• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.109-132
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• 2010

This study examined the effects of depression by household's economic factors with income levels using the wave 1, 2 of Korean Welfare Panel Study. As a result, changes in income satisfaction have significant effects on depression levels. In non-poor households, the income and comsumption expenditure have effects on depression levels. But poor households do not have any effects. Among the control variables, age, marital status, and education level are influential factors on the depression levels. Based on the results, the author was able to recognize the economic factors in household that influnce the depression levels. and The policy directios for household's economic support were discussed.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.25-43
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence middle-aged people's retirement planning and financial preparation for old age. The data was derived from "the National Survey of Families 2015". The samples included 1,462 people from 40 to 64 years of age. The findings from the analysis showed that the level of retirement planning was significantly associated with gender, age, education level, employment status, monthly family income, monthly expenditure on spending to support parents, and perceived household economic condition. When the samples were divided by sex, the results showed that the perceived household economic condition was the most significant factor for both men and women's level of retirement planning. Age and education level were the significant factors for women's level of retirement planning but not for men's. Logistic regression was used to analyze whether middle-aged people made financial preparation for old age. For the whole sample, whether or not a person was a regular employee, monthly family income, monthly expenditure on supporting parents, perceived household economic condition, and retirement planning were significant variables in determining financial preparation. For men, whether or not a person was a regular employee, monthly family income, perceived household economic condition, and retirement planning were significant factors, for women whether or not a person was a regular employee, and retirement planning were the significant factors in determining financial preparation. The results implied that retirement planning is needed for middle-aged people to prepare for old age financially while the financial preparation should differ depending on sex.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.903-915
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• 2004

Now in Korea, many factors-for example, unemployment rate rise, consumer prices, corporate restructuring, etc.-are threatening family economy. Thus many households are faced with an economic crisis. In this circumstances, it is the role of households as a subsystem of family system to keep family and household economy stable for the sake of family growth and development. Economic well-being is differentiated by criterion of household economic status. But it has a large scale of spectrum: household income, asset, consumption, debt and the like. Moreover, these indices have been understood and measured differently by many researchers. In this thesis, we made efforts to distinguish subjective satisfaction from objective satisfaction, and then focus on the former. The data were collected from 399 housewives living in Pusan through questionnaires.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.67-82
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• 2001

This article was carried out to clarify the change in the weaving labor and the status of women from pre-industrial society to industrial society. For the purpose, this study made use of literature review. It was founded that women in pre-industrial society had weaved not only for private use but also for payment taxes and household economy. In this sense the women in pre-industrial society had participated in productive work like the ones of industrial society who participate in labor force market. With this economic activity women had occupied the status not being evaluated low. The major conclusion was as follows. The women in pre-industrial society had maintained their own economic activity with contributed to nation and household economy, but the women in industrial society were deprived of this activity and their status was depreciated.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.181-197
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• 2000

The purposes of this study were to compare financial status of home-based family business with that of ensile family business, and to analyze the factors effected on financial status of both business groups. The sample consisted of 295 home-based family business and 418 ensile family business among self-employed household of 1998 Korea Household Panel Data, and analyzed into Frequencies, Percentile, t-test, $\chi$$^2$-test and Regression. The findings were as follows: First, in case of financial status of household, there was no significant difference between home-based family business and ensile family business. Second, in case of financial status of business, total sales amount and net profit of home-based family business were lower than those of onsite family business, however net profit to total sales ratio of home-based family business was higher than those of onsite family business. Third, the factors contributing to total expenditure to total income ratio of home-based family business were business owner's present economic perception, future economic expectancy and residence, while business owner's age, the number of children and of tamer, and residence were significant variables contributing to same ratio of onsite family business. The factors contributing to total asset to total debt ratio of home-based family business was only business owner's future economic expectancy, however factors affected on the counterpart were business owler's future economic expectancy and job type of family business. Fourth, the variables of sex, age, educational level of family business owner, job type and family type of family business were associated with net profit to total sales ratio of home-based family business, and sex, educational level of family business owner, job type of family business, and the number of employees were related to same ratio of the counterpart. In addition, educational level of family business owner, job type and residence were related with total sales to the number of employees ratio of home-based family business, and educational level of family business owner and job tape of family business were related to same ratio of ensile family business.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes of housing characteristics and the degree of attainment of housing norms. The major findings are as follows: 1) There are significant differences in changes of housing characteristics. A size of house and the number of room have been improved according to hosing experience and housing expects. Type of tenure has been improved according to housing experience and housing expects. Type of tenure has been improved gradually according to moving. The family with higher socio-economic status prefers apartments. Although about a half of household hopes to live in a high-rising apartments. more than 40 persentage of the household still hopes to live in single detached houses. As a result apartment are though not to satisfy their housing well-being 2) As socio-economic status is higher and family life cycle is longer the degree of their attainment of housing norms appear higher. The household attaining higher housing norms has the higher housing satisfaction but needs to move is lower The family attains housing norms as the following orders: type of tenure\longrightarrowtype of house\longrightarrowthe nmber of rooms\longrightarrowa size of house.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.158-168
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• 2014

Objectives: To identify and evaluate the trend of meal-skipping rates among Korean adolescents with their contributing causes and the influence of household income level on meal skipping. Methods: Using 2008, 2010, and 2012 data from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey of 222 662 students, a cross-sectional study with subgroup analysis was performed. We calculated odds ratios for skipping each meal 5 or more times in a week by household socio-economic status using a multiple logistic regression model. The secular change in the meal-skipping rates by the students' family affluence scale was analyzed by comparing the meal-skipping students within each subgroup and odds ratios for the same event over time. Results: Through 2008 to 2012, most of the meal-skipping rates generally showed a continuous increase or were almost unchanged in both sexes, except for breakfast skipping in several subgroups. Students in low-income households not living with both parents had the highest meal-skipping rates and odds ratios for frequent meal skipping. In a time-series subgroup analysis, the overall odds ratios for the same event increased during 2008 to 2012, with a slight reduction in the gap between low and higher income levels with regard to meal skipping during 2010 to 2012. Conclusions: Household socio-economic status and several other factors had a significant influence on Korean adolescent meal-skipping rates. Although the gap in eating behavior associated with household socio-economic differences is currently decreasing, further study and appropriate interventions are needed.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.43-54
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• 1998

This study attempted to investigate the factors affecting financial status of the rural middle-aged and old-aged household. The results shelved that the significant variables which influenced on the probability of financial security measured by consumption to income ratio were sex and education level of the household head, family size, total income, total expenditure and total assets. The most influential variables on the probability of financial security measured by liquidity ratio was liquid assets, and total assets. Education level of the household head. liquid assets, total assets, and total debt had significant effects on the probability of financial security estimated by debt burden ratio. Among the economic variables, only liquid asset had significant negative effects on the probability of financial security assessed by the capital stock ratio.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.645-656
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• 2001

The relationship between socio-economic status and food and nutrient consumption patterns was studied in 7,370 Koreans aged 20 years and older in the 1995 Korean Health and Nutrition Survey. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rapid economic growth on food and nutrient consumption for Korean adults in the last 30 years. Monthly household income, and individual's educational level and occupation were chosen as variables of socio-economic status for individuals. A one day 24 hour recall method was used for the dietary survey. One way analysis of varience was adopted to test tole association between socio-economic variables and food and nutrient consumption patterns. Individuals who had a high socio-economic status had significantly higher daily intake of most of the nutrients including calcium, vitamin A, vitamin B$_2$which reached above the recommended dietary allowances(RDA) and a higher percentage energy consumption from fat. In addition, individual who belonged to a low socio-economic status consumed less animal foods, including meat, egg, milk and consumed low proportion of energy from fat. The results suggest that in spite of rapid economic growth during the last 30 years in Korea, individuals who belonged to low sorio-economic status categories are still nutritionally vulnerable. Among the sorio-economic variables, income and education except occupation were the influential factors on the food and nutrient consumption of Koreans. Therefore, nutrition policy should focus on influencing the dietary patterns of lower social class individuals to improve the health status of the population as a whole.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.49-61
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the usefulness of financial ratios as comparison analysis of households financial status. Two household types were discussed such as earner and self-employed. Financial ratios were developed for 2739 households for earners and 2147 households for self-employed using. Korean Household Panel Study from Daewoo Economic Research Center. Descriptive Statistics were used to analyze the financial ratios and seven different finantial ratios were utilized to compare the fiancial status of two different households type. Easers have more average income and net-assets than self-employed. However, using financial ratios, it was found that self-employed households were more stable than easer. The resets shows that the financial ratio analysis gives better tool to estimate households'financial status. Implications for financial educators, counselors, and planners are offered.