• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.68 no.4
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• pp.53-74
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• 2016

In this study, to verify influence that economic situations of a household unit have on donation behavior, after economic situations of a household unit were measured with income and assets by type and income to assets, effect which each variable has on secular giving was verified. This study used 3-year panel data of a total of 4,938 households based on the fifth to seventh year data as investigation data from 2012 to 2014 among data of financial panel investigation of Korea Institute of Public Finance of National Survey of Tax and Benefit. As an analysis method, a random effect tobit model was used. At the analysis result, it appeared that as scales of financial assets, earned income, property income, and transfer income become larger, the amount of donation increased. Also, it was represented that rates of income to assets had negative influence on secular giving. In case of demographic variables, education levels of householders and sizes of houses had relation of a positive direction. In case of ages, it appeared that they had inverted U-type relation. This study has meanings in that understanding of donation behavior of a household unit can be increased and expanded more and also implications related to intervention strategies of a household unit to expand sharing culture can be extracted by verifying influence which economic factors of a household unit have on donation behavior based on panel data.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.71-104
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• 2018

This paper adopts a distributive performance process model of in-work poverty based on labor markets, households, and welfare states and analyzes the 4-11 waves of the Korean Welfare Panel Study during 2008-15. Previous studies on in-work poverty have focused on the definitions and concepts of in-work poverty by analyzing employment and unemployment persistence and repetition dynamics, but rarely paid attention to institutional distributive performance. In this regard, this study preforms a stepwise analysis of labor markets, households, and welfare states as a process of income generation in labor markets, satisfaction of welfare needs and income pooling at households, and deduction of social security contribution and income tax as well as receipt of public transfer income at welfare states. Results of empirical analysis show that in-work poverty had been on increase during 2008-11, followed by a decrease between 2012-15. At labor market stages, full time status had the most prominent impact on in-work poverty process, while status by employment and contract type have generated a huge variation as well. At household stages, household work intensity and number of earners contributed to reduction of in-work poverty, but the relations did not seen to be straightforward. However, welfare state played little role in lifting employees out of in-work poverty. In terms of institutional distributive process, in-work poverty was prevalent in either household-welfare state stage or labor market-household-welfare stage. Non-vulnerable group in terms of in-risk poverty was around 80% of the sample during the period of analysis, the size of which has remained constant.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.83 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 2020

Background: In January 2015, South Korea's government raised the cigarette tax, and the retail price of cigarettes abruptly increased by 80% compared to the previous year. This research aimed to determine the effect of this increase on smoking cessation among South Korean smokers. Methods: We analyzed data collected by the 2013-2015 South Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 15,203 South Koreans over 19 years old using regression analysis. We examined the recent non-smoking period of nonsmoking people, prepared according to the survey, and analyzed the recent smoking cessation ratio. Results: Among smokers, from 2013 to 2014, the smoking cessation rate was 7.2%, and it increased to 9.9% in 2015 after the increase in the cigarette tax. In 2015, the recent smoking cessation rate was higher among people over the age of 60 (odds ratio [OR], 2.67) compared to those between the ages of 40 and 49. The recent smoking cessation rate was higher among people with below elementary education (OR, 2.28) and above university education (OR, 1.94) compared to high school, higher for those with apartments (OR, 1.74) compared to general type residences, and higher among those with a household income in the low-middle quartile (Q2) (OR, 2.32) compared to the highest quartile (Q4). Conclusion: This innovative policy including increase in cigarette prices affected smoking cessation, and its impact varied by sub-group of smokers in South Korea.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.382-395
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• 2017

This study tries to analyze whether the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), which was modified in 2011, has the effect of work incentive. In this sense, by establishing the 8th Wave of Korea Welfare Panel Study (2013) and the 9th Wave (2014), Furthermore, in order to overcome the methodological limit, the results of two-party analysis method will be compared by firstly carrying out multiple regression analysis and then performing propensity score matching analysis. The 535 households out of 6,025 were selected. The following are the results of multiple digression analysis and propensity score matching analysis. First, there was no statistically meaningful relationship with regard to the perception of the EITC. Second, there was a statistically meaningful result in the reduction of working hours with regard to whether a household received labor incentive or not. The study found that the revised EITC is not providing incentives which stimulates the will to work.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.717-741
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• 2012

This paper investigates the role of perceived income hierarchy and political affiliation in individual attitudes toward environmental protection. Estimation results show that rises in perceived income hierarchy increase the possibility of agreement to an increase in taxes to prevent environmental pollution in general, but not linearly increase it. As individuals are more satisfied with the financial situation of their household, they are more likely to agree to an increase in taxes. These results imply that individual attitudes toward environmental protection can be deteriorated even though average household income level increases, if either the degree of financial satisfaction decreases or income inequality worsens. We find that there is no difference between the liberals and the conservatives on the likelihood of paying additional tax to prevent environmental pollution. This result differs from the cases of Western society, which indicate that the liberals are more likely to pay for environmental protection.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.79-85
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• 2018

The objective of this study focuses on the relationship between increasing of leverage and income, asset purchase. For empirical test, regression analysis was conducted using panel data of the household financial welfare survey. The results of the analysis are as follows: First, increasing of leverage is determined by the asset purchase. Deleveraging can be realized by reducing the size of the assets. Second, increase of leverage has positively affected on the increase of asset. Also, the increase of income has significantly positive influence on the increase of assets. These results provide practical guidance as research in increasing of leverage and increase of asset and the limitations of the research and future study are discussed as well.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.559-566
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• 2016

Excel is a commercially available computer program that is used worldwide. Excel is widely utilized; it is helpful in household ledgers, corporate tax calculations, management of academic grades or reports, etc. However from the beginning, inaccuracies and errors in calculations have constantly been identified, so the program is updated regularly. Decimal-to-binary conversion is a simple and repetitive task. So, use of a computer program to do this calculation is suitable. Errors in decimal-to-binary conversion are surprising and are not easily understood. Therefore, it is important to identify the flaws in Excel, which unfortunately still exist today. It is necessary to determine the cause of this type of error, and I hope for a fix to be implemented quickly.

• 한국사회복지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.387-411
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• 2005

The purpose of this article is to analyse the expenditure structure of the welfare mix; in order to grasp the holistic feature of the Korean social welfare. Most of all, the article attempts to elaborate the estimation methods of social welfare expenditure by including the components from which has been excluded so far - indirect tax expenditure of the government, nursery payments of households, life insurance pay-outs for survivors, inter-household private income transfers and the value of caring work of the family. In so doing, the article estimates that the total social welfare expenditure including state, enterprise, market, NPOs and family reached at 24.7% of GDP in 2000, which is approximately 2.5 times more than public social welfare expenditure. It implies that non-state, private sectors dominates the structure of social welfare provisions in Korea. In addition, based on the analyses of the expenditure structure, the article defines the main feature of Korea's welfare mix as the 'mixed structure of the welfare mix dominated by the protective family', or 'expanded public sector, relatively limited market, and protective family'. Such a family-dominated welfare mix structure in Korea indicates that the fundamental source of solidarity of the Korean social welfare system is family and, therefore, the welfare regime of Korea can be classified as 'Conservative'.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.126-130
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• 2020

Catastrophic health expenditure refers to measure the level of the economic burden of households due to medical expenses. The purpose of this study was to examine the proportion of households that experienced catastrophic health expenditure between 2006 and 2018 using available data from the National Survey of Tax and Benefit (NaSTaB), Korea Health Panel (KHP), and Households Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES). Trend test was used to analyze the proportion of household with catastrophic healthcare expenditure. The households experienced the catastrophic health expenditure 2.08% in 2018 using the NaSTaB data. Trend analysis was significant with the decreasing trend (Annual Percentage Change [APC], -4.88; p<0.0001) in the proportion of households with the catastrophic health expenditure. On the other hand, the results of the HIES showed 2.92%, and KHP showed 2.48% of households experienced the catastrophic health expenditure in 2016. The trend was significantly increased in HIES (APC, 1.43; p<0.0001) and KHP (APC, 6.68; p<0.0001). Therefore, this suggests that further interventions to alleviate the burden of catastrophic health expenditure to the low-income group are needed.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.1-26
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• 2006

The study was the second part of the research on development of consumer education program as social education program. The purpose of this study was to analyze needs fur program contents. Program contents had two parts: educational program contents and program managements. The data used contained 617 married women living in Seoul, Korea. Using SAS-PC program, Chi-square and Anova Analyses were executed. The results showed that married women had higher educational needs on housing purchase, tax avoidance, cancellation of contracts after purchase, consumer redress, etc. The differences in age, education, householder's occupation, and household income level resulted in the differences in educational needs for some specific educational items. They were likely to be educated at the highly accessible place such as women's center, community center, University extension service center, and consumer organization, etc. Also they preferred to be educated once a week fur a short time period like one to three months, and to have the lectures with discussion in the class. Some implications were mentioned for developing consumer education program as social education.