• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.231-242
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• 2012

The purposes of this study were to identify the needs for ubiquitous home services in residential environment of elderly single or elderly couple households living without children and also to analyze the differences of the needs according to their demographic and housing characteristics. For this study, a literature review and field works on ubiquitous home services for older people were performed. Also, 1 to 1 interview by using the questionnaire which was developed by the researchers in this study was conducted and 270 elderly residents in Seoul and Gyeonggi-Do were responded. Seventy-one ubiquitous service items which were adopted to home electronic appliances and furniture for older people were developed for 1 to 1 interview questionnaire. The major findings of the study were as follows: the elderly residents expressed highest need for ubiquitous home service items related to safety and health issues. Among ubiquitous service items applied to gas stove, vacuum cleaner, TV, telephone, sofa and toilet, the items related to safety and health aspects were most needed. And residents' income level and health status were the two major variables to show group differences in the need of ubiquitous home services. In other words, the elderly residents who were high income and frail tended to have the highest demand for ubiquitous home services adopted to home electronic appliances and furniture.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.60-69
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• 2013

Timber is an eco-friendly material that is suitable for low carbon and green growth, and recently, studies on utilization and manufacture of timber are increasing. Thus, we need a stable supply of wood working materials for the formative element and widespread function of timber. It is necessary to develop the use of timber because it enhances the added value of this material by making the most of it. In this way, skin-timber is an appropriate material for life articles because skin-timber has a variety of functions including the ability for storage use, the beauty of structure, the ability to maintain heat and insulation, and the capability to control humidity. In this study, I developed household items using skin-timbers that are made up of circular columns and square columns of pine, larch, and yellow popular. The circular and square columns have an inner hole that is approximately 90% of the external structure's width. I intended for the concept of these designs to display creativity considering functionality and productivity. These items are life articles and furniture for modern people. They are eco-friendly products that are varnished with traditional lacquer and natural oil. According to the result of this study, skin-timbers are made of domestic pine, larch, and yellow popular and are resource of furniture, household items, and woodcraft. I believe skin-timber is not only a useful material for processability and design applicability, but it also has the capability to be a multifunctional and high value-added material. Also, if the standards, such as cortex thickness, outside diameter, and length, of skin-timber are producted diversely, I believe skin-timber can be have more the possibility of industrial products' development.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.103-117
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• 1986

The purpose of this study is to provide the basic information for the improvement of housewives consciousness and satisfaction of household work by analyzing the data regarding the housewives consciousness and satisfaction toward household work. The research problems was described as follows; 1) How independent variables influence the housewives consciousness of household work. 2) How independent variables influence the satisfaction of household work. 3) How relate the housewives consciousness and the satisfaction of household work. The research was conducted on 354 housewives in Seoul during the end of January and the beginning of March, 1986. As for the measurement of the instrument, questionnaire with 46 items was made by investigator. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean and t-test, F-test, Scheffe-test, Pearson-r. The results were summarized as follows; 1) Among the independent variables, the ages of housewives, durations of marriage, psychologica satisfaction were variables to have influence on the housewives consciousness towark household work. 2) Among the independent variable,s the socio-economic status, durations of marriage, psychological satisfaction were variables to have influence on the satisfaction of household work. 3) There were strong positive correlationship between the housewives consciousness and the satisfaction of household work. As a result, it is necessary to minimize the repetition and the overload of house-hold chores through the rationalization of household work and also to divide householdwork properly to family members. We let the housewives feel that her ability can be obtained from the household work. Especially the housewives must have a clear and a high level of consciousness of the household work an expect to receive high value of her household work from the family members. In order to do so, it seems to be important that housewives makes on great effort to have a positive value system and attitudes toward the consciousness and satisfaction of household work. We also must develop those factors through school and home education.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.313-320
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• 2020

This study aims to analyze the household economic behavior of salt farmers participants in Salt Business Empowerment Program (Pugar) including of salt production, work flow, household revenue, the behavior of consumption of food and non-food items and the welfare level. This research followed a survey method by engaging 32 household farmers as participants. The findings revealed that the empowerment program was carried out through the technical assistance of salting production and the assistance of equipment and technology from Thread of Screw Filter and geoisolators to improve the quality of salt. The problems come when the marketing of salt is still limited to the collectors of salt which led to the price of salt level, manufacturers have not remained stable. Household revenue sources for some salt farmers also come from non-salt pond business activities. Farmer household revenue can be used to meet staple food consumption and non-food staple consumption. Based on the indicators of family welfare, households participating in the empowerment program were group into the category of prosperous families. In order to stabilize the price of salt at the producer level, government intervention in the people's salt trading system is needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.170-177
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• 2011

We examined household's food expenditures in this study. The empirical work outlined here used quarterly data from 2003 Q1 to 2010 Q3. All variables are in log form and were obtained from the Korea National Statistical Office. The food items included cereals, dairy products, fruits, meat, vegetables, and alcoholic beverages. We applied the ordinary least squares method to a model consisting of household income and seasonal dummies. This is because household expenditures are ordinarily a function of income and have seasonal characteristics. The household's food consumption patterns also reflect the prevailing social and environmental circumstances. This study showed that the income coefficients of cereals, meat, dairy products, and alcoholic beverages tend to increase in the long-run, whereas those of vegetables and fruits decreased. The results also revealed that consumption of alcoholic beverages and meat was greatly affected by household income fluctuations, whereas those of vegetables and dairy products were not sensitive to income. The impulse response functions indicated that expenditures not only increased slowly before peaking one to eight quarters after the income shock but declined very slowly to pre-shock levels. The response of dairy products at the twelfth step was three times as large as that of the first step.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.51-60
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• 2011

The maintenance cost depends on various factors such as building volume, floor area, number of household and so on. The maintenance cost of the apartment housing is affected by the maintenance type, building physical factor, sociogeographic aspects. Among these, the maintenance characteristics is represented and made up by the total floor area and number of household which means main factor to provide the building scale roughly. In this paper, it aimed at modelling the estimation function of the maintenance cost with the total floor area and number of household and analyzing the elasticity of the two factors. Although items of maintenance cost are various in general cost, repair cost and so on, we classified these items into the 5 categories. 5 categories are a general cost, a facility maintenance cost, a utilization cost, insurance and sanitary cost. The estimation function used a power function and it has better goodness-offitness than any other estimation methods in statistics. A power function has a three curve types with concave and convex and linear style to the origin.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.226-236
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• 2016

Single-person household is estimated to be about 26.5% of the total household in 2015, which counts as 5060000 in numbers. We opt to acknowledge the various requests of these single residents, and in order to raise their satisfaction, we investigated on how personal taste, psychological interest, and personality attribute affects the user's preference of space organization and furniture in one room housing. Using the qualified psychology program, Enneagram Personality Type Indicator, we surveyed young people under 30 years old (majority of single-person households), regarding space organization and furniture preference. With the help of a specialist, the survey was constructed with appropriate evaluation items (space organization in one room households, bed, sofa, furniture material, etc), and analyzed the relationship between the evaluated items and personality types. Results showed there is a relationship between personality types and spatial structure. First, preference of spatial structure differed for different personality types. Second, the shape and size of furniture was dependent more on the ease of usability and design rather than on the personality types. One thing to consider is that type 1 and 9 accounted for about 50% of the total surveys. This emphasizes that the preferred spatial structure of a dominant specific personality type should not be overlooked.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.144-148
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• 2006

Kitchen space is one of the most dangerous places for the elderly. Modification of kitchen space for improving safety and independence for older residents is very important factor for aging -in-place. The purpose of this study wes to identify the current situation and modification of kitchen space by elderly-headed household. The sample included 108 respondents over the age 65 who consisted of elderly-couple or single person household with homeownership in Seoul. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Based on the findings of the study, the present incidence and recognition of future need in kitchen modification were identified. Changes in kitchen space made tended to be nonstructural or relatively inexpensive items. In conclusion, this study suggests several ideas for improving current physical problems of kitchen space to support daily living of older residents.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.221-229
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate the housing affordability of multi-family dwelling in Seoul and to systemize the housing expenditure patterns and housing affordability according to household and housing characteristics. Housing expenditures are basically composed of the payments of four major items. including utilities. home alteration and interior furnishing. home mortgage debt. and monthly rent. Housing affordability index as operationally defined in this study is Housing Expenditure-to-Income Ratio (HEIR). The ratios were computed for each of the four housing expenditure items. Data for 465 multi-family dwellers were gathered from the structured questionnaire. The results showed the differences between household and housing characteristics on housing expenditure levels and HEIR. In addition. this differences had influence on future housing choice behavior. The analysis on the variables of housing choice behavior showed the result that user cost considering capital gains were less important. comparing those of early 1990's.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.49-54
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• 2009

Despite the steady effort of kitchen furniture industry, consumers' complains never seem to decrease. The common storage problem of the houses of different sizes(20 pyeong, 30 pyeong, and 40 pyeong) was the dificiency of storage area and inadequate shelf division. It implies that such dificiency in kitchens is not because of the size of storage area, but because of such a great diversity of kitchenware and lack of studies on these items. The purpose of this research is to provide the checklist of the variety and quantity of stored kitchenware in researched area and easily adopt it to the kitchen furniture design. Studied household in average hold 239 types and about 890 items. The size of residence did not effect the number much. The first step of making the checklist is to categorize items into 9 biggest categories considering the usage of items and in which step of the preparing food the item was used. Second step is to categorize the items into 31 smaller categories reflecting the shape of items, the storage style and the place of storage. Third step is to sort the items into smallest categories by the frequency of use, storage type, and additional capacity of an item. Even when items are sorted into the same higher level of categories, the frequency of use caused storage area to differ. Also, storage style of an item differed according to the storage area. Based on these factors, we listed items in detail and made the checklist.