governmental public health campaigns during the 20th century.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2001

The present study examines the potential involvement of Biomphalaria glabrata, a known molluscan intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni, in the life cycle of Echinostoma cinetorchis, one of the echinostomes that are ubiquitous parasites of vertebrates and are of importance in human and veterinary medicine and wildlife diseases. Echinostomes can be maintained easily and inexpensively in the laboratory and provide good models for biological research ranging from the molecular to the organismal. In the present study, no echinostome cercariae were released from the B. glabrata experimentally infected with E. cinetorchis miracidia, whereas all the Biomphalaria snails infected with E. cinetorchis cercariae were found to be infected with the metacercariae. This is the first report that B. glabrata can experimentally serve as the second intermediate host of E. cinetorchis, and that it might be employed as one of the target molluscs for establishing a biological research model with E. cinetorchis in the laboratory.