• KIEAE Journal
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2010

The direction of Urban regeneration is changing toward holistic regeneration with residents' participation all over the world. While world leading projects in holistic regeneration such as "Ballymun of Ireland" and "Buffalo of U.S.A" appeared, recently in Korea, "Rainbow project" is getting paid attention as a similar example due to its Socio-Physical approach. The purpose of this study is to find the Effect of Socio-Physical Regeneration on Social Network characteristics of Elderly Residents in a public rental apartment. The subjects of the study are elderly residents who have resided since much before the environmental intervention. The research methods is in-depth interview. Specific features of social network included awareness of the physically improved surrounding environment, awareness of and participation in welfare programs, social interactions, identity, and vandalism behavior. As results, most of elderly residents recognized environmental improvement and felt very positive enough to enhance their attachment and pride in their residences. Physical environment changes had a considerable impact on the social network characteristics and also had a strong influence on their relations with community. Considering that permanent public rental housing has been a socially isolated place, it is significant to notice that residents' perception of being excluded and behaviors are changed gradually being influenced by environmental improvement.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제26권6_spc호
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• pp.660-666
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• 2016

This paper presents performance comparison results of magneto-rheological (MR) brake in the sense of wear characteristics. To create wear circumstance, the brake is operated in 100 000 cycles by DC motor. To make wear test in same design parameters such as the radius of the housing, ferromagnetic disc and gap size, small sample of stainless are inserted in housing of MR brake. The performances of brake are compared between the initial stage (no wear) and 100 000 revolution cycles operated stage (wear). At each circumstance, torque of the brake is measured and compared by applying step current and sinusoidal control input. The controller used in this work is a simple, but effective PID controller. It is demonstrated that the wear behavior is more obvious as the operating cycle is increased in the torque control process.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 그리드를 이용한 철근콘크리트 휨부재의 연성보강 효과를 실험결과로 제시했다. 실험변수로는 비보강 철근콘크리트 휨부재(ORI), 바닥면 보강 철근콘크리트 휨부재(REB), 바닥 및 측면 보강 철근콘크리트 휨부재(REBS)가 있다. 실험은 4절점 휨 실험으로 수행되었다. 실험 결과, 보강을 통해 최대 휨강도가 17~20% 증가하였고, 측면 보강을 통해 휨 파괴 유도를 통한 연성보강 효과를 확인하였다. 또한, 연성지수를 계산하여 REB와 REBS의 연성지수가 ORI 대비 각각 2배, 3배 증가하였음을 확인하였다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2019

This study attempts to analyse the effects of high-rise living on suicide rates. All the apartments in the City A and every suicide were examined in detail. Research methods are as follows. First, a database including tenure type and number of residents in all apartment complexes was created. Second, apartments were categorized into two income groups of private apartments and social housing, and spatial configuration characteristics of a typical apartment were analysed. Third, differences in suicide rates were analysed for lower and upper levels in both apartment categories. Finally, the relationship between high and lower levels of apartments with their spatial configuration characteristics and suicide rates was compared. The analysis shows significant differences between lower and upper floors living residents' suicide rates. It can be stated that the low-income residents are more sensitive to living in high-rise environment. Also, it suggests the need to improve the high-rise living environment of vulnerable social groups. In addition, spatial integration decrease in upper floors of high-rise buildings, and it can be interpreted that spatial configuration may affect residents' pathological disorders or even suicidal behaviors.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2007

This study aims to examine the existing conditions of elderly housing facilities and to understand the characteristics and types of outdoor living environments utilized by the elderly. To achieve this, this study relied on two methods: a descriptive method of researching publications and related scholastic writings, and an empirical study that included a survey of present conditions and interviews with the elderly and their nursing care providers. Additionally, evaluation of usage patterns and physical traces were carried out in twelve cases. First, the study showed that all of the facilities, which are fixed in particular areas, had difficulty providing spatial diversity that met the needs of residences. This means that these areas lack flexibility. Activity programs were, however, carried out in a lively manner in well-equipped spaces. Second, an evaluation of outdoor living environments showed that basic facilities were more than adequate, in general. Consideration of resident's physical strength and taste, however, was evaluated as low, indicating that facilities and spaces should be considered to reflect the ages, physical capacity, diverse tastes and hobbies of the elderly, as well. Third, examining the usage patterns of outdoor living activities of residents, the purposes of using outdoor spaces of elderly housing facilities were mainly 'to take a walk' and 'to engage in simple physical exercise' and the walkway, simple sports facilities, and building entrances were highly utilized. The importance of outdoor living environments values was a mean of 4.07 and satisfaction was 4.17. This indicates that residents thought that outdoor living environments are very important and currently satisfied with them.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.745-760
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• 2010

The purposes of this study were to investigate the state of indoor thermal and air environment during winter in the one-room type multi-family houses occupied by university students and to analyze factors which influenced this environment. Field survey was conducted in 10 houses between 30th January, 2009 and 13th February, 2009 which measured indoor thermal and air elements as well kept records of interviews with residents and other related factors. Measured elements were air temperature, relative humidity, as well as concentrations of $CO_2$, CO, TVOC, and PM-10. The results can be summarized as follows. 1) The mean air temperature in each house ranged from 19.3 to $25.3^{\circ}C$, so most houses were not suitable for evaluation criteria($20-22^{\circ}C$). The average $CO_2$ concentration in each house was 965~3259ppm, so most houses exceeded evaluation criteria(1000ppm). The average TVOC concentration in each house were 0.00~1.17ppm, 5 houses exceeded evaluation criteria(0.12ppm). 2) Relative humidity, CO concentration, and PM-10 concentration were suitable for evaluation criteria. Therefore, indoor thermal and air environment during winter in one-room type multi-family housing occupied by university students was found to be generally uncomfortable. Important factor which were found to influence air temperature and the concentration of $CO_2$ were smaller space capacity than general house. Other factors which were found to influence the environment of these houses were the existence of a balcony as well as factors relating to the behavior of occupants such whether or not heating were operated, whether windows were opened, whether fans used, whether occupants smoked or used cosmetics, and whether the space was dusted.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2013

A outdoor space of the brand apartment can improve the quality of the whole environment in apartment and has differentiated identity in apartment housing through various versions of the green space and water space plan. The purpose of this study is to evaluate nature-friendly design characteristics in brand apartments and to offer a basic information for planning of brand apartment. In concrete, nature-friendly design did by green space and water space that can analyze by visual, and investigation contents divided to position, form, user behavior, link space from user viewpoint by case study. This study examined a case of eight brand apartments located in Gangnamgu, Seoul. We has divided the characteristics of a green space into horizontal type, vertical type, multi-dimensional type and has divided the water space into stagnant water type, flowing stream type, waterfall type and fountain type. The findings are summarized as follows: First, in case of the space of brand apartment, the application of horizontal and vertical greenery was lower compare with multi-dimensional green space. The most of items for multi-dimensional greenery have been planned to the open space and promenade. Second, a stagnant water type of water space features well used in most of the cases but a water space of signs of activity like a flowing stream, waterfall, fountain types were underused because of problem of administrative and maintenance expenses. Thirdly, Water space of brand apartments was planned with specialization item by apartment housing but green space does not have differentiated item and was planned by most similar form.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.65-86
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• 1990

Living conditions of the rural elderly were assessed in terms of clothing behavior, health and nutritional status, housing and envioronmental condition, and psychological adjustment. The subjects were eighty individuals over sixty residing in the rural community of Iksan-kun, Chollabukdo. The interview method using questionnaires, direct measurement, and observation was used for this study. Data were compared with those obtained from a previous study of the elderly residing in an urban area. Clothing behavior showed that the elderly residing in the rural community were more concerned about plain and conservative design of clothes than their urban counterparts. Special protective clothes for cropdusting with agricultural chemicals had not been prepared. The following urgent needs were pointed out: development and supply of agricultural chemical protective clothing and development and education of appropriate washing and clothing care methods. The health status of the elderly was generally good, but poor eating habits were found more frequently in the rural elderly than among the urban dwellers. Several dietary nutrient intakes were insufficient. Contrasting the urban elderly with the rural group, it was found that the urban group lacked sufficient vitamin A and vitamin C and the urban women had insufficient calorie whereas the rural group was deficient in protein, vitamin A, calorie, and fat. A significant relationship was found between dietary nutrient intake and health index, food habit points, self recognized health status, meal satisfaction, and economic status. Urgent needs of the development of a nutrition education program for the elderly were pointed out. Most of elderly residing in the surveyed rural communities were living alone or with their spouse only, therefore only one room was used among the three or four available rooms. Most of the rural elderly were living either in a traditional Korean house built with differing floor levels or in a modified Korean style house. Minimal modernization had been made for kitchen facilities such as sink and gas range or for heating facilities with the briquette boiler. However, sanitary space such as lavatory and bathroom had not been remodeled. A housing welfare program for rural communities should be implemented at the national level. The comparison of psychological characteristics of the rural elderly with their city counterparts revealed that the rural elderly have a more stable psychological status and optimistic attitude than those living in a city. However, it was found that most of the elderly did not have any future plan. Community programs for the elderly including hobbies or leisure activities or education programs to generate close interpersonal relationships with their children should be developed and provided.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.519-531
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• 2023

건설 사업장에서 발생하는 안전사고 예방을 목표로 건설 현장의 불안전한 행동이라는 고질적 어려움과 고충을 해소하기 위해서 스마트 안전보건활동이라는 변수를 통하여 의도된 안전한 행동을 만들고, 이러한 행동 변화로 산업재해 감소에 도움이 되고자 한다. 연구목적: 스마트 안전보건활동이 불안전한 행동으로 발생하는 사고와 근본 원인인 근로자 행동 변화에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 분석하고, 이 활동은 근로자의 안전 경험치가 향상되고, 불안전한 행동을 의도된 안전한 행동으로 변화되며, 작업중에 나타나는 불안전 행동이 줄어들므로 안전사고 예방과 근로자 생명 보호에 도움이 된다는 가설을 검증한다. 연구방법: 스마트 안전보건활동을 독립변수(X)로 선정하였고, 근로자 행동 의도인 의도된 안전과 불안전을 종속변수(Y), 태도와 주관적 규범, 계획된 행동 통제를 매개변수(M)로 정하였다. 척도의 신뢰성과 타당도 분석은 안전보건활동에 관한 탐색적 요인분석과 판별타당도분석, 집중타당도를 분석했으며, 행동 변화의 가설검증을 위해서 주요 변수의 경로분석과 근로자 행동 변화의 실증분석으로는 베이지안모델 분석과 MC시뮬레이션의 확률밀도 분포를 통해 연구를 검증했다. 연구결과:건설 현장의 스마트 안전보건활동을 경험한 근로자는 불안전한 행동이 줄고, 의도된 안전 행동을 한다는 분석이 가장 높게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 이는 근로자 행동변화에 영향을 미칠것이라는 연구가설이 입증되었고, 연구분석의 구조방정식과 경로분석에서 변수간의 상관관계 확인, 실증분석을 통해 스마트 안전보건활동이 근로자 불안전한 행동을 통제하고, 감소시킬 수 있다는 점을 확인하였다. 결론:건설 현장에서 사고를 예방하고 근로자의 행동을 변화시키기 위해서는 스마트 안전 보건활동이 매우 중요한 항목이란 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-27
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• 2016

Final construction project cost is significantly determined by construction rate. The Industrialized Building System (IBS) was promoted to enhance the importance of prefabrication technology rather than conventional methods in construction. Ensuring the stability of a building constructed by using IBS is a challenging issue. Accordingly, the connections in a prefabricated building have a basic, natural, and essential role in providing the best continuity among the members of the building. Deficiencies of conventional precast connections were observed when precast buildings experience a large induced load, such as earthquakes and other disasters. Thus, researchers aim to determine the behavior of precast concrete structure with a specific type of connection. To clarify this problem, this study investigates the capacity behavior of precast concrete panel connections for industrial buildings with a new type of precast wall-to-wall connection (i.e., U-shaped steel channel connection). This capacity behavior is compared with the capacity behavior of precast concrete panel connections for industrial buildings that used a common approach (i.e., loop connection), which is subjected to monotonic loading as in-plane and out-of-plane loading by developing a finite element model. The principal stress distribution, deformation of concrete panels and welded wire mesh (BRC) reinforcements, plastic strain trend in the concrete panels and connections, and crack propagations are investigated for the aforementioned connection. Pushover analysis revealed that loop connections have significant defects in terms of strength for in-plane and out-of-plane loads at three translational degrees of freedom compared with the U-shaped steel channel connection.