• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.211-214
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• 2016

House dust mite is an essential allergen in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Abnormal regulation of neutrophil apoptosis is an important pathogenic process in allergic diseases. In the present study, we investigated the effects of house dust mites on spontaneous apoptosis of neutrophils and its associated mechanisms. Extract of Dermatophagoides pteronissinus (DP) inhibited neutrophil apoptosis in a time-dependent manner. Cycloheximide (CHX), an inhibitor of translation, increased apoptosis of DP-treated neutrophils as well as control cells. The pro-apoptotic effect of CHX was blocked by DP in neutrophils. In addition, DP increased the phosphorylation of Bad in a time-dependent manner, indicating that it exerted an inhibitory effect on the function of Bad. These results suggest that DP has anti-apoptotic effects of neutrophils and may regulate protein synthesis and activation of Bad. Moreover, these findings may shed light on elucidation of allergy pathogenesis due to house dust mites.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.105-111
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• 2005

Canine sarcoptic mite (Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis) is ectoparasite which burrow usually in the stratum corneum of the skin of dogs. Antigens from the burrowing mites induce humoral and cellmediated immune responses in the hosts. The effect of antigenecity induced by somatic antigens of house dust mite (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) isolated by continuous elution has been evaluated in canine sarcoptic mites infestation. Continuous elution was carried out in 7.5% SDS-PAGE to isolate proteins of common antigens from somatic antigens of house dust mite. These eluted proteins from somatic antigens of house dust mite were confirmed by Western blotting in 7.5% SDS-PAGE, and eluted proteins (65, 60 kDa) were isolated. To evaluate the antigenetic effect of eluted proteins, eight dogs were divided as 4 groups such as non-vaccinated and non-challenged control (Group I), challenged control (Group II), vaccinated (Group III), and vaccinatedandchallenged (Group IV) groups. Group II and IV were artificially infested canine sarcoptic mites. Group III and IV were immunized with eluted proteins (65, 60 kDa). At the 6th week of the vaccination, the antibody titers of Group of IV were statistically significant higher than those of Group II (p<0.05). And antibody titers of Group III were also statistically significant higher than those of Group I (p<0.05). From these result, it is possible to replace somatic antigens of canine sarcoptic mites with eluted proteins from somatic antigens of house dust mites in order to diagnose and prevent the canine sarcoptic mite infestations.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.253-260
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• 2002

Fowl red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, is the most important ectoparasite affecting egg layers worldwide. More than 35 compounds have been used for fowl red mite control. Although some of them are efficient, several compounds are unsuitable in terms of food safety and environmental problems. Some compounds are efficient in theory but inadequate in practice. It is also expensive in material and labor to control effectively. Effective doses are very close to toxic doses and repeated treatment is required. Repeated, long term treatment of compounds on fowl red mite populations, may cause heritable resistance against the mites. In this study, antigenicity of fowl red mite and house dust mite, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, were identified by SDS-PAGE, silver staining, Western blotting and ELISA to investigate immune effects against fowl red mite using somatic antigens of fowl red mite and house dust mite. By SDS-PAGE, silver staining and Western blotting, several common antigens (110, 60, 56, 49, 46 kDa) of both fowl red mite and house dust mite were recognized. To identify immune effect of somatic antigens of fowl red mite and house dust mite, sixty white leghorn broilers(1 week old) were used. Among sixty white leghorn broilers, twenty were immunized with fowl red mite somatic antigens(Group I), twenty immunized with house dust mite antigens(Group II), and twenty were control group without antigen(Group III), respectively. After immunization, it was identified that antibody titers were increased both in group and II. Then all groups were challenged with fowl red mites. After 2 months, measurements of body weights, packed cell volume(PCV), ELISA OD values and numbers of mites were significant(p<0.05). These results suggest that fowl red mite and house dust mite, which are easy to collect and maintain, can be good vaccine candidates against fowl red mite in chicken.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.18-22
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to prove that the hypothesis of half dose (HD) allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) in the treatment of canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) would result in a similar success rate compared to the standard dose (SD) ASIT. Clinical signs were evaluated using a third version of the Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index (CADESI-03) prior to ASIT (day 0), at the end of induction (day 43), and at three month afterwards (day 90). Of the 18 atopic dogs, 12 dogs (SD group: 6; HD group: 6) had a good - excellent response to the house dust mites-specific immunotherapy. The efficacies of ASIT were 66.6% in both groups. The grades of reduction rate CADESI-03 were not different between two groups. Therefore, half dose protocol of house dust mites-specific immunotherapy is an effective and efficient method to treat CAD.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.689-696
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• 2003

Canine sarcoptic mite (Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis) burrow usually in the stratum corneum of the skin of dogs and rabbits. Antigens from the burrowing mites induce cutaneous inflammatory reaction and humoral and cell-mediated immune response in the host. The effect of immunization induced by somatic antigens of house dust mite (Dermatophagoides spp.) has been evaluated to control the canine sarcoptic mite in this experiment. Twelve common antigens (187, 142, 126, 120, 109, 92, 80, 68, 51, 30, 25, 17 kDa) were found using SDS-PAGE with silver staining and Western blot between canine sarcoptic mite and house dust mite. In order to evaluate the immunologic effect of these common antigens 10 New Zealand white rabbits were divided as 4 groups such as negative control (group I), positive challenged control (group II), vaccinated (group III), and vaccinated-challenged (group IV) groups. Group II was artificially infested with about 1,000 canine sarcoptic mites and group III and IV were immunized with somatic antigens of house dust mite. In addition group IV was artificially infested with about 1,000 canine sarcoptic mites and group II, IV were treated with ivermectin. At the 8 weeks of the vaccination with common antigen, the antibody titers of all groups of II, III and IV had been increased. Both infestation score and live canine sarcoptic mite counts of group IV were lower than group III. Infestation score of group II become 0 by 2 weeks and group IV by 4 weeks after infestation. These results suggest that house dust mite, which is easy to culture in vitro, can be a vaccine candidate for protection of canine sarcoptic mite infestation.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.44 no.1 s.137
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• pp.73-79
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• 2006

We evaluated the efficacy of health education in reducing indoor arthropod allergens in Seoul. The mite control measures comprised the use of mite-proof mattress and pillow coverings, regular washing of potentially infested materials, maintenance of a low humidity, removal of carpets, and frequent vacuum cleaning. Cockroach control measures included trapping, application of insecticides, and protecting food. Of 201 homes enrolled in October 1999, 63 volunteers were included in a 2-year follow-up survey between April 2000 and January 2002. Before intervention, the density of mites/g of dust varied greatly; 27.1/g in children's bedding, 20/g in adult bedding, 7.2/g on the floors of children's bedrooms, 6.8/g in sofas, 5.9/g on the floors of adult's bedrooms, 3.9/g on living room floors, 3.7/g in carpets, and 1.9 mites/g on kitchen floors. The predominant mite species and house percentages infested were; Dermatophagoides farinae $93\%$, D. pteronyssinus $9\%$, and Tyrophagus putrescentiae $8\%$. Comparing 1999 and 2001 infestations, before and after 25 mo of education, mite abundance was reduced by $98\%$, from 23.7 to 0.57 mites/g of dust. In 1999, cockroaches were detected in $62\%$ homes: $36\%$ Blattella germanica and $35\%$ Periplaneta spp., including $9\%$ double infestations of B. germanica and P. americana. Following intervention, cockroach infestation rates decreased to $22\%$ of houses in 2000 and $23\%$ in 2001. We conclude that continuous and repetitive health education resulted in the effective control of domestic arthropods.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.44 no.2 s.138
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• pp.133-138
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• 2006

This experiment was undertaken to screen the acaricidal effects of herb essential oils (pennyroyal, ylang ylang, citronella, lemon grass, tea tree, and rosemary) at different doses (0.1, 0.05, 0.025, 0.0125, and $0.00625{\mu}l/cm2$) and exposure times (5, 10, 20, 20, 30 and 60 min) on house dust mites Dermatophgoides farinae and D. pteronyssinus. The most effective acaricidal components of pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) were analyzed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Of these essential oils, the most effective was pennyroyal, which is composed essentially of pulegone (> 99%), at a dose of $0.025{\mu}l/cm^2$, which at an exposure time of 5 min killed more than 98% of house dust mites. In the pennyroyal fumigation test, the closed method was more effective than the open method and maximum acaricidal effect was 100% at $0.025{\mu}l/cm^2$, 60 min. The results show that herb essential oils, in particular, pennyroyal was proved to have potent acaricidal activity.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.87-92
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• 2009

The avoidance of the allergen of the house dust mite is one of the challenges to reduce and treat the symptoms of allergic diseases. Accordingly, various acaricidal agents are being used to kill the mite, but just killing it leaves the remains of it, which still act as the allergen. Therefore expelling the mite is thought as best policy to avoid the mite allergen. For this, some materials have been applied to repellent agents against the mite. Among them, a material with natural origin, known as the phytoncide, is being used for its repellent activity, as well as for its benefits for health. In this experiment, essential oils extracted from Korean white pine (Pinus koreaiensis S. et Z.) and hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa), which are widely used as the source of phytoncide products, are studied for demonstration of the repellent effect against the house dust mites, Dermatophagoides farinae and D. pteronyssinus. Direct contact method was used to evaluate the repellent effect (%). And the results suggest the oils have a significant effect enough to be used as a source of repellent agent. For the repellent effect, the most effective concentration was $0.5{\mu}l/cm^2$ at 45 minutes both in the white pine and the hinoki oil.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.93-96
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• 2004

We examined the responses of PBMCs to house dust mite (HDM) allergen in atopic and healthy, non-atopic dogs to identify differences in lymphocyte reactivity that might reflect the immunologic status of atopic dermatitis. Thirteen of 20 (65%) atopic dogs showed a positive lymphocyte proliferative response to HDM allergen. The rate of response was significantly higher in the atopic dogs than that in healthy, non-atopic dogs insensitive to the allergen (P = 0.007). The proliferative responses were positively correlated with the level of HDM-specific IgE in serum (P = 0.035), and were thereby confirmed to reflect the activity of lymphocytes competent to promote IgE production. These results suggest that HDM-specific lymphocytes were present in peripheral blood and played a role in the pathogenesis of canine atopic dermatitis.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.204-212
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• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine house dust mite concentrations in living rooms and bedding materials in atopic case-control groups. Methods: Fifty four homes with children suffering atopic diseases as cases and fifty one homes without atopic diseases as controls were selected after diagnosis at three elementary schools in Ulsan City. Dust samples were collected from the living rooms and bedding materials in each home during summer and winter with a vacuum cleaner and analyzed for house dust mites using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Environmental factors and family history were surveyed during sampling. Results: Both species of house dust mite Dermatophagoides farina (Der f 1) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p 1) were found in all homes. Derf1 concentrations were much higher than Der P1 concentrations, both in atopic homes (1518.9 vs. 27.0 ng/g. dust, respectively) and non-atopic homes (810.8 vs. 44.3 ng/g. dust, respectively). Der f 1 concentrations were significantly higher in the atopic group than in the non-atopic group (atopic: 1518.9 ng/g.dust, non-atopic: 810.8 ng/g.dust, p = 0.035). However, total house dust mite Der p 1 concentrations were significantly higher in the non-atopic group than in the atopic group (atopic: 27.0 ng/g.dust, non-atopic: 44.3 ng/g.dust, p = 0.035). Multiple regression implied that mothers with family history of atopic diseases (OR = 4.79, 95% CI = 1.81-12.69), Der f 1 concentrations (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.07-2.81), and air freshener use (OR = 4.60, 95% CI = 1.72-12.34) had significant associations with atopic children. Conclusion: House dust mite Der f 1 concentrations were associated with atopic children. This study suggests that parents should reduce house dust mite Der f 1 concentrations through environmental controls.