• 제목/요약/키워드: human evolution

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A Study on the Value Change of Digital Image According to Digital Technology

  • Choi, Won-Ho;Kim, Chee-Yong
    • Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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    • 제8권5호
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    • pp.595-601
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    • 2010
  • The strategy through visual sense is one of the ways that subject builds the outside world and communicates. The visual sense seems higher level of dependence than the other senses and contributes to intercommunication. For this reason, the desire of image dates back to primitive art and visual image(visual media and visual culture) has dialectically developed in the history of mankind. Visual subject, based on perspective of Renaissance, was moved from God to human beings. Andre Bazin's 'la genese automatique' through technical art has epochally changed the paradigm of visual art and visual culture. From primitive art to photo and film, the image, based on visual sense, has reflected human wish, appealed visual desire and led to evolution of image. In the late 20 century, without dialectical evolution of technology and culture, rapidly progressive digital image has changed social and cultural implication over rational strategy of production and distribution and it strengthened authority of image through visual approach of endless desire. The goal of this study is to analyze the value change of digital image developing a new Renaissance through production, reading, communication, and implication of evolution due to digitalized image, which has evolved as object and tool of desire.

Perspectives provided by leopard and other cat genomes: how diet determined the evolutionary history of carnivores, omnivores, and herbivores

  • Kim, Soonok;Cho, Yun Sung;Bhak, Jong;O'Brian, Stephen J.;Yeo, Joo-Hong
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제50권1호
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    • pp.3-4
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    • 2017
  • Recent advances in genome sequencing technologies have enabled humans to generate and investigate the genomes of wild species. This includes the big cat family, such as tigers, lions, and leopards. Adding the first high quality leopard genome, we have performed an in-depth comparative analysis to identify the genomic signatures in the evolution of felid to become the top predators on land. Our study focused on how the carnivore genomes, as compared to the omnivore or herbivore genomes, shared evolutionary adaptations in genes associated with nutrient metabolism, muscle strength, agility, and other traits responsible for hunting and meat digestion. We found genetic evidence that genomes represent what animals eat through modifying genes. Highly conserved genetically relevant regions were discovered in genomes at the family level. Also, the Felidae family genomes exhibited low levels of genetic diversity associated with decreased population sizes, presumably because of their strict diet, suggesting their vulnerability and critical conservation status. Our findings can be used for human health enhancement, since we share the same genes as cats with some variation. This is an example how wildlife genomes can be a critical resource for human evolution, providing key genetic marker information for disease treatment.

SOX 유전자의 다양성 (Multiple Facets of Sox Gene)

  • 홍경원;김희수
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제14권4호
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    • pp.716-725
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    • 2004
  • Sox 패밀리는 동물계 전체에서 찾아지는 전사인자이고, HMG라는 특이적인 DNA결합 도메인을 가진다. 이 Sox 패밀리는 HMG 도메인의 아미노산 서열을 바탕으로 현재 10개의 그룹으로 분류된다. 각 그룹의 오소로그한 Sox 단백질들은 선충에서 인간까지 상당한 보존성을 보인다. HMG 도메인은 전사 촉진 좌위에 결합하고 다른 전사인자들의 결합을 조절함으로써 동물 발생과정의 다양한 세포에서 발현되어 그들의 분화에 결정적인 영향을 미친다. 최근 많은 분자 생물학자들이 Sox 유전자와 관련된 질병, 진화, 그리고 계통 분류 등에 많은 관심을 보이고 있다. 특히, 줄기세포에서 Sox 유전자의 연구는 그들의 생물학적인 기능을 이해하기 위해 꼭 필요한 분야이다. 아마도 이 Sox 유전자들을 이해함으로써, 인간의 유전적 질병과 인간을 포함한 전체 동물계의 진화를 이해할 수 있는 열쇠가 될 것이라 생각한다.

Ribosomal Protein S4 Genes in Macaca fuscata: Sequence, Evolution, and Phylogeny

  • Kim, Heui-Soo
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.34-38
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    • 2001
  • The cDNA encoding ribosomal protein S4(RPS 4) from an ovary cDNA library of the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata) was cloned and sequenced. The RPS4X gene from monkey X chromosome encodes a deduced protein of 263 amino acids and share 99.1% cDNA sequence similarity and 100% amino acid sequence identify with the human RPS4X. Rate of synonymous substitution was higher in RPS4Y than in RPS4X in comparison to the monkey and human. The ratio of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions per site indicated that directional selection has nor occurred in RPS4 genes. Phylogenetic analysis using the neighbor-joining method revealed that X and Y-linked RPS4 genes have evolved independently.

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신체 형태 관찰방법론에 대한 비교 연구 (Comparative Study on the Methodology of Whole Body form Diagnosis)

  • 신순식;류경호;김경철
    • 동의생리병리학회지
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    • 제19권5호
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    • pp.1162-1168
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    • 2005
  • For raising to the significance of whole Dody form diagnosis, I studied comparatively oriental medicine's whole body form diagnosis, biological evolution and physiognomy. In the oriental medicine, the whole body form diagnosis was recognized a means to deal with 'an individual physiology-pathology' and applied practically 'the typing of whole body form'. The physiognomy was applied to whole body form for the conversion of conception in social science and attached great importance to 'the face of human'. The biological evolution was applied to whole body form for the means by grasping the human individual characteristic, so much as magnified to the size of unconscious body-language(Synergologie, Tells exe.).

Comparative Study on the Optimization Methods for a Motor Drive of Artificial Hearts

  • Pohlmann, Andre;LeBmann, Marc;Hameyer, Kay
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.193-199
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    • 2012
  • Worldwide cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of death. Aside from heart transplants, which are limited due to the availability of human donor hearts, artificial hearts are the only therapy available for terminal heart diseases. For various reasons, a total implantable artificial heart is desirable. But the limited space in the human thorax sets rigorous restrictions on the weight and dimensions of the device. Nevertheless, the appropriate functionality of the artificial heart must be ensured and blood damage must be prevented. These requirements set further restrictions to the drive of this device. In the this paper, two optimization methods, namely, the manual parameter variation and Differential Evolution algorithm, are presented and applied to match the specifications of an artificial heart.

Advanced Technologies and Mechanisms for Yeast Evolutionary Engineering

  • Ryu, Hong-Yeoul
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제48권4호
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    • pp.423-428
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    • 2020
  • In vitro evolution is a powerful technique for the engineering of yeast strains to study cellular mechanisms associated with evolutionary adaptation; strains with desirable traits for industrial processes can also be generated. There are two distinct approaches to generate evolved strains in vitro: the sequential transfer of cells in the stationary phase into fresh medium or the continuous growth of cells in a chemostat bioreactor via the constant supply of fresh medium. In culture, evolutionary forces drive diverse adaptive mechanisms within the cell to overcome environmental or intracellular stressors. Especially, this engineering strategy has expanded to the field of human cell lines; the understanding of such adaptive mechanisms provides promising targets for the treatment of human genetic diseases and cancer. Therefore, this technology has the potential to generate numerous industrial, medical, and academic applications.

Artificial Intelligence as a Vehicle for Innovation: Literature Review and Bibliometric Study

  • Reema Khurana
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제32권4호
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    • pp.916-944
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    • 2022
  • Artificial Intelligence has been a conceptual area for several decades. It has been studied extensively through experiments by the Information Systems community. When Information Systems supported with Information Technology became all pervasive in business and other allied areas, gradually the advancements in Artificial Intelligence also emerged as innovations across domains. Artificial Intelligence by definition is expected to substitute Human Intelligence, thereby making a huge space for innovation. In fact, all processes effected by human intelligence are liable to be replaced by AI which in itself is a massive innovation space. This paper will study the publication's repository (Scopus and Google Scholar from 1983 till 2021) in the area of Artificial Intelligence and innovation, then analyze the trend to gain insight into the evolution of AI as a vehicle for innovation.

인공적인, 너무나 자연적인: 포스트 게놈 시대 합성생물학과 트랜스휴머니즘 (Artificial, All Too Natural: Synthetic Biology and Transhumanism in the Post-Genomic Era)

  • 우태민;박범순
    • 과학기술학연구
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.33-63
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    • 2016
  • 이 논문은 포스트 게놈 시대에 합성생물학 연구자들과 트랜스휴머니스트들의 자연관과 진화개념을 비교분석하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 2000년대 새롭게 등장한 합성생물학은 "합리적 설계"와 "방향적 진화"라는 두 가지 핵심적인 개념을 통해 생명 시스템을 디자인하는 것을 가능케 했다. 인간이 생명체를 설계해 만들어내고 진화과정을 가속화시킬 뿐만 아니라 특정 방향으로 유도한다는 점에서, 자연적인 것과 인공적인 것 사이의 경계가 무너지는 것 아닌가 하는 우려가 제기되었다. 이렇게 합성생물학으로 재구성된 자연을 어떻게 받아들여야 할 것인가? 진화의 속도와 방향에 영향을 주는 연구를 어떻게 정당화할 수 있는가? 합성생물학과 트랜스휴머니즘은 어떤 지적 자산을 공유하고 있나? 과학기술의 상업화와 같은 사회경제적 요소가 분야의 흐름에 영향을 주지는 않은지? 자연의 도덕적 권위는 사라졌는가? 본 논문은 합성생물학을 선도하고 있는 세 명의 과학자와 최근 대표적 트랜스휴머니스트로 떠오르고 있는 옥스퍼드 대학의 철학자들을 관점을 소개하고 비교분석하여 이 질문들에 답하려고 한다.

유신진화론: 창조론과 진화론 사이에서 (Theistic Evolution: between Creationism and Evolutionism)

  • 제해종
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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    • 제21권6호
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    • pp.445-455
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    • 2021
  • 우주와 인간의 기원에 대한 관심은 역사적으로 인간 탐구의 중심 주제 중 하나였다. 기원에 관한 문제는 단순한 지적 호기심의 문제가 아닌 인간 정체성에 관한 것이자 인간의 운명과 관련된 중요한 문제이다. 인간의 기원과 관련하여 제시된 전통적인 모델은 크게 만물이 창조주에게서 기인하였다는 기독교의 창조론과 모든 것이 우연히 발생하여 하등에서 점점 고등동물로 진화하였다는 진화론, 그리고 기원에 관하여 우리는 아무것도 알 수 없다는 불가지론이 있다. 본 연구는 창조론과 진화론의 결합인 유신진화론을 다루고 있다. 유신진화론이란 만물이 하나님에게서 기원하긴 했지만 즉각적 창조가 아닌, 오랜 세월 진화의 과정을 통한 창조를 통한 것이었다고 주장한다. 기원에 관한 두 상충하는 이론을 기독교적으로 결합하여 제시한 것이 유신진화론인데, 이는 여러 가지 본질적 문제점을 안고 있는데 본 연구에서는 두 가지를 지적하였다. 첫째, 성경의 하나님이 전능한 창조주가 아닌 자연의 법칙에 국한된 모습으로 축소된다. 둘째, 성경의 사건을 상징적으로 해석함으로써 역사성을 거부하는 결과를 초래한다. 따라서 유신진화론보다는 오히려 진화론이나 창조론 둘 중 하나를 택하는 것이 더 합리적이다.