• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.491-494
• /
• 2011

Objective: to improve agricultural working environment using tools and equipments. Background: most existing tools currently used, in fact, are discrepant from human factor guidelines so that they are still exposed to the musculoskeletal disease. Method: the provided tools and equipments are mostly designed considering human factor engineering or usability engineering in a way to avoid musculoskeletal disease. Results: propose the top-down procedure and usability engineering steps to evaluate them for the system design suitability. Conclusion: apply them conveniently into rural environment to help farmers working environment.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.67-72
• /
• 2012

The generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from patients' somatic cells provides a new paradigm for studying human genetic diseases. Human iPSCs which have similar properties of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) provide a powerful platform to recapitulate the disease-specific cell types by using various differentiation techniques. This promising technology has being realized the possibility to explore pathophysiology of many human genetic diseases at the molecular and cellular levels. Furthermore, disease-specific human iPSCs can also be used for patient-based drug screening and new drug discovery at the stage of the pre-clinical test in vitro. In this review, we summarized the concept and history of cellular reprogramming or iPSC generation and highlight recent progresses for disease modeling using patient-specific iPSCs.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.56 no.1
• /
• pp.32-42
• /
• 2023

Heart disease is one of the major life-threatening diseases with high mortality and incidence worldwide. Several model systems, such as primary cells and animals, have been used to understand heart diseases and establish appropriate treatments. However, they have limitations in accuracy and reproducibility in recapitulating disease pathophysiology and evaluating drug responses. In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) cardiac tissue models produced using tissue engineering technology and human cells have outperformed conventional models. In particular, the integration of cell reprogramming techniques with bioengineering platforms (e.g., microfluidics, scaffolds, bioprinting, and biophysical stimuli) has facilitated the development of heart-on-a-chip, cardiac spheroid/organoid, and engineered heart tissue (EHT) to recapitulate the structural and functional features of the native human heart. These cardiac models have improved heart disease modeling and toxicological evaluation. In this review, we summarize the cell types for the fabrication of cardiac tissue models, introduce diverse 3D human cardiac tissue models, and discuss the strategies to enhance their complexity and maturity. Finally, recent studies in the modeling of various heart diseases are reviewed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.50 no.6
• /
• pp.411-414
• /
• 2017

Antimicrobial resistance and emerging infectious diseases, including avian influenza, Ebola virus disease, and Zika virus disease have significantly affected humankind in recent years. In the premodern era, no distinction was made between animal and human medicine. However, as medical science developed, the gap between human and animal science grew deeper. Cooperation among human, animal, and environmental sciences to combat emerging public health threats has become an important issue under the One Health Initiative. Herein, we presented the history of One Health, reviewed current public health threats, and suggested opportunities for the field of public health through better understanding of the One Health paradigm.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.135-154
• /
• 2011

The great discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) has revolutionized current cell biology and medical science. miRNAs are small conserved non-coding RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression by targeting the 3' untranslated region of specific messenger RNAs for degradation or translational repression. New members of the miRNA family are being discovered on a daily basis and emerging evidence has demonstrated that miRNAs play a major role in a wide range of developmental process including cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell differentiation, metabolism, apoptosis, developmental timing, neuronal cell fate, neuronal gene expression, brain morphogenesis, muscle differentiation and stem cell division. Moreover, a large number of studies have reported links between alterations of miRNA homeostasis and pathological conditions such as cancer, psychiatric and neurological diseases, cardiovascular disease, and autoimmune disease. Interestingly, in addition, miRNA deficiencies or excesses have been correlated with a number of clinically important diseases ranging from cancer to myocardial infarction. miRNAs can repress the gene translation of hundreds of their targets and are therefore well-positioned to target a multitude of cellular mechanisms. As a consequence of extensive participation in normal functions, it is quite logical to ask the question if abnormalities in miRNAs should have importance in human diseases. Great discoveries and rapid progress in the past few years on miRNAs provide the hope that miRNAs will in the near future have a great potential in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. Currently, an explosive literature has focussed on the role of miRNA in human cancer and cardiovascular disease. In this review, I briefly summarize the explosive current studies about involvement of miRNA in various human cancers and cardiovascular disease.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.43 no.4
• /
• pp.243-251
• /
• 2016

Chicken not only serves as a high-protein source to humans, but it is also used as a suitable biomodel for increasing livestock productivity and studying human diseases. Chickens have numerous advantages as model organisms mainly because of they are relatively convenient to manage due to their small body size and short generational interval. In addition, they have a small genome size and numerous genes have biologically similar functions to those of human and livestock animals. In this review, we investigated the chicken biomodel for human disease research and the use of this model for increasing livestock productivity. This summary could provide useful and basic information for further development of strategies for enhancing livestock production and human disease studies.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.83-93
• /
• 2005

It is well known that Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Disease is one of the oldest and most authoritative books in Oriental Medicine, suggesting the concept of Exogenous Febrile and Six channels as a theoretical basis of clinical experience and prescription. But, since Thang Thongjing had written the book, the numberous medical practitioners and theorists asserted their various and different views on the concept of Exogenous Febrile and its Six channels. 3UM-3YANG of Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Disease is basically the thing of specialization UM-YANG, eventually UM-YANG are two functional characteristics in human body. It is specialized to 3UM-3YANG by spatial and time criteria Therefore, it is important to apprehend the concept correctly that was written on Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Disease. I'd like to look into a bodily state by answering the question that is easy to access and based on Six Channels.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.61 no.1
• /
• pp.72-77
• /
• 2023

Human babesiosis is a tick-borne disease induced by the genus Babesia and has been significantly reported in the Republic of Korea. This report shows the cases of 2 patients with human babesiosis who traveled to the USA in 2019. The 2 patients experienced fever and had travel histories to babesiosis-endemic regions. The diagnoses of both cases were verified by the identification of Babesia-infected red blood cells on blood smears. One patient was found to be infected with Babesia microti using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for 18S rRNA, which discovered the phylogenetic link to the B. microti strain endemic in the USA. The 2 patients recovered from fever with subsequent hemoparasite clearance. Babesiosis could be diagnosed in anyone with histories of travel to babesiosis-endemic countries and tick bites. Furthermore, Babesia-specific PCR is required for determining geno-and phenotypic characteristics.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.48 no.5
• /
• pp.256-265
• /
• 2015

Cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases are major health threats in many developed countries. Recently, target tissues derived from human embryonic stem (hES) cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), such as cardiomyocytes (CMs) or neurons, have been actively mobilized for drug screening. Knowledge of drug toxicity and efficacy obtained using stem cell-derived tissues could parallel that obtained from human trials. Furthermore, iPSC disease models could be advantageous in the development of personalized medicine in various parts of disease sectors. To obtain the maximum benefit from iPSCs in disease modeling, researchers are now focusing on aging, maturation, and metabolism to recapitulate the pathological features seen in patients. Compared to pediatric disease modeling, adult-onset disease modeling with iPSCs requires proper maturation for full manifestation of pathological features. Herein, the success of iPSC technology, focusing on patient-specific drug treatment, maturation-based disease modeling, and alternative approaches to compensate for the current limitations of patient iPSC modeling, will be further discussed. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(5): 256-265]

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.46-66
• /
• 2012

Metabolomic studies using human urine have shown that human metabolism is altered by a variety of environmental, cultural, and physiological factors. Comprehensive information about normal human metabolite profiles is necessary for accurate clinical diagnosis of disease and for disease prevention and treatment. In this study, metabolite correlation analyses, using $^1H$ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy coupled with multivariate statistics, were performed on human urine to compare metabolic differences based on gender and/or obesity in healthy human subjects. First, we applied partial least squares discriminant analysis to the NMR spectral data set to verify the data's ability to discriminate by gender and obesity. Then, the differences in metabolite-metabolite correlation between male and female, and between normal and high body mass index (obese) subjects were investigated through pairwise correlations. Creatine and several metabolites, including isoleucine, trans-aconitate, and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), exhibited different quantitative relationships depending on gender. Dimethylamine had a different correlation with glycine and TMAO, based on gender. The correlation of TMAO with amino acids was considerably lower in obese, compared to normal, subjects. We expect that the results will shed light on the metabolic pathways of healthy humans and will assist in the accurate diagnosis of human disease.